How to fix too many battery coding bugs?

By the end of last year, the number of new energy vehicles in China had reached 1.8 million, and some new energy vehicles that entered the market in the early stage have entered the stage of scrap and recovery. According to the data, it is expected that by 2020, China's accumulative scrap volume of power batteries will reach 120,000 ~ 170,000 tons. The market value of recycling cobalt, nickel, manganese, lithium, iron and aluminum from used power lithium batteries will exceed 5.3 billion yuan in 2018, 10 billion yuan in 2020 and 25 billion yuan in 2023. Under this premise, the problem of power battery scrap recycling also surfaced. At present, the recycling and utilization links of power batteries are in chaos, which is not only a single link of scrap recycling, but the whole industrial chain. Based on this, this newspaper has planned a series of reports of "examination on the recycling of power batteries", and conducted in-depth investigation from multiple perspectives to understand the real status of the recycling field of power batteries.

Previously, in order to ensure the recycling and utilization of power batteries, CMRC issued the "notice on the opening of the vehicle power battery coding filing system", hoping to achieve the traceability through the "vehicle power battery coding filing system". On February 26, the ministry of industry and information technology, the ministry of science and technology, the ministry of environmental protection and other seven departments jointly issued the "interim measures for the management of new energy vehicle power battery recycling and utilization" (hereinafter referred to as the "interim measures"), also once again stressed that the battery can be added to identify the code, as a recycling ring, to form a closed loop management. However, while this system is recognized by the industry, many people think it is difficult to achieve the ideal state in the implementation process.

Zhang tianren, NPC deputy and chairman of tianneng group, pointed out during this year's two sessions that the upcoming scanning system will not be able to scan the code once the battery is out of shape or the code is arbitrarily altered. At the same time, if the whole process of sales, collection, transfer, disposal and so on adopt the method of scanning code, it will cost a lot of manpower and material resources. For example, a recycling enterprise with a disposal capacity of 300,000 tons will produce 1,000 tons of batteries for electric vehicles every day for 10 months. That is to say, about 220,000 batteries will be disposed every day. Therefore, this scan code mode is not strong operability.

Coding is not a master key

Can coding really shape closed-loop management to effectively recycle power batteries? , secretary general of the China association of renewable resources recycling scrap car branch ying white said: "there are many reasons for resulting in the loss of power battery, coding system can control from the source, through the roots to build new energy sources vehicle power battery products available, go back, node, controlled the whole life cycle of traceability management system, and this is also the purpose of the interim measures"." The establishment of the coding system, to a certain extent, provides a reference execution basis for the upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain, such as the main engine plant, battery plant and government regulatory departments. Undoubtedly, it standardizes the originally chaotic market, has positive significance for the healthy development of the industry, and has a far-reaching impact on environmental protection. Moke, chief analyst of lithium research, agreed that coding is the most appropriate way to ensure the full life cycle management of power batteries under current technology and management conditions.

However, zhang also stressed that due to the complex and variable reasons for the loss of power battery recycling, such as tax, market regulation, etc., it is obviously not enough to regulate the market behavior by relying on a single code system, and the fundamental solution to the problem requires the cooperation between policies and enterprises. Cui dongshu, secretary-general of the national passenger car market information association, also said that once the power battery enters the recycling stage, especially the stage of cascade utilization or scrapping, it is difficult to effectively control the code. According to the current management measures, the battery monomers (cells), modules and battery packs all need to have codes. In this way, while forming the regulatory closed-loop industrial chain, there is also a three-level coding problem in the vehicle-mounted power battery pack, and even a second-level coding problem is very likely in the cascade utilization link. "Once the power battery is decommissioned as the vehicle-mounted battery, it will enter the scrap recycling link, such as the cascade utilization link, and the battery pack will be reorganized and then re-coded. Secondary coding may make management more difficult. Cui dongshu explains.

