Lithium cobalt acid will gradually be replaced by other positive materials

It is observed that lithium cobalt acid will gradually be replaced by other positive materials. Lithium cobalt acid has the advantages of simple production process and stable electrochemical performance, and it is the first to achieve commercialization. Lithium cobalt acid has the advantages of high discharge voltage, stable charging and discharging voltage, and high specific energy. It has important applications in the field of small consumer electronics batteries. Due to the rapid development of the consumer electronics market, lithium cobalt acid is a lithium battery. Positive material accounts for the largest proportion of sales.

The disadvantages of lithium cobalt acid positive electrode materials are mainly:(1) high cost and unfavorable to environmental protection. The shortage of cobalt resources is expensive, and cobalt is radioactive, which is not conducive to environmental protection; (2) Lower than capacity utilization. The actual utilization specific capacity of the battery is only about 50 % of its theoretical capacity of 274 mAh/g; (3) Short battery life. Lithium cobalt acid has a cycle life of only about 500 times, because its anti-overcharging performance is poor, and a slight overcharge can cause a rapid reduction in the battery cycle life and is not suitable for batteries; (4) Poor security. Lithium cobalt acid battery overcharge may occur lithium dendrite short circuit, causing safety accidents.

The ternary material synthesizes the advantages of lithium cobalt acid, lithium nickel acid and lithium manganese acid to form a three-phase co-melting system of LiCoO2 / LiNiO2 / LiMn O2. Due to the obvious ternary synergistic effect, its comprehensive performance is better than that of a single combination compound..

Compared with the lithium cathode cobalt acid material, the ternary material has a price advantage, and at the same time has improved the cycle stability, thermal stability and safety performance, and has a broad market prospects. However, its application is mainly affected by the price of cobalt. When the price of cobalt is at a high level, the price of ternary materials is lower than that of lithium cobalt acid, and it has a strong market competitiveness. However, when the price of cobalt is low, the advantage of ternary materials over lithium cobalt acid is greatly reduced.

Lithium manganate has the advantages of abundant manganese resources, low price and no toxicity. The disadvantage of LiMnO2 as a positive electrode material for lithium-ion batteries is that although the capacity is high, it is unstable at high temperatures, and it is easy to change to the spinel structure during charging and discharging, resulting in excessive capacity attenuation. At present, large-scale positive material manufacturers in China are actively developing high-temperature cycle improved lithium manganate materials. The application of lithium manganate material is concentrated in the consumer battery market. It is mainly mixed with lithium cobalt acid for use in low-end steel shell batteries, or is used separately for power batteries. Power batteries are mainly electric bicycle batteries.

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