How to connect the batteries in parallel

In order to get more power, you can connect two or more batteries in parallel. In addition to paralleling the batteries, another option is to use a larger battery. This approach does not apply to all situations due to the limitations of the battery that can be used. In addition, large-size batteries are not suitable for the form factor required for a dedicated battery. Most chemical batteries can be used in parallel, and lithium-ion batteries are best suited for parallel use. The battery pack consisting of four cells in parallel maintains a voltage of 1.2 v, while current and run time are increased by a factor of four.

Compared to battery series, high-impedance or "on" battery has less impact in battery parallel circuits, but parallel battery packs reduce load capacity and reduce run time. This is like an engine that only starts three cylinders. The damage caused by the short circuit of the circuit is greater because, in the event of a short circuit, the faulty battery will quickly deplete the power of other batteries and cause a fire.

When using the series-parallel connection method, it is flexible in design and can achieve the required rated voltage and current with the standard battery size. It should be noted that the total power will not change due to the different connection methods of the battery. The power is equal to the voltage multiplied by the current.

Household battery

The connection methods of the series and parallel connection of the batteries mentioned above are directed to rechargeable battery packs in which the batteries are permanently welded together. In addition to putting several batteries into the battery compartment where the battery is installed, in addition to the series, the rules described above also apply to household batteries. When connecting several batteries in series, the following basic requirements must be observed:

Keep the connection points of the battery clean. When four batteries are used in series, there are eight connection points (the connection point from the battery to the battery room, and the connection point from the battery room to the next battery). There is a certain resistance at each connection point. If the connection point is increased, it may affect the performance of the entire battery pack.

Do not mix batteries. When the battery is low, replace all batteries. Use the same type of battery when used in series.

Do not charge the non-rechargeable battery. When charging a non-rechargeable battery, hydrogen is generated, which may cause an explosion.

Pay attention to the polarity of the battery. If the polarity of one of the batteries is reversed, the voltage of the entire battery will be reduced instead of increasing the voltage.

Take the fully discharged battery out of the suspended device. Older batteries are more prone to leakage and corrosion. Alkaline batteries are less problematic than carbon zinc batteries.

Do not put the batteries in a box, as this may cause a short circuit. A short circuit in the battery can cause heat and cause a fire. Please put the discarded battery in a small plastic bag and insulate it from the outside.

The primary battery pack similar to an alkaline battery can be thrown into a normal trash can. However, it is best to send the used battery to the regeneration cycle.

A battery is generally used in watches, backup memories, and cellular phones. The nominal voltage of a nickel-based battery is 1.2 v, the alkaline battery is 1.5 v, the silver oxide battery is 1.6 v, the lead-acid battery is 2 v, the lithium battery is 3 v, and the nominal voltage of the lithium-ion battery is It is 3.6 v. Using lithium-ion polymers and other types of lithium batteries, it is rated at 3.7 v. If you want to get an unusual voltage like 11.1 v, you have to connect three batteries in series. With the development of modern microelectronics technology, we have been able to power a cellular phone and low-power portable communication products with a 3.6-volt lithium-ion battery. In the 1960s, mercury batteries, which were widely used in illuminance meters, have now completely withdrawn from the market due to environmental concerns.

Nickel-based batteries have a nominal voltage of 1.2 v or 1.25 v. There is no difference between them except for market preferences. Most commercial batteries have a voltage of 1.2 v per cell; industrial,special and military batteries still have a voltage of 1.25 v per cell.

Series

A portable device that requires a high amount of power is generally powered by a battery pack in which two or more cells are connected in series. If a high voltage battery is used, the size of the conductors and switches can be made small. Mid-priced industrial power tools typically use batteries with a voltage of 19.2 v to 12 v; advanced power tools use batteries with voltages from 24 v to 36 v for greater power. The automotive industry eventually increased the ignition cell voltage of the starter from 12 v (actually 14 v) to 36 v or even 42 v. These battery packs are made up of 18 lead-acid batteries in series. In the early hybrid cars, the battery pack used to supply power had a voltage of 148 v. The battery packs used in the newer models are as high as 450 v to 500 v, mostly nickel-based chemical batteries. A nickel-metal hydride battery pack with a voltage of 480 v is made up of a series of 400 nickel-metal hydride batteries. Some hybrid cars have also been tested with lead-acid batteries.

The 42v car battery is expensive, and it produces more arc on the switch than the 12v battery. Another problem with the use of high-voltage battery packs is the possibility of failure of a certain battery in the battery pack. It's like a chain, the more batteries are connected in series, the higher the chance of this happening. As long as there is a problem with one of the batteries, its voltage will decrease. At the end of the day, a "broken" battery may interrupt the delivery of current. It is not easy to replace the "bad" battery because the old and new batteries do not match each other. In general, the capacity of new batteries is much higher than that of older batteries.

Let's look at an example of a battery pack. The third battery produces only 0.6 v, instead of the normal 1.2 v. As the operating voltage drops, it reaches the critical point of discharge end faster than the normal battery pack, and its use time is also sharply shortened. Once the device is powered off due to low voltage, the remaining three sections of the battery will not be able to send the stored power. At this time, the third battery also exhibits a large internal resistance. If the load is also present at this time, the output voltage of the entire battery chain will be greatly reduced. In a set of serial batteries, a poorly performing battery, like a plug that blocks a water pipe, creates a huge amount of resistance that prevents current from flowing. The third cell will also be shorted, which will reduce the terminal voltage to 3.6 v, or disconnect the battery link and cut off the current. The performance of a battery pack depends on the performance of the worst battery in the battery pack.

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