Which one is better, sodium or lithium?

The traditional battery using the liquid electrolyte and metal oxide as the anode material, with a cation in the migration of solid-liquid interface through electrochemical energy storage.The lithium battery organic electrolyte is the band gap of the window, but it LUMO under alkaline earth metal and flammable.If the battery voltage (Fermi level) is lower than the lithium metal anode of Fermi level (1.3 ev) that of the battery cathode form an SEI film to prevent the electrolyte in the cathode release reduction reaction.When the high voltage lithium ion batteries SEI film of lithium from the anode material will reduce the capacity of the battery.At present, use the power of the mobile devices on the market for the most part are using carbon negative, but its capacity is very low volume, and the anode oxide in working voltage higher than 4.3 v (vs.+ / Li Li), the structure of the material becomes unstable.Therefore, need an expensive system to manage complex battery charging and discharging process.People try to use lithium alloy anode to improve the volume of the battery capacity, but failed.Sodium metal due to low cost, and easy, has attracted the attention of people.But is generally lower than sodium battery capacity lithium battery, and can't achieve a goal.

Recently, the University of Texasat Austin JBGoodenough team from the United States on the Energy&environmental science published titled "Alternative strategy for asaferegeable battery" articles reported a new type of glassy state of solid electrolyte, at room temperature of the electrolytes of lithium ion and sodium ion mobility of SCM for 10-2-1, and can effectively restrain the growth of the lithium/sodium dendrite, greatly improving the safety performance of the battery.Traditional liquid electrolyte battery safety performance are threatened, but this article puts forward through the electrolyte of lithium surface plating/sodium layer to improve the performance of the solid-state batteries.And this is the difference between a battery with traditional, did not have the negative behavior embedded, it shows the location of the reaction in the center of the electrolyte in response.

This layer on the surface of solid electrolyte lithium plating/sodium method is worth people to rethink the safety development direction of the battery.The author also puts forward, to replace traditional to take off the embedded type electrode materials with low-cost electrolyte with the reaction center, can greatly improve the energy density and cycle life of battery performance and safety.

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