How to deal with waste lead storage batteries?

"The formal recovery rate of China's waste lead storage battery is less than 30%, some of which are discarded as garbage, and the other part is flowed to small regenerative lead workshops or self-employed households with irregular treatment processes. The soil and surface groundwater systems are facing serious lead pollution risks. It is urgent to solve this problem. "National People's Congress representative, Tianneng Group Chairman Zhang Tianren was interviewed by reporters, and his words were full of worry.

Due to the large amount of lead-ion acid electrolyte in the waste lead storage battery, the random discharge will pollute the soil and the surface groundwater system, and once the human body's lead content exceeds the standard, it will seriously endanger health.

70% waste lead battery flow to small workshop

An electric car dealer said that electric car travel is a good thing for environmental protection. However, there are no written regulations on the handling of batteries. Many people’s batteries are damaged and don’t know how to deal with them. They can only be thrown into garbage. Going out, this is a huge hidden danger.

According to the data, the number of electric bicycles in China is more than 200 million, and the growth rate is 20% per year. At present, more than 90% of the power batteries actually used are equipped with lead storage batteries. The battery life is basically about 2 years. Therefore, China produces an average of 150 tons to 200 million tons of lead-acid batteries per year.

The representative of the National People's Congress, Tianneng Group Chairman Zhang Tianren said that the regular way of lead battery recycling, the current technology has been quite advanced, from waste battery crushing, sorting to smelting, and then to new battery remanufacturing, can be controlled in a closed loop Operation, the risk of pollution is greatly reduced.

However, according to some representatives of the electric bicycle industry, in the small workshops of informal channels, the processing technology is extremely backward. In the dismantling process, most of the small-scale lead-removing workshops are almost exclusively artificially disassembled and the acid is discharged at will. The surface is seriously corroded, and other wastes with no recycling value are randomly discarded or landfilled, which seriously pollutes the environment.

Battery recycling is imminent

Referring to the low cost of informal enterprises, Cai Ling, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the head of the research department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China, felt that a survey of environmental protection industry she participated in found that the same processing of one ton of waste, the processing fees charged by informal enterprises are often not 50% of the formal enterprises, but cut the work on the secondary pollutant emission control. "There is a low-price bid for the environmental protection market, opaque market information, vicious competition from the peers, non-standard phenomena such as borrowing certificates and even unlicensed operations. It is more intense in the hazardous waste treatment market," said Cai Ling.

In response to the recycling of waste lead storage batteries, China has successively issued a series of laws and regulations, but "due to the lack of special management, specific implementation rules and mandatory regulations, the supervision of illegal and illegal enterprises is not effective, and implementation is not in place." Zhang Tianren said.

Wang Yuan, an electric bicycle dealer in Beijing, said that there are two major problems in the recycling management of domestic lead-acid batteries. First, there is no normative requirement for the producers, sellers, users and recyclers in the whole system. The threshold for operating activities such as the collection, storage and disposal of waste lead batteries is high. Many enterprises or individuals are difficult to meet the requirements. Under the influence of interests, many small-scale lead-reduction workshops or self-employed households have emerged.

One day after the treatment, there was less water and soil. Some deputies have called for the strengthening of the recycling management of waste lead batteries, which must be highly valued by the government, the industry and the whole society.

Develop a recycling lead industry or a breakthrough for governance

In the view of Zhang Tianren, vigorously developing recycled lead recycling is an effective way to reduce the risk of lead pollution, which can also reduce the amount of primary lead mining. According to his estimation, for every ton of recycled lead produced, 1.36 tons of standard coal can be saved, 98.7 tons of solid waste can be reduced, 208 tons of water can be saved, and 0.66 tons of sulfur dioxide can be reduced, which greatly reduces the environmental pollution and waste of lead waste.

Representative Zhang Tianren suggested that the state comprehensively use various legal and economic means to encourage and support enterprises to research and develop and promote the application of new technologies and processes, eliminate backward processes and equipment, and realize the transition from the original end-of-pipe governance to advanced source control.

