Is it harmful to people to charge a lead battery?

The recycling of used lead-acid batteries and the reuse of lead are important for saving lead resources, enhancing environmental protection and implementing sustainable development strategies. However, if it is not handled properly in the process of recycling and reuse, it will inevitably produce new sources of pollution and cause great harm to the environment and human health. During the two sessions of this year, a member of the CPPCC submitted a proposal on this matter, which has attracted the attention of the relevant departments of the country. It is imperative to rectify the recycling of used lead-acid batteries and the recycling of lead. The proposal states that, as of 1997, the number of identified lead resource mining areas in the country was 732, and the proven lead storage capacity was 34.7577 million tons. Mines with high-grade ore bodies and good mining conditions have been mined in large quantities, such as Fankou, Shuikou Mountain, large factories and silver. Other mines have not been mined because of poor grade, complex mining techniques, inconvenient transportation, and high investment costs. In recent years, the growth of primary lead production has been slow, and lead resource depletion may occur. With the rapid development of automobiles, communications, electric power, railways and transportation, there is a growing demand for lead-acid batteries for automobiles, motorcycles, electric vehicles, railways, military, stationary, traction, energy storage, and emergency power supply. Annual lead consumption is 35-400, 000 tons. Lead-acid batteries need to be updated after a period of use. At present, about 50 to 60 million lead-acid batteries of various types are produced each year, weighing about 300,000 tons. With the growth of new battery demand, the number of used lead-acid batteries will inevitably increase. The used lead-acid batteries, lead-residue, and lead-mud have been included in the National hazardous waste list by the State Environmental Protection Administration, the former State Economic and Trade Commission and other four ministries and commissions. In the 1950s, the recycling and recycling process of used lead-acid batteries began in China, and the annual output of recycled lead has been hovering in the thousands of tons. After the reform and opening up, with the reform of the material supply system and the increase in lead prices, the output of recycled lead rose to 28,200 tons in 1990 and reached 123,700 tons in 1997. However, there are as many as 300 lead recycling enterprises in China, most of which are small in size and produce only a few dozen to a thousand tons, with serious low-level duplication, and there are many problems in recycling, transshipment, storage, disposal, treatment and processing of used lead-acid batteries. The outstanding performance is 1. The lead recovery rate is low. The recovery rate is generally 80 to 85 <UNK>, which is 5 to 10 <UNK> lower than the general level abroad. About 10,000 tons of lead per year is lost during smelting and regeneration. 2, high energy consumption. The general level is 500-600 kilograms of standard coal/ton of lead, while the general level abroad is 150-200 kilograms of standard coal/ton of lead. 3, recovery channels are chaotic, there is no environmental protection system. The recycling of used lead-acid batteries in China includes battery sellers, waste materials departments, and individual and recycled lead processing enterprises. They disassemble and dump dilute sulfuric acid at will. Some foreign countries are government-supported recycling organizations or battery manufacturers 'sales networks. The government stipulates that recyclers are not allowed to dismantle at will, and environmental protection regulations are sound. 4, serious pollution. Due to backward technology, lead vapor, lead dust, and sulfur dioxide emitted during smelting and processing exceed the National emission standards by dozens of times. If the annual disposal of 300,000 tons of used lead-acid batteries is calculated, 18,000 tons of lead and antimony, 10,500 tons of sulfur dioxide, 1.68 million cubic meters of sewage are discharged, and 60,000 tons of lead residue is produced, including 6,000 tons of lead metal, 2,000 tons of antimony, and 600 tons of arsenic. Lead pollution caused lead poisoning of workers in regenerative enterprises and affected nearby residents and children. In Europe, the United States and the middle developed countries and regions, there are three main ways of recycling used lead-acid batteries. First, battery manufacturers recycle through their sales channels; The second is waste collection; Third, the government supports the establishment of recycling organizations for used lead-acid batteries. There are three ways to do this: one is to exchange old for new; The second is the mortgage system; Third, the environmental tax should be levied. The advanced technology and equipment for recycling used lead-acid batteries abroad, using a highly mechanized and automated fragmentation separation system, will be used to remove the shells of the batteries -- plastics or hard rubber, lead -- from the polar shed, pole column, and lead alloy of the flow discharge. Isolation plate-PVC or PE, microporous hard rubber, glass fiber, etc., dilute sulfuric acid, lead paste(lead sulfate, lead oxide) separation, alloy lead smelting, refined lead, lead paste desulfurization After treatment, smelting, and refining into fine lead, The recovery rate of lead is as high as 95 +. For the stable, rapid and healthy development of the national economy, the prevention of lead pollution to the environment, the improvement of the rational and effective use of lead resources, and the implementation of sustainable development strategies, experts recommend 1. Establish a perfect recycling channel for used lead-acid batteries. Units engaged in the sale of lead-acid batteries, the repair, and dismantling of automobiles, motorcycles, electric bicycles, railway passenger cars, coastal river vessels, telecommunications power supply equipment, etc. are statutory units for the recycling of used lead-acid batteries. The above-mentioned units and other recycling organizations of used lead-acid batteries shall not dismantle the recycled lead-acid batteries on their own; Do not pour dilute sulfuric acid(electrolyte) into sewers, rivers, and soil; No open piles are allowed to prevent rainwater from washing harmful substances such as lead acid into water bodies and soil. 2, strengthen transit management. Used lead-acid batteries must be placed in transit, and the exhaust suppository(liquid hole suppository) must be tightened, and there are rain prevention measures to prevent spillage and spillage of dilute sulfuric acid. Promote and promote the use of pallet packaging transportation. A licensing system shall be implemented for enterprises processing recycled lead. The relevant departments of the State shall formulate measures for the licensing of enterprises processing recycled lead. The size of the enterprise should be required to produce more than 10,000 tons of recycled lead per year; The processing process should have perfect environmental protection facilities and effective measures; Lead dust, flue gas, and sewage discharge should meet the corresponding national standards; Production personnel shall be entitled to labor insurance supplies and health care fees, and regular medical examinations.

