What are the main aspects of the electric car industry's expectation for power batteries?

Wangbinggang summed up the expectations of the electric vehicle industry for power batteries. There are several main aspects: high safety, high performance, long life, low cost, high quality, and recyclable reuse. From an industrial perspective, It should have a scale commensurate with the development of new energy vehicles. To build a strong industrial chain, it must have continuous innovation ability and international competitiveness.

China's new energy car industry has made important progress. From 2011 to the first half of this year, more than one million new energy vehicles have been sold. As can be seen from the map of world sales of new energy vehicles in 2016, China is far ahead in terms of number, far exceeding the total in Europe and exceeding the total in the United States. Today, we mainly talk about the performance and problems of power batteries.

Power cell technology in China has made significant progress. According to statistics, the total shipment volume of China's lithium-powered battery companies in 2016 reached 30.5 GWh, an increase of 79.4 % over 2015, and it is gratifying to have a good degree of concentration. The market share of the top two companies, BYD and Ningde Times reached 48 %, and the top 12 accounted for 80 %. We have seen the emergence of a number of excellent enterprises, the leading enterprises, both in terms of sales volume and technical level, are already among the advanced ranks of world power batteries.

However, it should be seen that at present, the overall technology level, production capacity and cost control of the power battery industry in China are still far from the international advanced level, and there is also a considerable distance from the development of the vehicle. The history of the world's electric cars tells us that power cell technology determines the fate of new energy vehicles.

I have summarized the expectations of the electric vehicle industry for power cells. There are several main aspects: high safety, high performance, long life, low cost, high quality, recyclable reuse. From an industrial perspective, It should have a scale commensurate with the development of new energy vehicles. To build a strong industrial chain, it must have continuous innovation ability and international competitiveness.

Security first.

At present, the safety problem of new-energy vehicles is quite serious. The safety accident of new-energy vehicles is a fire. From time to time, we will hear the news of new energy vehicles catching fire. If we continue to go on, there will inevitably be some major casualties and accidents, and the consequences will be disastrous. It must be given high priority. Without safety, there is no way to talk about high performance and no way to talk about large-scale production applications.

How to solve the security problem? Safety is to start with research and development design, first to solve the safety of core design, then the security of the battery system, and finally the security of use and maintenance. It is not advisable to expect to rely on complex and expensive system technologies to use unsafe cores. Security must start from the foundation. At the extreme, the safest battery is a battery that will not catch fire. In that case, the battery system design will be greatly simplified, and the cost and weight can be greatly reduced.

Security is designed, manufactured, not monitored. Monitoring is important, but it is only an auxiliary tool. So our colleagues in the battery industry are trying to design high-security battery products, which is our top priority.

Second, we should continue to innovate to improve battery performance and meet the needs of new energy vehicles.

That's been said a lot, so I won't repeat it. Energy-type batteries need to increase energy density while taking into account power density to meet consumers 'needs for fast charging. Power type batteries, it is necessary to improve its energy density, so that the battery is lighter and less expensive. The final level of development of new energy vehicles depends on what batteries will be made in the future. Therefore, continuous innovation should continue to improve the performance of batteries.

Thirdly, let's talk about my views on battery life. I think battery life is very important and it is one of the key factors for the ultimate success of electric cars.

Regarding the discussion of power cell life, one view is that with the car life, about 2,000 times. I do not agree with that definition.

First, we can not only consider the life span of 100,000 kilometers. This is a minimum commitment to consumers. (BYD promised power batteries for life), and the technical status of a traditional car when it uses 20,000 to 300,000 kilometers is still very good. It is common for an engine to have a life of hundreds of thousands of kilometers. It is also necessary to consider the differences in the use of cars. The battery life itself is a certain probability distribution, and the battery system is composed of many monomers, so there must be enough. The amount of margin;

Second, when the battery is retired from the car, there is still about 80 % of the capacity. If the internal quality is good, it can be reused for other purposes such as energy storage, and another cycle can be used. Increasing their reuse value is equivalent to reducing the cost of the full life cycle. That is, when the car is scrapped, the battery and its second life, this should be the goal we pursue.

Fourth, we should adopt a lean production concept to reduce costs.

Now the cost of batteries is very high, and the cost of whole vehicles is also very high. In recent years, the country's high subsidies have supported this subsidy, but this subsidy is temporary. After 2020, the subsidy for the purchase of vehicles must be completely withdrawn, and the subsidy for the entire vehicle factory is gone. It is impossible to buy batteries at a high price, otherwise, everyone cannot do it.

So the cost issue is a very big problem that should be seriously considered now. I went to GAC for research in the previous paragraph. They think that if the battery system can achieve 0.6 yuan per watt-hour, the electric vehicle will be competitive with traditional cars without subsidies.

