Lithium-electric equipment manufacturing enterprise competitiveness has greatly improved

In recent years, on the basis of full use of foreign technologies, domestic lithium-electric enterprises have turned to fully automated control and research and development of lithium-electric equipment for large-scale and stable production. This has been accompanied by the rapid growth of market demand in the domestic lithium battery industry and the rapid expansion of production capacity of lithium battery manufacturers. The competitiveness of domestic manufacturers of lithium-electric equipment has greatly increased.

Lithium electric equipment is mainly used in the process of lithium battery production. The demand of the industry depends on the equipment investment in the downstream lithium battery industry. The development of the industry is closely related to the prosperity of the downstream industry. Japan and South Korea successfully developed winding machines in the 1990s, and since then the technology level has been in the international leading position. The development of lithium electric equipment industry in China began in the late 1990s. In the initial stage, due to the backward overall technology level and low degree of automation, key equipment is mainly imported, but it can not fully meet the needs of domestic battery manufacturers. Therefore, It is imperative to develop and produce lithium electric manufacturing equipment with independent intellectual property rights. In recent years, on the basis of full use of foreign technologies, domestic lithium-electric enterprises have turned to fully automated control and research and development of lithium-electric equipment for large-scale and stable production. This has been accompanied by the rapid growth of market demand in the domestic lithium battery industry and the rapid expansion of production capacity of lithium battery manufacturers. The competitiveness of domestic manufacturers of lithium-electric equipment has greatly increased.

The manufacturing process of lithium batteries can be divided into four stages: pole fabrication, core assembly, core activation detection, and battery packaging. Pole-making processes include mixing, coating, roller pressure, cutting, production, and polar ear forming. It is the basis for the manufacture of lithium ion batteries, and has high performance, accuracy, stability, automation, and production efficiency of pole-making equipment. requirements; The electric core assembly process mainly includes winding or stacking, pre-packaging of electric core, injection electrolyte and other processes, requiring high accuracy, efficiency, and consistency; The activation detection process of the electric core mainly includes the conversion of the electric core and the detection of split capacity. The cell packaging process includes testing, classification, serial-parallel combination of individual cells that make up the battery pack, and performance and reliability testing of the assembled battery pack.

According to the manufacturing process of lithium ion batteries, lithium electric devices can be mainly divided into front-end, mid-end and back-end devices. Among them, the front end equipment mainly includes a blender, a coating machine, a roller press, a splitter, a production machine, and a groping machine; The middle end equipment mainly includes winding machine, stacking machine and injection machine; Backend equipment mainly includes converted cabinets, storage cabinets, PACK automation equipment and so on. The key equipment for lithium batteries is mainly focused on the front and middle ends, with a total value of about 70 %.

Batteries can be roughly divided into several types: chemical cells, physical cells, and biological cells. Most of the batteries used in daily life are chemical cells. Among them, chemical cells can be classified as primary batteries, secondary batteries, and fuel cells. Compared to primary batteries, secondary batteries can be used after repeated charging. At present, the main secondary batteries on the market include mainly lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. From the perspective of the development path of the secondary battery industry, it has experienced the diversification of nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen and lithium-ion batteries to the market stage of lithium-ion batteries.

Lithium batteries rely on the movement of lithium ions between positive and negative poles to achieve charging and discharging purposes. Compared with lead acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and other secondary batteries, It has outstanding advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, small self-discharge rate, no memory effect and green environment protection. At present, lithium batteries have occupied the main market for consumer electronics such as mobile phones and notebook computers. In recent years, with the improvement of lithium power production technology and battery performance, the application of lithium ion batteries in emerging fields such as electric vehicles and energy storage power stations has promoted the proportion of power cells and energy storage batteries. The expansion of demand for lithium ion batteries will drive lithium. The growth of equipment demand.

Lithium-ion batteries can be divided into consumer electronics, energy storage and power batteries according to the application scenario. Among them, consumer electronic lithium batteries are mainly used in 3C products; Energy storage batteries are mainly used for home energy storage and distributed independent power system storage such as solar energy and wind power generation; Power batteries are mainly used in various electric vehicles, electric tools and new energy vehicles. Due to different application scenarios, the above three types of batteries have certain differences in the requirements for a series of indicators such as power, energy density, and cyclic performance.

According to the sales of lithium batteries in different application scenarios in the world, the sales of consumer lithium batteries in 2016 reached 52.9 %. Although the share accounted for a decline in the previous period, the market share was still the highest in the three major application scenarios. The market share of dynamic lithium batteries rose to 38.6 %, which is the largest incremental plate; The share of energy storage and other industrial markets is 8.5 %, and the market is currently smaller than the other two application scenarios. The development of lithium-ion battery market in China is in the period of rapid growth. From 2010 to 2016, China's downstream application of lithium-ion batteries showed that the proportion of consumer batteries has been declining year by year, and the proportion of power models has been increasing year by year. In particular, since the promotion of new energy vehicles in 2014, the proportion of power batteries has increased rapidly. From 4.60 % in 2010 to 52.63 % in 2016.

Judging from the three major consumption terminals of lithium-ion batteries in China, benefiting from the explosive growth of the new energy automotive industry, the power battery has the highest growth rate in the three major consumption terminals of lithium batteries and has become the largest engine for the development of the lithium battery industry. The current growth rate of consumer lithium batteries has been flat, and the increase in demand mainly comes from the increase of the penetration rate of 3C products and the replacement of existing products; Lithium storage batteries are still in the market introduction period. The market demand is quite different from that of other two types of batteries. However, energy storage has been included in the "13th Five-Year Plan" 100 major engineering projects. With the gradual maturity of technology, it will become another pole that drives the consumption growth of lithium batteries. There's room for growth.

