What is the reason why the mileage of electric vehicles becomes smaller under the cold weather?

Friends who have used electric cars may have such common sense: The weather turns cold. Whenever it is obvious that electric cars have not run far before, friends who have not accumulated experience in this area may wonder whether batteries are not working. What's wrong with the electric car? But through the test, found that the electric vehicle every accessory is no problem, is not far? What's going on? Today, the old driver popularized the use of electric vehicles in winter for the majority of car owners and countermeasures:

When the ambient temperature drops, the power that the battery can store decreases, and the electric car can not run far because the battery storage capacity is insufficient. At present, most electric vehicles are lead-acid batteries. Generally made of hard rubber or transparent plastic rectangular shell(prevent acid leakage), equipped with multiple layers of electrode plate. Among them, there is a layer of tan lead dioxide on the positive plate, the negative pole is spongy metal lead, and both poles are immersed in sulfuric acid solution. When there is a chemical reaction inside the lead-acid battery, the ambient temperature will play a major role. The energy stored by the battery is proportional to the ambient temperature: When the ambient temperature drops, the amount of electricity that the battery can store decreases. This is the principle problem of lead-acid batteries, which can not be solved at present.

2, the temperature drops, the charging method is not the same as in summer, when the ambient temperature drops, the battery must be charged frequently, and when the battery's remaining power is recharged between 30 % and 50 %, it can not only avoid the loss of the battery's early capacity, but also avoid over discharge; If you often carry people and climb slopes, it is recommended that the remaining power can be charged at 50 %; If you usually turn on very little, 60 % -70 % of the battery power will not be used for a week, it is recommended to charge it once; If it is placed outside or for a long time, the battery generates self-discharge and causes "running power". The battery loss will seriously affect the battery's service life. It is recommended to charge it once a month.

3, the temperature drops, even more should not overload speeding, if the electric vehicle is often overloaded, speeding, the electric power will appear demagnetizing or aging with the increase in use time, thus affecting the energy conversion rate of the motor, affecting the torque and endurance of the motor. Prevent battery aging. Maintenance on a regular basis, which is beneficial to improve life. It is recommended that the owner not replace the motor, controller, do not buy low-end cheap accessories, must replace the original accessories in a professional repair shop.

4, the temperature drops, tire pressure problem should pay more attention, develop a good habit, regardless of spring, summer, autumn and winter, travel, test the front and rear tire pressure of electric vehicles, tire pressure is the pressure inside the tire. In general, the tires produced by regular manufacturers are marked with the most suitable tire pressure range. For qualified electric vehicles, fetal pressure is the most reasonable to maintain at 310-380kpa. Electric vehicles in the case of insufficient tire pressure, will certainly bring greater friction resistance to electric motor. In the same journey, the pressure is low, the tire force area is large, will consume more power, can not run, can not run far.

5, other problems can not be ignored, such as braking, braking failure, will inevitably increase the workload of the motor, resulting in the continuous large current discharge of electric vehicle batteries, the shortening of the mileage is inevitable. Bearing problems, due to the long use of water, or wear, resulting in increased resistance, increased power consumption, will lead to weak electric vehicles. In such cases, the bearings should be replaced or lubricated. There are also chargers, wires and so on.

In short, when the weather turns cold, the amount of electricity that the battery can store drops, and the running is certainly shorter than in summer. This is a normal phenomenon. When the temperature rises, the battery capacity will be normal. In addition, electric vehicles are a whole. Each accessory works with each other. No matter which part has a problem, it will affect the mileage. Therefore, when you buy an electric car, you can not only plan cheap. You must choose a good word of mouth, and the quality is poor. Don't say winter, it is not far in summer.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.