Backup power new favorite - farad capacitors ,how to lead the lithium battery to the end

In today's environment pollution becomes more and more serious, more and more people realize that human belongs to the earth, but the earth does not belong to human beings. Therefore, environmental protection products will become the new favorite of this century, and more favored by people!

Replacing lithium battery with farad capacitor is the trend of The Times, and it will bring the industry revolution! Many people do not know much about the use of farad capacitor, it is mainly used for backup power supply pulse power compensation, professional replacement of lithium battery, environmental protection, and long life.

Application of supercapacitors in smart water meters

I. application in smart water meters (combination 5.0v / 0.47f or 5.5v /1F)

Traditional intelligent water meter, in open and shut off the water valve, the control method is generally used to is built-in lithium battery. The lithium battery the virtue of lightweight, large energy, low self-discharge rate. Even so, because they did not design to the intelligent water meter charging circuit, lithium batteries used to after a certain period of time, will not be able to provide energy for the control circuit, had to replace the battery. The door for the user or replace the battery meter, it is for the water meter manufacturers and the company is a complicated thing. What is more dangerous, fewer battery cases is random, if the battery is not accurate and timely monitoring, shut off the water valve will not be reliable, Unable to billing, escape water phenomenon, and so on and so forth. This is the internal installation of lithium-ion batteries fatal disadvantage of the intelligent water meter, directly affects the promotion and use. In order to solve the bottleneck restricting the development of intelligent water meter, can use an ultracapacitor instead of lithium-ion batteries used in the intelligent water meter. Supercapacitor is a passive device, between batteries and capacitors, large capacitance current fast charge and discharge characteristics, as well as battery energy storage properties, and the repeated service life is long, discharge when using mobile electronic between conductors () and not rely on chemical reactions release current, which provide power supply for equipment. This solution is to use superpower Replacement capacity lithium battery, encapsulated in a water meter, and external a battery-powered. Normally dry cell to provide the required energy meter circuit and supercapacitor charging, the need to open the water valve, to detect whether ultracapacitors store enough energy, if there is no store enough energy, will not open the water valve, when testing it to store enough energy, energy will open the water valve is provided by external dry cell; When the water valve needs to be shut off, if the external battery fails to provide energy to shut off the water valve, then the ultracapacitor will provide energy to shut down the water valve at this moment.

Figure 2 is the application diagram. Under normal circumstances, the battery to the load through resistance R, diodes D1 and supercapacitor charging. The function of the resistance R is limiting current is too large, because the supercapacitor resistance is very small, charging current can cause cell damage. Larger diode D1 prevent reverse current. When the battery voltage is too low, or when suddenly loses power (e.g., remove the battery), by the supercapacitor continue to provide power supply circuit, at the same time, the supercapacitor stored energy enough to shut off the valve.

Application of ultracapacitors in smart meters

At present, the domestic electricity meter function is becoming more and more intelligent, in this era of rapid development of network information, before the door electricity fee in one step one step is to check the electricity information network, was replaced by the way of the bank fee, so long-term preservation and display of data is indispensable, now most of the electric meter is adopted in the various battery supplies power to the clock chip and power-off protection, through study on characteristics of supercapacitor using the supercapacitor can completely realize the function, and have more advantages than using battery.

Ultracapacitors have the following obvious characteristics when compared with batteries:

1. Ultra-low series equivalent resistance (ESR) and Power Density (Power Density) are more than 10 times of lithium-ion batteries, suitable for large current discharge.

2. Super long life, more than 500 thousand times of charge and discharge, 500 times of lithium-ion battery, 1000 times of nickel-hydrogen and nickel cadmium battery. If you charge and discharge the supercapacitor 20 times a day, it can be used continuously for 68 years.

3, can be large current charge, charge and discharge time is short, easy to charging circuit requirement, no memory effect, super capacitor charging is an electric double layer physical process of charging and discharging or rapid and reversible chemical processes on the surface of the electrode material, can use large current charging, can in a few seconds to a few minutes to complete the charging process, is a real quick charge. And the battery charge is needed several hours to complete, with quick charge also need tens of minutes.

4, wide temperature range - 40 ~ + 70 ℃.

5, small size, compact shape, easy to install, save space, free of maintenance, can be sealed.

6. It can be stored in the state of complete discharge, while excessive discharge is harmful to many rechargeable batteries;

7. Safe, convenient and environmentally friendly.

Figure 1 is a supercapacitor can be used as an electric meter to clock chip DS1302 for back-up power circuit diagram, DS1302 Vcc1 connect the main power supply, super capacitor anode Vcc2, according to different power backup system, such as the choice of a different supercapacitor. This principle can use supercapacitor can also be used in the single-chip microcomputer, touch screen and so on need to keep the clock or remain in the circuit of data.

Application of ultracapacitors in solar photovoltaic products:

With the development of global energy shortage how to energy saving, environmental protection has been the subject of the world, solar energy is everywhere, inexhaustible, inexhaustible ideal clean energy. The supercapacitor is in recent years the rise of the green energy storage element, so the supercapacitor solar lamp will become the main force of green lighting. Because without other power supply installation. Active luminous and can according to the strength of the light control light switch. Can be installed in a residential area, square, pedestrian street, etc.

