Introduction to safety requirements for static lithium battery energy storage systems

At the 2014 International Photovoltaic Industry Technology and Standards Development Forum, Mr. Jianhua He, Project Manager of the German Office of the German Electrical and Electronic Technology and Information Technology Association (VDE), conducted the theme of “Safety Requirements for Static (Non-Mobile) lithium battery energy storage System” Speech.

The following is a textual record:

Jianhua He: Good afternoon everyone, the speech I gave you today is about the safety requirements of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems. With the vigorous development of renewable energy, energy storage systems are becoming more and more important. Relatively speaking, Germany is still in the forefront of the world in this field. Our VDE has specially developed a certification standard for lithium-ion battery energy storage systems to comply with the market requirements that will gradually increase in the future.

What is the composition and framework of lithium ion energy storage? At present, the typical lithium ion energy storage unit configuration is basically 18650 lithium ion battery, cylindrical type, it may be dozens, even hundreds of combined into a battery module, this battery module plus battery The snap-in is configured as a basic energy storage unit.

Regarding the technical solutions of energy storage devices, I am simply classifying them, not a very standardized classification. From the perspective of application size, there are usually three types.

The first type is a small-scale application. The small-scale application and system configuration is probably no more than 10 kilowatts. Of course, the battery energy storage is determined according to the capacity. Here we simply divide it roughly, according to the power. According to the size of the device and the power generated.

This is a battery management system. Below is a system with multiple battery modules.

The second type is a medium-sized device. This battery module may not be the same as a small-scale battery module structure, but in general its composition is similar.

The third type is a large-scale device, which is a little more integrated with various modules.

At present, the general application field, lithium ion energy storage system is now encouraged by the national policy in Germany, because Germany currently has a certain degree of photovoltaic installed capacity, and the space for further development has been limited. At present, photovoltaic power generation is still an auxiliary energy source. It is not the main energy source. This is related to the characteristics of energy. If there is light, it can generate electricity. If it is not, there will be no more. The sun will be a little more, and the sun will be less. If you send less, then there will be something like a reservoir to be consumed at this time. That is the energy storage system. At present, the energy storage system is not so fast due to price and other factors.

From a technical point of view, the use of energy storage systems, for example, in the perspective of the entire large power grid, it is mainly for the power fluctuations of the power grid can be controlled, also due to changes in load, changes in power generation, grid frequency also The fluctuations can also be adjusted. In addition, the demand for peak power of the grid can be increased, because the peak power of the load is large, and the capacity of the power generation system is equal to that of the power generation system, but most of them fail to meet the requirements of power generation, and the conventional power generation system how much electricity is related to the load, and there is no way for solar photovoltaics to be passive. It depends entirely on the sun and on the weather. Therefore, in this case, the performance of the grid can be adjusted and supplemented by an energy storage device.

At present, there is a growing momentum in the use of small energy storage devices in Germany, which has a certain relationship with the current state of photovoltaic applications in Germany. The government is also vigorously encouraging photovoltaic power generation systems with energy storage. It actually encourages self-use and another function is as an emergency power supply. This is probably the case with a typical technical route or circuit configuration.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.