The advantages of solid state batteries are very obvious

If the term is explained in textbooks, simply a solid-state battery is a battery that uses a solid electrode and a solid electrolyte.

When everyone is worried about the mileage of new energy vehicles, recently, overseas battery experts said that solid-state batteries are expected to be widely used within five years.

Small and light, fast charging, long life and safety have become the pain point of electric vehicles and even all electrical equipment. The saying that the battery has gotten is not a hole in the wind. Today, many players are pointing their attention to solid-state batteries.

When the entire electric vehicle industry is betting on the future of solid-state batteries, what is the beauty of this battery?

First, there is no gas in the solid-state battery, no liquid, all materials exist in solid form, and the stability and safety are better than lithium batteries. The solid battery itself has high safety, high temperature stability, flexibility that may be achieved, etc. Multi-functionality;

Second, the energy density of solid-state batteries is generally twice that of lithium batteries, which directly determines the cruising range of pure electric vehicles. If the current bottleneck of pure electric vehicles for lithium batteries is only about 500 kilometers, then solid-state batteries are used. The pure electric vehicle's battery life anxiety can be completely solved;

Third, the solid-state battery is smaller, lighter and thinner, and can adjust the shape of the battery according to the needs. As a result, the battery layout of the pure electric vehicle can be more flexible, and it will not excessively encroach on the interior space, and the weight of the vehicle. Then solved;

It is understood that solid-state batteries have higher energy density and higher safety, do not cause side reactions at high temperatures, and do not have to design a complex thermal management system like a ternary lithium battery, which can save costs and reduce weight. A simple comparison: Tesla-Panasonic's 85 kWh battery pack has a mass of 900 kg, while the solid-state battery startup SeeoInc has the same capacity of 323 kg.

The advantage is obvious enough, the player is crazy enough

Honda

Honda Motor said that the company is considering the development of a new generation of all-solid-state batteries with high energy density for electric vehicles to meet emission standards.

Honda spokesperson Teruhiko Tatebe said: "We have been researching all-solid-state batteries very early, but we have not yet cooperated with other car companies." Japan's Kyodo News Agency reported that both Honda and Nissan are developing all-solid-state battery electric vehicles. Nissan did not immediately respond to this.

Toyota

Toyota Motor Corporation's deputy director Didier Leroy said that by 2025, a new generation of battery "solid-state batteries" that can extend the life of electric vehicles will be introduced.

DidierLeroy met with reporters at the Tokyo Motor Show that solid-state batteries have the potential to greatly improve their cruising range and may become game changers. He said that Toyota is investing more than 200 people in development. At the same time, he also stressed that Toyota's patents on solid-state batteries are the world's number one, but he did not disclose when the electric vehicles equipped with solid-state batteries will be on sale.

It is reported that Toyota established the electric vehicle development department in December 2016, and in September this year, it established a new company to develop electric vehicle basic technology with Denso and Mazda.

Toyota officially announced on December 13, 2017 that it will reach a battery cooperation agreement with Matsushita Co., Ltd. to jointly develop the feasibility of electric vehicle square batteries, and finally apply it on Toyota's electric vehicles.

In fact, as early as 2010, Toyota has introduced solid-state batteries with a cruising range of more than 1,000 kilometers. The prototype of the solid-state battery introduced by Toyota is mainly composed of four layers of 10 x 10 cm sheet structure. The composition of the positive and negative electrodes and the battery body is composed of lithium cobaltate, graphite and sulfide, and the average voltage is 14.4 v.

BMW

In December 2017, BMW announced a new partnership with battery technology company SolidPower to develop and plan to commercialize the solid-state battery technology for electric vehicles.

It is understood that the solid company has produced a battery made of the company's inorganic materials, which can achieve higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries, meaning that it can be larger in the same size and volume. Energy and longer usage time.

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In December 2014, Volkswagen acquired a 5% stake in QuantumScape, a US startup technology company dedicated to the development of new solid-state battery technology.

Fisker car

Electric car startup Fisker announced in 2016 that the company's first car will be equipped with graphene hybrid supercapacitor technology. But the plan was put on hold and switched to a traditional lithium battery to charge the car.

However, the latest news shows that Fisker is currently applying for a patent for a new solid-state electrode, which will have some unimaginable specifications.

According to reports, Fisker's solid-state battery uses a three-dimensional electrode, which has an energy density 2.5 times that of a conventional lithium-ion battery. According to Fiske, the technology allows electric vehicles to reach more than 500 miles, while charging takes only one minute, faster than at the gas station.

Hyundai Motor

According to foreign media reports, Hyundai is independently developing solid-state batteries for use by its electric vehicles. Hyundai has established pilot production facilities. Industry insiders told reporters: "Modern is conducting research and development of solid-state batteries through the battery research and development team of Nanyang R&D Center (Namyang R&DCenter), and has achieved certain technical level."

Hyundai Motor is participating in and/or providing financial support for various advanced solid-state battery R&D projects, including: Korea Ceramics Technology Institute (KICET) and China's Tsinghua University, Hanyang University, Korea, and led by John Goodinav. University of Texas at Austin.