I sent the 0.6 yuan/wattage message to a friend in the battery industry who found it incredible and difficult to do. We can't be sure that 0.6 yuan/wattage can be achieved, but here is an important message. The current cost of batteries must be greatly reduced in order to meet the requirements of the development of the new energy automotive industry. To know that high quality, low cost is the result of the industry's unremitting efforts for more than a hundred years, is an important feature of the automotive industry.

The production line created by Ford for the first time drastically reduced the manufacturing costs, making the car from a luxury that was originally enjoyed by only a few nobles to a commodity that was affordable to ordinary people. The lean methods that Toyota has created have transformed the car industry once again, allowing consumers to enjoy cheap and high-quality car products.

We often marvel at how sophisticated and sophisticated a car product is, how reliable it is and how cheap it is. It is the culmination of human wisdom and a hundred years of effort. Therefore, the cost reduction is a battery company to change the concept to face a huge challenge.

Fifth, to change the quality of the battery industry, the quality of the battery industry to reach the level of the automotive industry.

At present, the quality level of a large number of battery companies is not high, and the worst method is "screening".

"Selecting" "qualified products" from a group of products with the poor overall quality. Do you think the product selected is a good one? -No. Because the quality of the whole batch of products is not good, only because its parameters show a certain probability distribution, so that some of the parameters of the products fall into the qualifying area, you can "screen" the qualified products from the middle. But it does not mean that these "qualified" products have good quality.

They will soon have problems in future use. It will not take long to check it. It is already a non-conforming product, and the dispersion is even more serious. Can the system and equipment make with such a monomer be used? What kind of system equilibrium technology is meaningless. The "screened" nonconforming products also cause great waste and increase costs.

The second method is "sorting." This is also the case where the overall consistency does not meet the requirements of the automotive battery system. The reason for the "cover up" approach is the same because the quality of the product is internal and will not be substantially improved by "sorting". These methods are not used in the production of modern automotive parts.

In the automotive industry, the CPK value of the "process capability index" is used to measure the quality level of the product, which is required to reach 1.67, and the CPK value of most battery companies 'products does not meet this requirement. This requires redoubled efforts.

Sixth, speed up the process of battery specification.

Although the module size standard for batteries has recently been introduced, I think this standard lists too many sequences and almost lists the specifications that exist in the market. I think such specifications are the same as no standard. The purpose of this standard is to reduce the number of specifications. Now, this specification is a "good old man" specification, then what is the use of this specification?

So I suggest that the number of specifications is significantly reduced by reformulating one. Because to recycle, if the specifications are varied, how to recycle? Second, from the battery industry itself, your equipment specifications, the specifications of the equipment, how to reduce costs? Not to mention the possibility of a universal swap in the future. So I feel that in the interests of the entire industry, we must work hard to reduce specifications.

Seventh, we should establish strong industrial chains and clusters.

Our concentration has shown a good trend, but you know, our annual output of new energy vehicles is still only 500,000, if 5 million, 10 million vehicles, the current power battery industry can meet the demand? If China's battery industry is to be a global powerhouse, every big battery plant will need to bring out a strong upstream chain of industries, including positive materials, negative materials, diaphragm, electrolytes, manufacturing equipment and so on.

I think we need to plan for this and hope that by 2020-2025 we will have several huge industrial clusters and bases, so we should now plan and layout around the construction of a strong industrial cluster.

Eighth, battery enterprises should establish a close alliance with vehicle enterprises to speed up the pace of strong and large.

This is a very important period. Excellent battery companies are growing rapidly. Battery enterprises should step up the establishment of industrial alliances with vehicle factories. This is also my suggestion to many battery factories. The current market may be temporary, and it is only a matter of time before foreign excellent battery factories enter. So we have to be ready to face a strong competitor.

Battery plant should also consider the rational layout of the production base, the production plant built near the vehicle factory, which can greatly reduce logistics costs, while meeting the requirements of lean production methods in the automotive industry, achieve timely supply, zero inventory, and lower costs.

At the same time, I also call on the vehicle companies should have the obligation to support the local battery plant, work together to establish a strong new energy vehicle industry system, change the dependence of traditional automotive core parts on foreign conditions, and avoid repeating the mistakes of technology hollowing out.

Ninth, the recycling of power cells is already under pressure.

According to relevant agencies, about 200,000 tons of power cells will be decommissioned by 2020 and will grow exponentially every year. If the arrangement is not good, it may be a new environmental disaster. Everyone is talking about the importance of battery recycling. But there is very little implementation, so I hope power battery recycling is not just verbal, should be implemented.

On the one hand, it is necessary to clarify the responsibility system. On the other hand, it is necessary to consider coordination with the automobile scrapping management system. Recently, I learned that some city governments have started to establish related systems, systems, and layout related industries. Only good recycling and reuse can finally achieve the goal of green and environmental protection of new energy vehicles.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.