New energy vehicles have exploded worldwide, and demand for power lithium batteries has soared. In 2011, sales of new-energy vehicles in the world were only 51,000. In 2016, sales increased sharply to 914,000 vehicles, and the compound growth rate for 2011-2016 was 78.1 %. In the future, with the continuous promotion of support policies, technological progress, changes in consumer habits, and the popularization of supporting facilities, the impact of other factors will continue to deepen. The global market for new energy vehicles will continue to grow at a high rate. Global sales of new-energy vehicles are expected to reach 6 million in 2022, 6.6 times the 2016 figure. Under the wave of global electric vehicle electrification, the demand for power cell market continues to grow. In 2016, the global power battery size was 48.5 GWh, which has become the largest increase in the three major sectors of consumer electronics, power, and energy storage. According to estimates, The global demand for lithium batteries for electric cars by 2022 will exceed 340 GWh, which is seven times the size of 2016.

Subsidized slope has a short-term impact, and the double-point policy guarantees the rapid development of new energy vehicles in China. In 2016, China sold 507,000 new energy vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 51.27 %, making it the world's largest new energy vehicle market for two consecutive years. At the beginning of 2017, due to the downturn in subsidies, the sales of new energy vehicles were temporarily depressed, and gradually entered the right track. The monthly sales growth rate gradually increased year-on-year, and the cumulative sales growth rate from January to November 2017 also returned to a high level of 52.44 %. It can be seen from this that the impact of subsidy sloppiness on the industry is relatively short-term. According to the target of 2 million vehicles in 2020 in the "Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Development Plan", if the output volume is calculated based on 2016, the annual composite growth rate in the next few years needs to reach more than 40 %, under the guidance of the double-point policy. The future permeability of new energy vehicles will steadily increase, and the demand for power Lithium will continue to play a pull role.

The market for lithium electric equipment is vast, and the incremental market will reach 90 billion yuan in the next three years. In 2016, China's output of automobile powered lithium batteries was 30.8 GWh, an increase of 82.2 % year-on-year. With the increase in the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China, demand for power batteries will continue to grow rapidly. It is expected that by 2020, China's output of automotive powered lithium batteries will reach 146 GWh. The compound growth rate for 2016-2020 will reach 47.53 per cent. In 2016, China's effective production capacity for power batteries was 60 GWh, and compared with actual shipments, the overall production capacity utilization rate was about 50 %. Therefore, the effective production capacity of China's power batteries will reach 292 GWh. The equipment cost of building a 1GWh power lithium battery production line will be 3.6-5(domestic) / 7-10(pure import) billion yuan, calculated at the localization rate of 80 %. The cost of 1GWh power cells is 43-600 million yuan, and it is roughly estimated that the incremental market space for equipment from 2018 to 2020 will reach 90 billion yuan(1GW is measured at 500 million). As the concentration of power cells will show an upward trend, leading companies will receive more incremental shares…

Energy storage refers to a series of technologies and measures that use chemical or physical methods to store the generated energy and release it when needed. It is mainly used in the fields of uninterrupted power supply, household energy storage, and power grid storage. It runs through various links of power generation, transmission, distribution, and electricity use in power systems. The rapid development of the new energy industry is a trend due to the increasing environmental pollution problem. In recent years, the scale of wind power and photovoltaic installations in China has expanded rapidly, but the intermittent fluctuation characteristics of renewable energy have severely restricted its ability to connect. Causes our country to abandon wind, discard light, the power limit problem is quite prominent. The configuration energy storage system can solve the randomness and volatility of renewable energy power generation. After the energy storage system is smooth, the output of electricity can reduce the impact on the stability of the power grid, and can effectively solve the imbalance of power in time and space, thus creating conditions for large-scale grid connection. Energy storage products, as the key link to the full application of renewable energy, have broad market prospects.

Although energy storage batteries are still in the market introduction stage due to cost, technology, policy and other reasons, relative to the growth of power batteries lags behind, but with the continuous decline of lithium battery costs and the expansion of the application field, the market space of energy storage lithium batteries in China is worth looking forward to. Data show that in 2016, the output of lithium battery storage capacity in China was 3.1 GWh, and the output value was 5.2 billion yuan, accounting for more than 50 % of the global output value. The rise of energy Internet will significantly increase the demand for energy storage. The compound growth rate of output value in 2016-2017 reached 18 %. It is predicted that the demand for lithium batteries in China will reach 16.64 GWh in 2020 and the compound growth rate will reach 44.75 % in 2016-2017. On October 11, 2017, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Energy Bureau jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Energy Storage Technology and Industry in China. Aiming at the problems of insufficient policy support, insufficient research and development demonstration, insufficient technical standards and insufficient overall planning in the process of energy storage technology and industrial development in China, this paper puts forward the goals and five key tasks for the development of energy storage industry in China in the next 10 years. As the first guiding policy of the Chinese energy storage industry, it has a milestone significance. From the medium and long term point of view, driven by the policy, China's energy storage lithium battery industry is expected to enter the accelerated growth period, and then become an important growth pole of lithium equipment demand.

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