Lithium Ion Battery Life Cycle-Care And Degradation

As a rechargeable battery, lithium-ion battery provides power for people through the cycle of charging and discharging. However, the cycle life of lithium-ion battery is limited. It will gradually lose the charging capacity after many times of use. In order to maximize the cycle life of lithium-ion battery and maximize its cost performance ratio, it is very important to learn how to care about the cycle life of lithium-ion battery.

How long will a lithium ion battery normally last

Compared with other types of batteries, such as lead-acid batteries, the recyclable life of lithium-ion batteries is quite long. Under normal circumstances, the service life of a lithium-ion battery is about two to three years. In these two to three years, lithium-ion batteries can charge and discharge about 500 cycles, which is quite long compared with other mainstream batteries on the market. When the charging capacity of the lithium-ion battery is lower than a certain value, the charging function of the battery will become unavailable, and the service life of the lithium-ion battery will reach the end. Generally speaking, the service life of lithium-ion batteries depends on the manufacturing process and components as well as some external factors.

The external factors that affect the cycle life of lithium-ion battery mainly include the charging state of the battery, the storage location of the battery and the temperature and humidity. It should be noted that the storage of lithium-ion battery must be far away from high temperature. Higher temperature may damage the internal structure of the battery, resulting in battery swelling or leakage. Therefore, high temperature can be said to be the most destructive factor for lithium-ion battery.

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How can you make your lithium ion battery last longer

The correct use of lithium-ion battery can well maintain the service life of the battery. Here will introduce many tips in the use of lithium-ion battery：

·Storing lithium-ion batteries at room temperature. High or low temperatures can damage lithium-ion battery, which means you'd better store them in a standard indoor environment between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. And the storage environment should be dry enough, and the air humidity should be around 65RH.When using the battery, do not expose it to high temperature above 60 degrees, which may damage the battery.

·In the process of using lithium-ion batteries, it is better to avoid complete discharge. Lithium-ion batteries, unlike nickel cadmium batteries, have no memory effect, which makes it unnecessary for them to use deep electric cycles, which may lose their capacitance. Moreover, in the case of full discharge, the voltage of lithium-ion battery may be lower than 2.5V, which will lead to the lithium-ion battery unable to be charged, so it is necessary to use an instrument with boost function to keep the battery in use. However, there is an exception. Some experts suggest that the lithium-ion battery should be fully discharged after every 30 charge discharge cycles, because the long-term continuous partial discharge will make the lithium-ion battery produce a memory effect called digital memory, which will reduce the accuracy of the internal device of the battery, and complete charge and discharge can help you to re-calibrate it.

·When storing lithium-ion batteries, a certain amount of power should be reserved for lithium-ion batteries. You need to reserve about 50% of the storage capacity of the lithium-ion battery, because the lithium-ion battery has a low self discharge rate, leaving part of the power for the battery can ensure that the voltage of the battery will not be too low. And if the battery is idle for a long time, you should charge it at least once every six months (you don't have to fully charge it, charge it to about 50%) to maintain its voltage. It is better not to store the battery in the charging state on the charger. Although modern lithium-ion batteries have complete overcharge protection function, it will still damage the performance of the battery.

·Choosing the right charger when charging lithium-ion battery. You'd better use the battery manufacturer's original charger or follow the battery specifications and instructions to select the appropriate charger and charge it in the appropriate way. The overcharge resistance of lithium-ion battery is weak, which can cause great damage to lithium-ion battery and even cause explosion. However, most of the modern lithium-ion batteries are equipped with protection board (independent protection circuit) to prevent overcharge, over discharge and overheating. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a lithium-ion battery with protection board.

If you find that the running time of your lithium-ion battery has dropped to less than 80% of the original running time, and the charging time required for battery charging has become much longer, it means that your battery's cycle life is about to run out. Please consider replacing it with a new lithium-ion battery.

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Why does lithium ion battery degrade

Lithium ion battery has no memory effect, but after long-term use, the performance and capacity of lithium-ion battery will always decline. There are many reasons for lithium-ion battery degradation, including the following four points:

·The mechanical degradation of the electrode or the stack pressure loss in lithium-ion batteries. This is related to the current when the battery is charged and discharged. Moderate charge and discharge current can effectively alleviate the degradation of the battery structure. At present, the current of about 1C is the most appropriate. However, reasonable battery design and the correct electrolyte additives can also greatly reduce this degradation.

·The growth of solid electrolyte interface in the negative electrode of lithium-ion battery will form a barrier layer to block the interaction with graphite, which will lead to the increase of internal resistance of lithium-ion battery. Choosing the correct electrolyte additive can reduce the probability of this problem.

·Lithium ion battery cathode electrolyte oxidation, which will lead to the loss of battery capacity. The battery voltage is too high or the temperature is too high can lead to this situation. Therefore, the use and storage of lithium-ion batteries should pay attention to prevent overcharge and high temperature.

·Because of the high charging rate of lithium-ion battery, the negative electrode of lithium-ion battery is easy to be plated with lithium. This will result in a decrease in the capacity of the battery.

Although the lithium-ion battery has superior performance and long cycle life, improper use is likely to accelerate the aging of the battery and even damage the battery. It is necessary for battery users to carefully understand the characteristics and defects of lithium-ion batteries, so as to better play the role of batteries.