What is the main difference between lithium-iron phosphate battery and ternary battery?

What is the main difference between lithium-iron phosphate battery and ternary battery?

Energy density

As far as the current technology concerned, the energy density of lithium-iron phosphate battery cell is usually between 90-120 Wh/kg, and the energy density of the ternary lithium battery cell can reach about 200 Wh/kg, which simply compare with the energy density. The lithium battery won.

Security

The decomposition temperature of positive electrode material of ternary lithium battery about 200 ° C. and decomposition temperature of positive electrode material of lithium-iron phosphate battery is about 700 ° C. Short-circuit lithium-iron phosphate battery cells in the laboratory test environment, basically no fire, ternary lithium battery is not the same, the main high-temperature safety lithium-iron phosphate battery wins.

Three: low temperature adaptability

Below normal temperature, lithium-iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery are similar, but in low temperature, lithium-iron phosphate battery attenuation is much worse than ternary lithium battery. Many pure electric vehicle owners think winter car nominal life and actual battery life the difference is that lithium batteries are not active enough in winter.

Four: battery charging cycle life

The lithium-iron phosphate battery has a cycle life of about 2,000 times or more, and the ternary lithium battery has a cycle life of about 1,000 times. This lithium-iron phosphate battery wins.

Lithium-iron phosphate battery: refers to a lithium ion battery using lithium-iron phosphate as a positive electrode material. Its characteristic is that it does not contain precious elements such as cobalt. The raw material price is low and phosphorus and iron are abundant in the earth's resources, and there is no problem of feeding. Its working voltage is moderate (3.2V), its capacity per unit weight is large (170mAh/g), high discharge power, fast charging and long cycle life, high stability under high temperature and high heat environment.

Advantages:

Compared with the more common lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganate batteries currently on the market, lithium-iron phosphate batteries have at least five advantages: higher safety, longer service life, and no heavy metals and rare metals (raw materials). Low cost), fast charging and wide operating temperature range.

Disadvantages:

Lithium-iron phosphate has some performance defects, such as low tap density and compaction density, resulting in lower energy density of lithium ion battery; higher material preparation cost and battery manufacturing cost, lower battery yield and poor consistency; poor product consistency; intellectual property issues.

Three-yuan lithium battery

Ternary polymer lithium battery: A lithium battery of a lithium lanthanum manganese oxide (Li (NiCoMn) O2) ternary positive electrode material is used as a positive electrode material. According to Tsinghua University Ouyang Minggao: The "three yuan" material referred to in this survey refers to the "three-dimensional power battery" in the usual saying that the positive electrode is ternary and the negative electrode is graphite. In actual research and development applications, there is also a positive electrode is ternary, the negative electrode is lithium titanate, commonly known as "lithium titanate", its performance is relatively safe, long life, does not belong to the common "three yuan" material."

Advantages:

The ternary lithium battery has high energy density and better cycle performance than normal lithium cobaltate. At present, with the continuous improvement of the formula and the perfect structure, the nominal voltage of the battery has reached 3.7V, and the capacity has reached or exceeded the level of lithium cobalt-oxide battery.

Disadvantages:

The ternary material-power lithium battery mainly includes nickel-cobalt lithium aluminate battery and nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium battery. Due to the high temperature structure of nickel-cobalt aluminum, the high-temperature safety is poor, and the pH value is too high, so that the monomer is flattened, and then It is dangerous and the current cost is high.

Summary: In contrast, the ternary polymer lithiu m battery does have a better quality than the lithium-iron phosphate battery, but at present, it has hindered with the development of new energy, but in general, the ternary polymer lithium battery is better.

1. Lithium-iron phosphate battery: refers to a lithium ion battery using lithium-iron phosphate as a positive electrode material. The positive electrode materials of lithium ion batteries mainly include lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, ternary materials, lithium-iron phosphate and the like. Among them, lithium cobaltate is the positive electrode material used in most lithium-ion batteries.

2. Ternary polymer lithium battery: refers to the lithium battery of lithium nickel cobalt manganese ternary positive electrode material for the positive electrode material. There are many kinds of positive electrode materials for lithium ion battery, mainly lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickelate, Ternary materials, lithium-iron phosphate, etc.

3. Reflect the difference in materials, uses and processes.

A battery is a device for energy conversion and storage that converts chemical or physical energy into electrical energy through a reaction.

A battery is a chemical power source consisting of two different compositions of electrochemically active electrodes that make up the positive and negative electrodes. The two electrodes immersed in an electrolyte that provides media conduction. When connected to an external carrier, it converted by internal chemical energy provides energy.

Lithium-iron phosphate battery and ternary battery material system is different, lithium-iron phosphate is 3.2V voltage platform, cycle life is more than 2000 times, ternary battery is 3.6V voltage platform, cycle life depends on different manufacturers, different models and the process, some do 500 cycles, and some can do more than 1000 cycles. The high temperature performance of the iron lithium battery is good, and the low temperature performance of the ternary battery is good. Lithium battery-iron more safety. 

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