The importance of lithium battery cathode materials

At present, the performance and price of lithium ion cathode materials are the bottleneck restricting its further development to high energy, long life and low cost. One of the key technologies for developing high energy lithium ions is the development of cathode materials. Theoretically, a material having a layered structure and a spinel structure can be used as a positive electrode material for a lithium ion battery. The development of the positive electrode material was slightly slower than that of the negative electrode battery. The reason is that it is not easy to prepare a practical material, and small changes in the preparation process can lead to huge differences in material structure and even performance. In general, in the composition of lithium-ion battery products, the positive electrode material occupies the most important position, and the quality of the positive electrode material directly determines the performance index of the final lithium-ion battery product. The positive electrode material accounts for about 40% of the battery cost. Lithium-ion battery cathode materials have become the bottleneck restricting the development of high-performance lithium-ion batteries in China. In addition, the progress made in the research of cathode materials also shows the broad prospects for the development of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Therefore, our requirements for cathode materials are as follows

1. The battery reaction should have a large Gibbs free energy to ensure a high battery voltage;

2. The Gibbs free energy change during discharge is small to ensure that the output voltage is close to constant;

3. Positive and material should have a low oxidation potential, that is, a higher voltage relative to metal lithium;

4. As light as possible, but can store a large amount of lithium to ensure a larger capacity;

5. It has good electronic conductivity;

6. The structure is stable within all operating voltages to ensure a long cycle life;

7. The material is cheap and low toxicity.

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