1 It is not advisable to charge on horseback: The life of the cell is determined by the number of charge-discharge cycles. The number of charge-discharge cycles should be correctly grasped. The more charge-discharge cycles, the faster the decay of the life cycle, and the number of cycles of lead-acid batteries. Replace once in a year or two, so, It should not be charged as long as you ride an electric car. It should be recharged at the depth of the battery discharge.

2 Recharging time should not be too long: Many electric car users think that the longer the charging time, the more the battery power is. This is very wrong charging time. Generally speaking, the best long-term overcharging after the charger is changed into a lamp can easily lead to battery deformation and water loss. Which directly jeopardizes the battery life.

3 It is strictly forbidden to drive without power: Some users will recharge until the electric car is not able to ride, which will seriously damage the battery performance. Multiple deep discharges will greatly shorten the battery life. If the power is not sufficient on the way, it is best to step on the power in advance to avoid deep discharge., A charge must be full, not full use, will reduce the battery's service life, usually avoid charging to the fast charging station.

4 Do not charge at high or low temperatures: The battery itself generates a small amount of heat during charging. Charging at too high a temperature will increase the temperature of the bottle and damage the battery performance; The temperature is too low, the battery's ability to accept is poor, the activity is weakened, the battery's power is insufficient, the number of charges and discharge increases, and the battery life is shortened.

5 can not overload driving: especially cannot overload the uphill section, because suddenly increase the current, will cause damage to the battery, easily causing the motor controller to burn.

6 Prohibition of long parking without power loss: When you will not use an electric car for a period of time, place it full of electricity; One month later, the electricity was added.

7 Discharge the battery depth once every 1-2 months: After the battery is used for a period of time, there must be some active substance precipitation. If the active substance is not activated in time, it will inevitably cause a certain decrease in the battery capacity.

8 Always observe whether the charger is good or bad: the charging process of new batteries is generally between, if the charging time is too long, check whether the charger voltage protection device is damaged, long-term charging will cause battery deformation, battery deformation is not within the manufacturer's warranty.

9 Prevent battery exposure to sunlight: the battery can not be charged immediately after exposure, otherwise, it will cause the battery to crack or deform, and it must wait until it is cooled before charging.

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