Commissioner Cai Ling suggested to further cultivate and standardize the environmental protection industry market, especially to strictly enforce the law, create a fair competitive market environment, strengthen market supervision, product quality supervision, strengthen the supervision and management of standard labels, standardize the environmental protection industry market, and let the cost return to the real .

Some members suggested that low-speed electric vehicles could no longer repeat the development process of electric bicycles, and should adjust the energy system scheme and ban lead-acid batteries. Although the one-time input cost has increased, the industry cannot only look at immediate interests, but needs to strengthen policy regulation at the national level.

Green related

Major blood lead events in China in recent years

In December 2008, the exhaust gas and waste water from a smelter in Lushi County, Henan Province, led to 334 high-lead blood poisoning in the village and 103 lead poisoning.

In August 2009, a lead-zinc smelting company in Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province, discharged waste water and waste gas, causing at least 615 children to exceed lead.

In August 2009, a refined manganese processing plant in Wenping Town, Wugang, Hunan Province, was the source of excessive blood lead. There were 1354 people with suspected blood lead and 600 children needed medical treatment.

In December 2009, children aged 3 months to 16 years old in 44 industrial areas in Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province were found to have exceeded lead.

On January 3, 2010, 51 children under the age of 16 in Hekou Village of Jiangsu Dafeng Economic Development Zone were found to have excessive blood lead levels, and the battery manufacturer Dafeng City was only 50 meters away from the village house in Hekou Village. Shengxiang Power Co., Ltd. is the source of pollution.

In February 2010, 250 children in Jiahe County, Hunan Province exceeded the blood lead. Tengda Company, a lead-smelting enterprise that caused poisoning incidents, was once suspended by the county and city level environmental protection bureaus, but continued to produce.

In March 2010, Hunan Cangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Municipal Children's Hospital found out that 152 people had excessive blood lead and 45 people were poisoned by lead. The poisoned persons were all children under 14 years of age.

On March 13, 2010, the blood lead detection results of 94 villagers in Yujian Town, Longchang County, Sichuan Province were abnormal, including 88 children. The source of pollution is the local lead-making enterprise - Longchang Zhongyi Alloy Co., Ltd.

On June 13, 2010, 30 adults and children in Chongyang County, Xianning City, Hubei Province were found to have excessive lead levels. The main cause of the accident was the lack of basic precautionary measures in the lead-working operation of Hubei Jitong Battery Co., Ltd. Bringing contaminated clothing home, causing the workers’ family’s blood lead to exceed the standard and poisoning.

In January 2011, more than 100 children in Gaohe Town, Huaining County, Anqing City, Anhui Province exceeded the standard of blood lead, and parents suspected that the local power plant pollution.

In March 2011, more than half of the villagers in Shangtao Village, Fengjiang Street, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, experienced excessive blood lead levels. It was confirmed that a battery manufacturing company in the village illegally discharged lead-containing wastewater and waste gas, which was the main cause of this incident.

In May 2011, 332 people with blood lead exceeded the pollution incident in Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The reason is that Zhejiang Haijiu Battery Co., Ltd. illegally produced and violated the regulations, and the workers' health protection measures were improper; the local counties and town governments did not realize the residents' relocation commitment within the protection distance.

In September 2011, some children in the Kangqiao area of Shanghai were found to have blood lead levels exceeding normal indicators. Since then, the relevant departments have conducted blood lead testing on 1,306 children in the local area, and found that 49 children have excessive blood lead levels, including children aged 1 to 3 years old. The investigation shows that children's blood lead exceeds the standard and has a significant correlation with the lead emissions of Shanghai Jiangsen Auto Control International Battery Co., Ltd., and has a certain correlation with the lead emissions of Shanghai Xinmingyuan Auto Parts Co., Ltd. In addition, other lead pollution sources such as Shanghai Kangshuo Waste Materials Utilization Co., Ltd. also have an impact on the environment.

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