Interpretation of emission standards for battery industry pollutants

The battery industry pollutant discharge standard (gb30484-2013) is of great significance for China to fulfill the international environmental protection conventions and strengthen the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution. The environment ministry interpreted it as follows:

1. What is the setting of the battery industrial pollutant emission standard?

China is the world's largest producer and exporter of batteries. Among them, the export volume of zinc-manganese batteries exceeds 60%, the export volume of secondary batteries exceeds 65%, and the export volume of solar cells exceeds 90%. At the same time, with the rapid development of automobile, electric vehicle, communication and other industries, the battery industry in China still has a large space for development.

Battery industry is the key industry of heavy metal consumption and emission. In recent years, heavy metal pollution accidents have occurred frequently. The state has issued the "12th five-year plan for the comprehensive prevention and control of heavy metal pollution" and other documents to comprehensively strengthen the environmental supervision of heavy metal industries such as the production of lead batteries. At present, China's battery industry to perform the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996) and "the integrated atmospheric pollutant discharge standard" (GB16297-1996), low barriers to entry, pertinence is not strong, it is necessary to implement stricter emissions standards, improve industry admittance threshold, environmental protection department decided to formulate "battery industrial pollutants emission standards".

2. How does the battery industrial pollutant emission standard improve the emission control requirements?

First, the emission limits for pollutants have been generally tightened, including those for lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, zinc, manganese and silver in existing and newly established battery enterprises, as well as those for unorganized emissions at the factory boundary. The second is to enhance the operability of the standard, and clarify the pollution factors that should be controlled by different battery enterprises. Three is to reflect the total control principle, set different types of battery unit product standard displacement; Fourth, the applicability of the standard is further strengthened, and the maximum allowable emission rate which is difficult to operate in practice is removed. Fifth, special emission limits for pollutants applicable to environmentally sensitive areas were added.

3. What is the emission control level of the battery industrial pollutant emission standard?

The pollutant emission limits set in the battery industry emission standards are stricter than the current national comprehensive emission standards, and also stricter than some current local emission standards, equivalent to the average control level of developed countries. In areas with serious accumulation of heavy metal pollution, it is necessary to formulate and implement stricter local emission standards, or set stricter control requirements through environmental assessment approval and emission permits. For this reason, the standard clearly states: "this standard is the basic requirement for the emission control of battery industry pollutants. The local people's governments at the provincial level may establish local standards for the discharge of pollutants for items not specified in these standards. Local standards for the discharge of pollutants that have been specified in these standards may be formulated to be more stringent than these standards. If the eia document is more stringent than this standard or local standard, the approved eia document shall be followed.

4. What are the expected costs and benefits of the battery industrial pollutant emission standard?

After the implementation of this standard, it is estimated that the annual discharge of waste water from the battery industry can be reduced by 700,000 tons; COD emission can be reduced by 448 tons; Lead and cadmium emissions in water were cut by 3.74 tons and 0.04 tons respectively, and lead emissions in the atmosphere were cut by 15 tons. Accordingly, the battery industry needs to increase investment in environmental protection, with an additional investment of about 1.6 billion yuan and an annual operating cost of 200 million yuan. From the perspective of controlling heavy metal pollution, promoting technological progress and structural optimization of the battery industry, the expected environmental benefits and investment intensity are appropriate, and the cost of reaching the standard is affordable for the battery industry. Of course, some enterprises that rely on "environmental dividend" will be eliminated due to backward technologies and severe pollution.

5. What are the feasible standards for the battery industry?

Enterprises should adopt whole-process control measures to prevent and reduce the generation and discharge of pollutants. In terms of raw materials, the emission of toxic and harmful substances can be reduced by substituting raw and auxiliary materials. In terms of products, the consumption of heavy metals such as lead can be reduced by changing the product structure (such as r&d, application and promotion of lead-carbon batteries) to reduce pollutant emissions; In terms of process equipment, the consumption of raw and auxiliary materials and the pollutant discharge load of contaminated products can be reduced by adopting internalization, automatic assembly and other technologies. In terms of pollution control, the total amount of pollutants discharged is reduced through deep treatment of waste water, reuse and multi-stage treatment of waste gas. In terms of environmental management, measures such as strengthening environmental supervision and monitoring and improving management system should be taken to reduce environmental risks and curb heavy metal pollution accidents.

6. Why does the new standard add regulations on environmental quality monitoring around enterprises?

Metal pollutants can be concentrated in the crowd, soil and water around the enterprise, with long-term, cumulative, hidden and latent characteristics. Even if the enterprise meets the emission standards, long-term accumulation will cause some pollution to the surrounding soil, plants and people, thus causing pollution accidents. To find out environmental problems and solve the cumulative environmental pollution, the basic means is to strengthen environmental monitoring. The national environmental monitoring "twelfth five-year" plan ", "about strengthening lead battery and the regenerated lead industry pollution prevention work notice and relevant local policies and regulations are put forward to strengthen enterprise environment monitoring requirement of heavy metals, the recent environmental protection department of the national key monitoring enterprise self monitoring and information disclosure (try out)" and "national key pollution source monitoring enterprise supervision and monitoring and information disclosure (try out)" to build enterprise put forward the requirement to monitoring and reporting system, one of the fundamental, principled provisions included in this standard.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.