How to charge the car battery

The specific gravity of the electrolyte drops below 1.2; in winter, the discharge exceeds 25%; in summer, the discharge exceeds 50%; the light is dim; when the start is weak, it should be charged. Some car owners believe that fast charging can save time and only takes 3-5 hours. In fact, fast charging only activates the surface of the battery quickly, but in fact the internal battery is not fully charged.

In addition to fast charging, there is also a kind of slow charging, charging time is 10-15 hours, those who are deeply deficient in the battery must be slowly charged, otherwise the charging time is not enough, the amount of charging is insufficient, it will directly affect the driving performance of the car. Although charging is a fairly simple operation, there are some caveats:

Wear protective clothing when charging lead-acid batteries.

When charging, there should be no sparks near the battery and smoking is prohibited.

When charging one or more batteries in parallel, the charger voltage should not exceed 16V.

Correct charging method of battery

There are more and more electric devices in today's cars, and when using these electric devices, the owner should try not to overload the battery. Overloading of the battery will reduce the life of the battery. It is important to have the correct battery charging method.

First, connect the positive pole of the battery to the positive pole of the power supply, and connect the negative pole of the battery to the negative pole

The initial charging is carried out in two stages: first, the initial charging current is charged to the electrolyte to release bubbles, and the single cell voltage rises to 2.3 to 2.4V. Then, the current is reduced to 1/2 initial charging current, and the charging is continued until the electrolyte discharges a vigorous bubble, which is stable for 3 consecutive hours. The total charging time is about 45~65h.

During the charging process, the temperature of the electrolyte should be measured by halving the current, stopping charging or cooling. The temperature should be controlled at 35~40 °C. When the initial charging is completed, if the specific gravity of the electrolyte is not specified, use distilled water or electrolysis with a specific gravity of 1.4. The liquid is adjusted. After adjustment, recharge for 2 hours until the specific gravity meets the requirements.

Tip: The battery is usually replaced once in two or three years.

Avoid battery charging errors

No initial charging

The first charge of the battery is called initial charge, and the initial charge has a great influence on the service life and charge capacity of the battery. If the charging is insufficient, the battery charge capacity is not high, and the service life is also short; if the battery is excessively charged, the electrical performance of the battery is good, but it will shorten its service life, so the new battery should be carefully charged for initial charging. For dry-charged lead-acid batteries, according to the instruction manual, if it is used within the specified two-year storage period, as long as the electrolyte of the specified density is left for 15 minutes, it can be put into use without charging. However, if the storage period is more than two years, due to partial oxidation on the plate, in order to increase its charge capacity, it should be recharged before use and charged for 5h-8h.

No supplementary charging

Some drivers often neglect to recharge the battery in use. Because the battery is not fully charged in the car, it is easy to cause the plate to vulcanize; at the same time, the amount of charge and discharge in use is unbalanced, if the discharge is greater than the charge and the battery is in a deficient state for a long time, the battery plate will slowly vulcanization, this chronic vulcanization will reduce the charge capacity of the battery until the start is weak, which greatly shortens the service life of the battery. In order to reduce the active material on the battery plate in time, reduce the vulcanization of the plate, increase the charge capacity of the battery, and prolong its service life, the battery in the vehicle should be periodically recharged.

Battery overcharge

The battery is often overcharged, even if the charging current is not large, but the electrolyte "boiling" for a long time, in addition to the easy to fall off the fine particles on the surface of the active material, the grid is excessively oxidized, causing the active material and the grid to loosely peel off.

Polarity reversal when charging

Due to the different materials of the positive and negative plates of the battery, in addition to the active material, the negative plate is also added with materials such as barium sulfate, humic acid, carbon black and rosin to prevent shrinkage and oxidation of the negative plate. In addition, the number of negative plates of each single cell is always one more than the number of positive plates, and the negative plate is slightly thinner than the positive plate. When the battery is initially charged or recharged, if the polarity is not paid attention, the battery will be reversed, and the positive and negative electrodes will almost become coarse crystal PbSO4, resulting in insufficient battery charge capacity, normal operation, and even battery scrapped, therefore, you must pay attention to the polarity when charging, and must not reversing the polarity.

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