Hitachi

According to Takashi Tanisho, president of Hitachi Johnson, Hitachi has already sent samples of solid-state batteries to potential customers in thespecial and automotive industries. In addition, Hitachi is working with an undisclosed Japanese battery manufacturer to refine some of the details and put the solid-state battery on the market by 2020 and may not be sold under the Hitachi brand.

Dyson

British appliance giant Dyson announced that it will mass produce an electric car in 2020. The battery pack is a detachable box-type solid-state battery pack that is installed in the engine compartment of a conventional fuel vehicle.

It is understood that the solid-state battery pack developed by Dyson's battery company Sakti3 is lighter and more energy-efficient than lithium-ion batteries, further reducing the weight of the battery pack and the requirements of the control system. The battery pack will be available in two capacities to accommodate short- and long-haul users at a lower price.

Bosch

Bosch has been actively researching and producing solid-state batteries. In 2016, Bosch acquired an American battery company called "Seeo." Bosch and Seeo also established a new plant with Japan's famous GSYUASA (Tangshhao) Battery Company and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, focusing on solid-state anode lithium-ion batteries.

German mainland

According to Reuters, the German auto supplier mainland is currently considering increasing investment in battery production. CEO Elmar Degenhart said in an interview that the mainland may invest more in the production of innovative batteries, and the mainland will not invest in the current Lithium-ion batteries are being used, but a new generation of solid-state battery technology that is expected to be put into production in 2024 or 2025.

Borore, France

As the world's first company to commercialize solid-state batteries in the field of electric vehicles, the electric car "Bluecar" of Borole, France, is equipped with a 30 kWh metal lithium polymer battery (LMP) produced by its subsidiary Batscap using Li-PEO. -LFP material system, 2,900 of these electric vehicles have been put into use.

At present, Bologre in France, Sakti3 in the United States and Toyota in Japan, these three represent the development direction of typical technologies of three solid electrolytes of polymers, oxides and sulfides.

Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in view of the bottleneck problem of excessive solid-state interface impedance in the development of solid-state batteries, the research team of the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process of the Chinese Academy of Sciences creatively proposed a solution of “in-situ self-forming solid electrolyte” to effectively reduce the interface impedance and improve the overall performance of the battery. At present, Qingdao Energy Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a 6-inch large-capacity ternary solid-state lithium battery, which has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and good safety performance.

On January 15, 2017, the solid-state lithium battery developed by the institute went to the sea with the deep submersibles of the Deep Sea Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and set off for the deep sea demonstration in the Mariana Trench. This is the first independent research and development in China. High energy density, high performance all solid state lithium battery.

Ningde era

Sulfide solid electrolyte is an important research and development direction in the Ningde era. Dr. Liang Chengdu of Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. stated that the Ningde era improved the overall ionic conductivity of the battery system by using hot pressing to improve the interface contact, and improved the sulfide material to improve its stability. Further.

However, the manufacturing aspect is a big challenge. The production process and process are completely different from the traditional lithium-ion battery. The Ningde era has carried out a series of material research and process development, and has been active in the industrialization of solid-state batteries. The bureau of cloth.

Jia Wei

On November 15, 2016, Jia wei Co., Ltd. released the world's first solid-state lithium battery and fast-charged lithium battery in Shanghai. At the same time, it said that it will fully accelerate the combination of solid-state lithium battery and fast-charge lithium battery, which will provide a deeper level of security. Combine with super performance.

Recently, Wei Wei shares an investor's question on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange's interactive platform. “The lithium battery factory has entered the stage of installation and commissioning of the equipment. It is expected to be officially put into production in the middle and late December. The battery to be mass-produced is mainly fast charging. Solid-state battery.

In addition, the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Dalian Institute of Chemicals and other research centers, as well as Jianrui Woneng, Hanrui Cobalt, Ganfeng Lithium, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Dangsheng Technology, Tianjin Lishen and other listed companies are also in Recently, it is said that research on solid-state batteries is underway.

Of course, solid-state batteries are not perfect, and there are still two technical difficulties in the current large-scale use.

First, the overall low conductivity of the solid electrolyte leads to its low overall rate performance, large internal resistance and slow charging speed.

Second, the cost of solid-state batteries is still high at this stage, and the production speed is slow. In the past few years, solid-state batteries have been limited in capacity, and more can only be used in small electronic products.

The good news, however, is that in March 2017, John Goodenough, one of the inventors of lithium batteries, and his research team at the University of Texas at Austin's Cokerel School of Engineering released a new study. The research results are described as a new "breakthrough" in the field of solid-state batteries.

For his latest discovery, John Goodenough said: "Cost, safety performance, energy density, charge-discharge ratio and battery cycle life are all factors that are of concern in the development of electric vehicles. We believe that our findings can solve the current battery field. There are many inherent problems."

From the era of lead-acid batteries to the era of nickel-metal hydride batteries and today's lithium battery era, the exploration of new energy vehicles has been centered around the development of batteries. The policy has over-emphasized the electric vehicle industry, but it has undeniably stimulated the battery. Technological innovation.

Technological progress is always good.

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