Analyzing the mainstream technology of power battery from the classification of lithium battery

The power batteries of new energy vehicles can be divided into secondary batteries (including lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydride batteries and lithium batteries) and fuel cells.

In this paper, we will begin from the classification of lithium batteries, parsing the mainstream technology of power battery on the market at present.

The working principle

Firstly, correcting a concept, according to the positive cathode materials used in lithium-ion batteries, usually divided into two broad categories:

Lithium battery, which is using manganese dioxide as positive pole material, metallic lithium metal or its alloy anode materials for batteries; Lithium ion batteries, the use of lithium alloy metal oxide anode material, graphite anode materials for batteries.

Lithium battery whose nature unstable and can't charge, so do not belong to the secondary battery. For new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, we say at ordinary times is lithium ion battery.

Lithium ion battery is mainly composed of the anode (lithium compounds), the cathode material (carbon), the electrolyte, the diaphragm of four parts:

Lithium battery, the positive on atomic ionization into lithium ions and electrons (embedded), lithium ion after movement to the anode, electrolyte get electronic, be restored into lithium atoms embedded in carbon layer of the microporous (insert);

Battery discharge, embedded in the cathode carbon layer of lithium atom, electron (take off) as lithium ion, through the electrolyte, the movement back to the positive (embedded);

Lithium battery charge and discharge process, that is, lithium ion in positive and negative electrode embedding and embedded process, at the same time accompanied by equivalent embedded electronic and embedded. The more lithium ion, the higher the charge and discharge capacity.

Classification

Because of the anode materials, lithium ion batteries are divided into: lithium iron phosphate (LFP), nickel (LNO), acid lithium manganese acid lithium (LMO), cobalt acid lithium (LCO), nickel and cobalt ternary lithium manganese acid (sliding), nickel and cobalt aluminate ternary lithium (NCA), carbon anode materials mainly adopts graphite material.

Technical route

Based on the above-mentioned, we come to manage way different types of lithium battery in the application of the market.

Say first cobalt acid lithium, as the ancestor of the lithium battery, of course can also be as power battery try water, the first to use on the tesla Roadster, but due to its low cycle life and safety, proved it is not suitable as a power battery. In order to make up for this shortcoming, tesla using billed as the world's top battery management system to ensure the stability of the battery. Cobalt acid lithium is a big market share in the field of 3 c at present.

The second is manganese acid lithium battery, mainly first put forward by battery enterprise AESC charge, which is small, nissan and Japan's electric co., LTD. (NEC) of the joint venture. Manganese acid lithium representative models for the nissan leaf, because of its low price, the energy density of medium, security, also is the so-called good comprehensive performance. So-called into has played havoc played havoc and because of this tepid characteristics, its gradually replaced by a new technology.

Followed by the lithium iron phosphate, as byd's main, its stability is good, long life, and it has cost advantages, especially suitable for the need often charge and discharge of plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, but its drawback is that the energy density.

Finally, the ternary lithium battery as a rising star, the energy density can reach the highest, but the security is relatively poor. There are requirements for range of pure electric vehicles, the prospects, is the power battery mainstream direction.

In fact, in the power battery market, there are three giants of China, Japan and South Korea technology line of contention, they are recruiting, expanding territory, grab the hill, staged the so-called "romance of The Three Kingdoms".

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