What are the key issues for the future development of lithium-ion battery electrolytes?

Dr. Hui Sun from China University of Petroleum (Beijing) New Energy Research Institute pointed out that the future development of lithium-ion battery electrolyte needs to focus on the following issues:

The first is the safety of the electrolyte and the battery. It can be solved by ionic liquid, fluorocarbonate, adding overcharge additive, flame retardant, and using high stability lithium salt.

The second is to increase the working voltage of the electrolyte. It can be solved by purifying a solvent, using an ionic liquid, a fluorocarbonate, adding a positive surface film additive, or the like.

The third is to broaden the working temperature range. Low temperature electrolyte systems require the use of ether and nitrile systems with lower melting points; high temperatures require ionic liquids (molten salts), new lithium salts, and fluoroester ethers to increase.

The fourth is to extend battery life. It is necessary to precisely control the composition and structure of the solid electrolyte interface film (SEI film), mainly through SEI film forming additive, free transition metal ion trapping agent and the like.

The fifth is to reduce costs. There is a need to reduce the cost of lithium salts and solvents, and to solve the technical problems of how to improve battery performance when lithium salts and solvents are low in purity. This aspect still requires in-depth research.

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