Super capacitor solar lamp device selection

1. Selection of light source

Leds have a long life, energy saving, safe, green, environmental protection, etc. The life span of the LED is more than 100000 hours, working voltage is very low, very suitable for used with solar energy. Also, have a variety of colors. Quantity can be adjusted according to need lighting brightness degree. Due to the characteristic of the LED is very big, the same model also has a very big difference, parallel flow. When we choose the rated voltage is 3 v, rated current of 20 main brights LED as light source, the color is white. Also can choose other colors are green, blue, purple. Also can choose high brightness of the LED.

2. Selection of ultracapacitors

Because the solar battery input voltage is not stable, at the same time, the solar lamp glowing when ambient light is weak must be equipped with an electric storage device. Life is short, but now because of the battery, there is pollution and the lifetime of the LED lights and solar cells are more than 10 years, such as the life of the battery and solar cells and leds gap has brought the whole lawn lamp system maintenance trouble. And also need to charge a battery discharge protection, and its chemical structure, make its can't large current charge, so we choose the super capacitor as the energy storage device. The supercapacitor is a kind of energy storage device, which emerged in recent years. His power The performance is much better than the battery, charging speed is fast, there is no over put the problem, the life of the long charge and discharge can reach hundreds of thousands of times, it is a kind of green energy; And supercapacitors can be welded, so there is no such as the battery is not strong phenomenon.

Super capacitor solar lamp circuit design

The solar lamp can be composed of a control circuit, boost and stabilize circuit and light control circuit. The circuit structure is shown in figure 1.

Control circuit

1. Charging voltage regulator circuit

Since the voltage of solar cells varies unsteadily with the intensity of light, which will damage the capacitor, it is necessary to design a voltage stabilizing circuit in the charging system.

2. Prevent anti-charging control circuit

When the output voltage of the solar cell is lower than the voltage of the ultracapacitor, the ultracapacitor will not charge the solar cell in reverse to avoid unnecessary energy loss.

Two, LED drive booster voltage regulator circuit

Since the rated voltage of the LED is 3V, while the single voltage of our supercapacitor is 2.5v, which is lower than 3V, a booster circuit is needed to drive the LED.

Light control circuit

As the solar lawn lamp needs light control switch to control the LED, when the surrounding light turns dark, the LED will be lit, and when the light turns bright, the LED will be closed. The solar cell can be used as the photosensitive switch because its light characteristics are better than the photosensitive resistor.

The design is mainly applicable to a variety of decorative lights, lawn lights, and other low-power solar lighting devices. In the light control circuit with pulse trigger can make LED flashing, can be used as a solar spike lamp.

The application of supercapacitors in hybrid electric vehicles

Until today in the development of electric vehicles, the main bottleneck is the problem of the storage battery. The traditional battery (such as a lead-acid battery) due to the power density is low, cannot satisfy frequent starting, acceleration and braking mode of the vehicle, and waste too much energy, as due to accelerate the mileage of the vehicle can't meet the requirements. In normal driving, electric cars from battery very low average power, and is of very high peak power and when accelerating or climbing a hill, a high-performance electric car is the ratio of the peak power and average power can achieve now. In fact, the electric car is used for the consumed when accelerating or climbing a hill Energy accounted for two-thirds of the total energy consumption. Under the condition of the existing battery technology, the battery must be that energy and power and make a balance between power and cycle life, and it is difficult to the onset of the energy system at the same time, the pursuit of specific energy, specific power, and long life. The appearance of the battery and supercapacitor hybrid very good solution to solve the travel distance electric cars and accelerating the contradiction between the climbing performance. The travel distance from the battery to provide the best, and by the supercapacitor in need high power when accelerating or climbing a hill with a short auxiliary power. Supercapacitor energy can directly from the battery, also can be in the electric car braking Or reclaiming renewable kinetic energy when going downhill.

It should be noted that the output power of the battery should be equal to the average driving power demand of the vehicle, while the output power of the ultracapacitor is higher than the average power demand and can absorb renewable energy. When the actual driving power demand of the vehicle is higher than the maximum power of the ultracapacitor. Spare parts provided by the battery. Supercapacitor charging for it's by renewable energy if do not have enough power and the rest by the battery to supplement when vehicles running low advised rate. When the supercapacitor charge, regenerative braking energy for battery charging. The battery and supercapacitor between the two quadrants DC-DC converter to control the power distribution between them, and limit the battery in the vehicle at low power of supercapacitor recharge rate. If there is no DC-DC converter, battery and supercapacitor will be only the same voltage, cause a rapid change of the supercapacitor in the battery only when the output and receiving power, less factory superpower Capacity load balancing.

Equipped with supercapacitor also solved the problem of the low temperature starts difficult, the low-temperature performance of the lead-acid battery is bad, also in 40 ℃ - it is normal temperature when the current output capacity of about 1/10. So caused the low temperature of the motor vehicle starting difficulty. And the normal work of the supercapacitor temperature between - 40 ℃ to + 70 ℃. Motor vehicle launch has difficulties in 15 ℃, and with supercapacitor even when - 30 ℃, still can start smoothly.

Supercapacitors are suitable for low temperature starting of gasoline and diesel engines. They can be used in automobiles, diesel engines, tanks, aircraft, ships, engineering equipment, and other fields.

Because of soaring oil prices now, foreign car companies have the application of supercapacitor to the car, the car downhill when the energy stored in the form of electricity, released when climbing or need high power. So it reduces the use cost. This way not only can be used in motor vehicles but can also be used in the field of electric bicycle.

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