Scan code system behind the problem

Many people in the industry agree with zhang tianren's opinion that the battery cannot be scanned after it is deformed or the code is arbitrarily altered, and that a large amount of scanning will increase the cost. In fact, at present, coding has been running through every aspect of our life, and zhang tianren's problems can be seen everywhere in our daily life. Supermarket checkout scan, due to the bar code wrinkles or unclear and other problems, unable to successfully scan; You put a new code on the old code and the old code loses its validity; Express companies have increased their workload due to the need to scan codes at each transit station... Once power batteries enter the age of scanning codes, these problems seem inevitable.

"Take the 18650 lithium ion battery as an example. When the battery factory produces monomers, the PACK factory will combine multiple monomers in parallel and gradually form a module, which in turn forms a PACK for the whole vehicle factory and finally enters the hands of consumers. In retirement and pilot use link, a power battery reverse change, again a PACK into a single module, each module may be split into a single string, can reuse single served to form a new module, there is no use value will be split into monomer, restore to the original state, is then completely apart into material. So, from a morphological point of view, the coding system for power batteries is much more complex than what we see in common products. Zhang ying told reporters that the coding system to the enterprise brings the most direct problem is the increase in the cost of information input, the amount of data monomer code is too large, and the monomer code may not be continuous. The question of how to code alone requires careful consideration, one that includes enough useful information without incurring too much cost and leaving no holes. In the face of such huge data, there will be many difficulties in practical operation.

It should be noted that the service life of an electric vehicle is about 5 to 10 years, and it will be scrapped later. In other words, the code of power battery will not be decommissioned until 5 to 10 years after the electric vehicle is decommissioned, entering the stage of cascade utilization or scrap recycling. The chance of code corruption is not entirely absent, and it seems doubtful that existing codes will be scanned successfully in 5-10 years' time, once new techniques or patterns emerge. At the same time, due to different battery models and different manufacturers, it is inevitable to have differences in the code, and with the increase in the number of power batteries, the database management behind the code is also a major test. The implementation of coding system is to improve the efficiency of supervision. However, who will supervise? How to regulate effectively? Taking electronic drug regulatory code as an example, the problem of unprofessional technology and data rent-seeking inevitably appears in government regulation. Entrusted third party supervision can serve the public, how credibility is also a problem.

How to solve the coding problem?

Zhang ying believes that with the establishment and improvement of the battery recycling system, the cost of battery collection and transfer and the problems behind the coding system can be solved to some extent. For example, with the improvement of the recycling system, to recycle an old battery, it is only necessary to scan the code of its battery body, rather than enter the individual number one by one, so that a car can be traced to its source only once or several times. "The battery code is like the car frame number or the engine number. The registered frame number is convenient to manage the circulation of the car, so is the battery code. Of course, a very small number of code changes cannot be ruled out, but I don't think they are enough to affect market norms. Zhang ying said that the coding system can indeed help achieve closed-loop management and promote the effective management of power batteries from production to scrap, but it also inevitably brings about a series of problems, requiring new technologies and new methods to solve the related problems and improve management efficiency.

In an interview with the reporter, moke believes that coding is the most effective way to improve the recycling and utilization of power batteries at present. While getting support from all parties, as a new thing, it will inevitably give rise to some new problems, and how to better solve these problems needs to be explored in the development. "We must note that the regulatory role of ensuring the full life cycle of power batteries is more significant than some of the management issues associated with scanning codes." Mo ke said, "now power battery market, for example, some vehicle registration ministry of on-board battery is 30 ℃, 28 ℃, but the actual capacity is defraud subsidies also harm the interests of consumers. At present, we should first solve problems like this one, which is the main contradiction. After that, other problems will be discussed. Zhang ying also thinks: "in practice, coding classification increases the workload in the production process of power batteries, but solving the problem of data storage is only an investment, and will not become a big bottleneck. Starting from the basic level of coding, the enterprise's own management also has a great role in promoting. Of course, we also call on the state to give some subsidies or policy dividends to alleviate the pressure on enterprises to upgrade.

In addition, zhang ying suggested that the power battery to achieve closed-loop management, in addition to the coding system can be more attempts. Such as standardizing battery production standards, building a battery recycling system, applying for national policy support, popularizing the awareness of national recycling, strengthening market behavior supervision and so on. "All of these can to some extent promote the lawful production, use, recycling and reuse of batteries. We can do more while implementing the coding system. Ying white said.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.