What battery does electric car usually use, lead-acid battery or lithium battery?

Advantages and disadvantages of lithium battery and lead-acid battery:

Lead-acid battery

1: gold bell cover iron cloth shirt (hard!) Lead-acid boss has been in line with his strong. Lead-acid batteries are easy to feed, so you can continue to use them after a little repair.

2: cabbage price (cheap!) The reason why the leader of lead can cross the battery society for many years and sit on the leader's position is because of this reason! 

3: recycling and recasting (recyclable and reverse repair) lead-acid battery comes with recyclable skills. After being used out, you can go to the electric car store to exchange the old for the new, and you can exchange a new set of batteries after making up the price difference to minimize the loss, which is a great benefit to users.

Now that I have finished my studies, I would like to take a look at the disadvantages of lead-acid battery: large volume and weight, limited battery capacity, short life span, lead-acid battery is generally in deep charge and discharge 400 times or less, with memory, and the life span is about two years.

The lithium battery

1: ancestral light work (light weight, small size) since childhood light work into lithium battery and the market equivalent capacity of lead-acid battery, lithium battery volume is lead-acid battery volume 2/3, weight is about 1/3 of the weight of lead-acid battery. Lithium-ion batteries have more capacity than lead-acid batteries of the same size, and weight loss adds about 10% to the battery life of electric cars.

2: health durability (life expectancy) lithium battery is deep health, the average life of lithium battery is about 4 years, than the lead acid battery life is about 1.5 times higher, charge and discharge more than 500 times, the battery has no memory, strong earthquake resistance.

3: ancestral qidong exportation method (over charge resistance, good charge-discharge resistance) lithium battery since childhood through the odd eight pulse, make it under normal temperature, lithium battery can be continuously charged for 48 hours without the battery expansion, leakage, rupture and other accidents, the capacity remains above 95%. And under the special charger, you can charge and discharge quickly.

Lithium battery has many advantages, but its disadvantages are more obvious.

Lithium battery production cost is high, the production equipment expensive labor costs accounted for about 40% of the production cost, the price of lead-acid battery is about three times. Moreover, lithium batteries are not recyclable, so they can only be thrown away if they are worn out or buried in a place. After thousands of years, later generations will dig them out as antiques.

The most important problem is that lithium battery has fire and explosion safety hazards, especially in the case of consumers in the unsuspecting circumstances by unscrupulous traders led to the purchase of inferior lithium battery, in the electric vehicle this sealing condition is not very good, easy to damp lead to poor contact and other reasons may lead to the existence of safety hazards. But now the technical performance of lithium battery is also improving, is also using high security materials, there may be security risks also small make up meaningless worry, perhaps after a long time is the world of lithium battery may not be.

Which is better, lead-acid battery or lithium battery? At this stage, it can only be determined by demand.

Lithium battery is better. Lithium batteries are more than 3 times higher than lead-acid batteries in terms of volume to energy and weight to energy. Lithium batteries are smaller and lighter. Long cycle life. The cycle life of lithium battery used in electric vehicle is generally more than 800 times, lithium battery using lithium iron phosphate anode material can reach about 2000 times, exceeding the lead acid battery 1.5 ~ 5 times. This greatly reduces the cost of lithium battery, extends the service life, and improves the convenience of use.

Ii. Comparison between lithium battery and lead-acid battery

1. Battery capacity

Lithium battery capacity is generally 8-10 ampere, lead-acid battery capacity is about 20 ampere.

2. Driving kilometers

The same 48V battery, in full charge of the case, lithium battery and lead-acid battery electric vehicles are able to travel 30 to 40 km, its speed depends on the size of the motor used.

3. Durability

Lithium battery is durable, slow consumption, charge and discharge more than 500 times, and no memory, the general life of 4-5 years. Lead-acid battery is generally in deep charge and discharge within 400 times, with memory, life of about two years. If the use of maintenance-free lead-acid battery, it is important to note that the battery water loss is small, the use of generally do not need to add distilled water. In terms of durability, lithium battery has good seismic resistance. The fully charged battery is safely fixed. It vibrates at an amplitude of 4mm and a frequency of 16.7hz for 1 hour. Good overcharge resistance, 25 degrees Celsius, fully charged state of the battery 0.1CA charging 48 hours, no leakage, no expansion and rupture of the battery, open circuit voltage is normal, capacity maintenance rate of more than 95%; High current resistance, fully charged battery 2CA discharge 5 minutes or 10CA discharge 5 seconds, no conductive part fuse, no appearance deformation.

4. Price and warranty period

The battery of current mainstream is 48 volt, if need to change, lead-acid battery is in 380-450 yuan (48v12ah-48v20ah) left and right sides, qualitative guarantee period is 1 year; Lithium battery is relatively expensive, requiring about 1000 yuan (48V12AH), but its warranty period is 2 years.

5. Warranty period

The battery of current mainstream on the market is 48 volt, if need to change, lead-acid battery is controlled in 450, qualitative guarantee period is 1 year; Lithium batteries are relatively expensive, costing around 1,000 yuan, but they have a two-year warranty.

1. Currently, the quantity of lead-acid battery in electric vehicle batteries on the market is higher than that of lithium battery. The reason may be that the cost of lithium battery is still relatively high. Therefore, in the design of existing "lithium trolley" products, the capacity configuration of lithium battery is often reduced to reduce the implementation cost of the whole vehicle, which makes the existing "lithium trolley" product model too simple.

Lead-acid battery and lithium battery can not be simply good or bad, both have advantages and disadvantages, adapt to different needs of the population. At present, lithium electric products on the market are mostly "e-bike" and the range is not very far model, but like four-wheel electric vehicle, four-wheel elderly electric scooter these more distant range of the current situation or more suitable for "lead-acid battery".

Second, lithium ions mainly rely on lithium ions to move between the positive and negative poles to work. In the charging and discharging process, Li+ is embedded and delinked back and forth between the two electrodes: in the rechargeable battery, