How do you properly distinguish between lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries

Battery charging must choose the appropriate method according to different circumstances, and the correct use of charging equipment. In this way, we can improve the working efficiency and extend the service life of the battery and charging equipment.

Usually, the charging method of the battery has two kinds of fixed current charging and fixed pressure charging. In recent years, rapid charging (pulse charging) has also been gradually promoted.

(1) Fixed current charging

During the charging process, the charging current maintains a certain charging method, called constant current charging, as shown in the figure.

How to Charge a Lead Acid Battery-Principle of Charging a Lead Acid Battery

Fixed current charging has large adaptability, and can be arbitrarily selected and adjusted charging current, so it can charge batteries in various situations.

This method can be used for initial charging of new batteries, recharge, and removal of sulfur charging.

However, its disadvantage is the long charging time and the need to constantly adjust the charging current.

(2) Fixed voltage charging

During charging, the charging method in which the power supply voltage U remains constant is called constant voltage charging, as shown in the figure.

How to Charge a Lead Acid Battery-Principle of Charging a Lead Acid Battery

When charging at constant pressure, the charging voltage must be selected: If the voltage is too high, not only is the charging current too large at the initial stage of charging, but also the charging phenomenon will occur, resulting in bending of the plate, a large number of active substances falling off, and a high temperature rise of the battery; If the charging voltage is too low, the battery can not be charged.

Fixed voltage charging also requires that the charged battery must be connected in parallel to the charging power supply. Since the battery is connected in parallel with the generator in the car, the battery is always charged at the constant voltage of the generator (adjusted by the regulator).

The above charging methods are collectively referred to as "normal charging". To complete the first charging, it takes 60h-70h, and a supplementary charging takes about 20H. Because the charging time is too long, it brings great inconvenience to the user.

(3) Pulse fast charging

Pulse rapid charging can greatly overcome the polarization phenomenon in the charging process and effectively improve the charging efficiency.

Its charging current waveform is shown in the figure:

How to Charge a Lead Acid Battery-Principle of Charging a Lead Acid Battery

The advantages of pulse rapid charging are:

The charging time is greatly shortened. Generally, the initial charging time is not more than 5H, and the supplementary charging time is not more than 1h.

2 Can increase the battery capacity. Due to the rapid charging of pulses, polarization can be eliminated. Therefore, when charging, the chemical reaction is sufficient, the reaction depth is deepened, and the battery capacity is increased. Therefore, the new battery does not need to be discharged after initial charging, so it can be used without discharge. This not only saves electricity but also brings convenience to users.

3 has a significant devulcanization effect. Because pulse fast charging has the above advantages, its advantages are more prominent in the battery concentration, frequent charging, or emergency use departments. However, the control circuit of the pulse charging machine is complex and the price is higher than that of ordinary charging machine.

Identification of positive and negative polarity of battery during charging

When charging, the positive and negative poles of the battery should be connected to the positive and negative poles of the charging machine. Therefore, the polarity of the battery needs to be correctly judged.

The poles of the battery are generally marked with "ten" and "-'' marks; Or red on the positive pole. If the scale is ambiguous, the following method can be used for identification:

1 Observe the color of the pole column. The used battery positive pole column is dark brown and the negative pole column is light gray.

The DC voltmeter is used to connect the two poles of the battery and determine its positive and negative poles according to the pendulum direction of the pointer.

3 Use the electrolyte to identify, connect the two poles of the battery to the wire, respectively inserted into the electrolyte (do not make the two wires touch each other), the lead around the bubble is a negative pole.

Regular charging mode

There are two conventional charging methods for lead-acid batteries: flotation (also known as constant pressure charging) and cyclic charging.

When charging, it is necessary to strictly control the charging voltage. For example, a battery with a rated voltage of 12V should have a charging voltage between 13.5 and 13.8V. If the float voltage is too low, the battery will be too full. If it is too high, it will cause excessive charging. The voltage should be set according to the principle that the initial charging current does not exceed 0.3C (C is the rated capacity of the battery).

Cyclic charging, the initial charging current should not exceed 0.3 C, charging the number of hours of amperage slightly greater than the discharge amperage hours. It is also possible to charge for several hours at a constant charge rate of 0.1 C. When the number of hours of charging ampere reaches 90 hours of discharge ampere-hours, the charging voltage can be used to charge until full.

The above is the commonly used lead-acid battery charging method, but there are some shortcomings in these two ways. During the charging process, the battery voltage gradually increases and the charging current gradually decreases. Since the constant voltage charging is independent of the actual state of the battery voltage, the charging voltage is always constant, the charging current is initially large, and then decreases exponentially; using the fast charging may cause the battery to be overcharged, which may cause battery damage. For cyclic charging, charging with a smaller current, the charging effect is better. However, for a large-capacity battery, the charging time will be long and the aging time is low, causing a lot of inconveniences.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation. Battery charging must choose the appropriate method according to different circumstances, and the correct use of charging equipment. In this way, we can improve the working efficiency and extend the service life of the battery and charging equipment.

Usually, the charging method of the battery has two kinds of fixed current charging and fixed pressure charging. In recent years, rapid charging (pulse charging) has also been gradually promoted.

(1) Fixed current charging

During the charging process, the charging current maintains a certain charging method, called constant current charging, as shown in the figure.

How to Charge a Lead Acid Battery-Principle of Charging a Lead Acid Battery

Fixed current charging has large adaptability, and can be arbitrarily selected and adjusted charging current, so it can charge batteries in various situations.

This method can be used for initial charging of new batteries, recharge, and removal of sulfur charging.

However, its disadvantage is the long charging time and the need to constantly adjust the charging current.

(2) Fixed voltage charging

During charging, the charging method in which the power supply voltage U remains constant is called constant voltage charging, as shown in the figure.

How to Charge a Lead Acid Battery-Principle of Charging a Lead Acid Battery

When charging at constant pressure, the charging voltage must be selected: If the voltage is too high, not only is the charging current too large at the initial stage of charging, but also the charging phenomenon will occur, resulting in bending of the plate, a large number of active substances falling off, and a high temperature rise of the battery; If the charging voltage is too low, the battery can not be charged.

Fixed voltage charging also requires that the charged battery must be connected in parallel to the charging power supply. Since the battery is connected in parallel with the generator in the car, the battery is always charged at the constant voltage of the generator (adjusted by the regulator).

The above charging methods are collectively referred to as "normal charging". To complete the first charging, it takes 60h-70h, and a supplementary charging takes about 20H. Because the charging time is too long, it brings great inconvenience to the user.

(3) Pulse fast charging

Pulse rapid charging can greatly overcome the polarization phenomenon in the charging process and effectively improve the charging efficiency.

Its charging current waveform is shown in the figure:

How to Charge a Lead Acid Battery-Principle of Charging a Lead Acid Battery

The advantages of pulse rapid charging are:

The charging time is greatly shortened. Generally, the initial charging time is not more than 5H, and the supplementary charging time is not more than 1h.

2 Can increase the battery capacity. Due to the rapid charging of pulses, polarization can be eliminated. Therefore, when charging, the chemical reaction is sufficient, the reaction depth is deepened, and the battery capacity is increased. Therefore, the new battery does not need to be discharged after initial charging, so it can be used without discharge. This not only saves electricity but also brings convenience to users.

3 has a significant devulcanization effect. Because pulse fast charging has the above advantages, its advantages are more prominent in the battery concentration, frequent charging, or emergency use departments. However, the control circuit of the pulse charging machine is complex and the price is higher than that of ordinary charging machine.

Identification of positive and negative polarity of battery during charging

When charging, the positive and negative poles of the battery should be connected to the positive and negative poles of the charging machine. Therefore, the polarity of the battery needs to be correctly judged.

The poles of the battery are generally marked with "ten" and "-'' marks; Or red on the positive pole. If the scale is ambiguous, the following method can be used for identification:

1 Observe the color of the pole column. The used battery positive pole column is dark brown and the negative pole column is light gray.

The DC voltmeter is used to connect the two poles of the battery and determine its positive and negative poles according to the pendulum direction of the pointer.

3 Use the electrolyte to identify, connect the two poles of the battery to the wire, respectively inserted into the electrolyte (do not make the two wires touch each other), the lead around the bubble is a negative pole.

Regular charging mode

There are two conventional charging methods for lead-acid batteries: flotation (also known as constant pressure charging) and cyclic charging.

When charging, it is necessary to strictly control the charging voltage. For example, a battery with a rated voltage of 12V should have a charging voltage between 13.5 and 13.8V. If the float voltage is too low, the battery will be too full. If it is too high, it will cause excessive charging. The voltage should be set according to the principle that the initial charging current does not exceed 0.3C (C is the rated capacity of the battery).

Cyclic charging, the initial charging current should not exceed 0.3 C, charging the number of hours of amperage slightly greater than the discharge amperage hours. It is also possible to charge for several hours at a constant charge rate of 0.1 C. When the number of hours of charging ampere reaches 90 hours of discharge ampere-hours, the charging voltage can be used to charge until full.

The above is the commonly used lead-acid battery charging method, but there are some shortcomings in these two ways. During the charging process, the battery voltage gradually increases and the charging current gradually decreases. Since the constant voltage charging is independent of the actual state of the battery voltage, the charging voltage is always constant, the charging current is initially large, and then decreases exponentially; using the fast charging may cause the battery to be overcharged, which may cause battery damage. For cyclic charging, charging with a smaller current, the charging effect is better. However, for a large-capacity battery, the charging time will be long and the aging time is low, causing a lot of inconveniences.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.