How many years can an electric car battery working? Is there a warranty?

How many years can an electric car battery working? Is there a warranty?

With development of automotive industry, energy of automobiles is also demanding greener, pollution-free. Electric vehicles are expect to achieve this, but electric car is still only a small amount on the market. Which is save money: electric cars or oil cars? How long does electric car battery working?

First, the classification of power batteries

Electric vehicle batteries are divided into two categories, batteries and fuel cells. The battery is suitable for pure electric vehicles, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-based batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, secondary lithium batteries, and air batteries. Fuel cells are dedicated to fuel cell electric vehicles, including alkaline fuel cells (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), and direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).

Among them, nickel-metal hydride batteries are only used in Toyota's non-plug-in hybrid vehicles, and are not suitable as a separate power source. Lead-acid batteries are mainly used in low-speed electric vehicles, which is also known as the "old man". Lithium batteries are the most widely used electric vehicle power batteries. Lithium batteries are divided into many types according to different materials. At present, the mature applications are mainly ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. The models that use lithium batteries in the market are basically these two types of batteries.

Second, lead acid may require a dog belt, nickel-hydrogen is a carnival of Toyota alone, and lithium battery is king!

Let's start with a lead-acid battery. Lead-acid batteries are estimated to be familiar to everyone. Most of the electric vehicles that everyone runs are lead-acid batteries. This type of battery has the following advantages: low production threshold, low price, and lower requirements for protection circuits and equalization circuits. The production of lead-acid batteries does not require high technology. Basically, the small workshops of the past can produce them. However, this kind of battery has very shortcomings, and the discharge current is small. Usually, the car that we say is not good because of the small discharge current, and it also causes the lack of power to cause the car to run unsatisfactorily. The speed of such a battery as a power battery will not exceed 60km/h. In addition, there is a short life, which is about to be replaced in about 3 years.

Then let's look at the nickel-metal hydride battery. This type of battery is only used by Toyota itself. Let's talk briefly about the advantages and disadvantages of this type of battery. The advantage is higher than the energy density: 1.5-2 times that of the nickel-cadmium battery; environmental protection; no memory effect; long cycle life: can be recycled more than 500 times under the correct use conditions. The disadvantage is that the self-discharge rate is high: the self-discharge rate is 30 to 35% at full power and normal temperature; the high temperature performance is poor; the gas is exhausted during overcharge and over discharge.

Lithium battery says that lead acid, you cannot run

The two lithium-ion batteries also have different "temper", first talk about the ternary lithium battery. More representative vehicles include Tesla, Beiqi E200EV, Jianghuai IEV5, Chery eQ, etc. It is characterized by high energy density, large volume capacity, good battery consistency, good battery consistency and mature production technology. In this type of battery, the theoretical cycle life is about 1500 times. In actual use, the complete charge and discharge cycle is more than 800 times, and the control battery discharge is in the state of 25%-75%, and the actual use can reach more than 1200 times. See here, do you want to say, 800 times, 1-day charge 1 time, less than 3 years will not work? Here, I want to explain, the concept of complete cycle. Refers to the battery is fully charged, then put it out, count a cycle. If you use 75% from 100% every day, then fill it up, then 4 days is a complete cycle, and the life can reach 10 years. With a typical ternary lithium battery electric vehicle running for 200 kilometers, the actual cycle can also travel 180 kilometers in one complete cycle, and 144,000 kilometers in 800 cycles. It is normal attenuation, and there is no pressure on 120,000 kilometers. In the frequency of 60 kilometers per day, it can be used for 10 years. If you pay attention to the shallow charge and maintain the battery, the 1200 cycles, 150,000 kilometers, basically cover the life of the family car, that is, the battery and the car have the same life, no need to replace the battery in the whole cycle.

The battery has the same life as the car, and there is no need to replace the battery during the entire cycle.

Let us talk about lithium iron phosphate battery, representative models are BYD Qin, BYD Tang, BYD E6, Tengshi, Jianghuai IEV4. This type of battery is characterized by a long cycle life and can reach more than 2000 cycles. The charge and discharge rate is high, that is, it can have a larger charge and discharge current. Good safety, no problem with bending and puncture high temperature. The disadvantage is that the energy density is lower, the same battery life needs to use more batteries, correspondingly increase the weight and cost; the consistency is worse, need a better battery management system; the low temperature attenuation is more obvious, the capacity will be reduced by 10% at 0 °C Left and right, and the capacity will be reduced by about 30% at -20 degrees.

In the winter, the same car has a large gap between the South and the North. 2000 cycles have been more than enough for pure electric vehicles. Even for Qin, which has only 70 kilometers of battery life, 2000 cycles can support Qin Chundian's driving of 140,000 kilometers. Counting the mileage of using gasoline, it is no problem to cover the life of the whole car.

Third, what if there is a problem?

There may be friends who think that there is no car in the car. Once the battery has problems in the life span, what should I do? Is it costly to repair? First, the state requires new key components of the new energy vehicle (battery, electronic control), motor) provides no less than 5 years or 100,000 km warranty, and since 2016, provides no less than 8 years or 120,000 km warranty. In this cycle, the repairs are completely free, and some manufacturers provide a longer warranty period than this. Take BYD Qin as an example, the factory provides "the warranty of 6 years or 150,000 kilometers and the life of the battery. Warranty, SAIC Roewe E50 provides a three-year and 100,000-kilometer warranty for the entire vehicle. It also provides a core component warranty for batteries of 5 years and 100,000 kilometers. BAIC offers a five-year, unlimited-kilometer commitment to the E150ev battery.

Then, after the insurance, what should I do if the battery fails? Is it necessary to change the battery pack? It really needs to be replaced, but the cost is not tens of thousands of people's hearts, because there is no need to replace the entire battery. Just replace the corresponding piece or pieces of faulty battery. The cost of a single battery is only a few hundred dollars. When it comes to working hours, one or two thousand dollars should be cheaper than fuel truck maintenance. At this point, the worry that there will be high battery replacement costs during the use of electric vehicles can be eliminated.咱 You can choose the new energy car that suits you with confidence. You don't need to pay any extra cost for the battery during the whole process, you can enjoy the different experience brought by the new energy car.

Daily maintenance of new energy vehicle batteries

Regular inspection

Regardless of the car, regular inspections of the condition of the car are essential. If the mileage of the new energy vehicle suddenly drops sharply during the use, it is very likely that the battery pack has a problem and should be checked and repaired in time.

2. Charging time should not be too long

New energy vehicles should not overcharge, over discharge and undercharge, which will shorten battery life. In addition, if the battery temperature exceeds 65 ° C during the charging process, the charging should be stopped immediately to avoid danger.

3. Please start gently

If a new energy vehicle slams and accelerates at the start, it will cause a large current discharge of the battery, and a large current discharge will easily produce lead sulfate crystals, thereby damaging the physical properties of the battery plate and affecting the service life of the battery.

4. Charge battery for a long time.

When battery store in a depleted state, it is prone to sulfation, and the lead sulfate crystal is attached to plate, which is also dangerous for the battery.

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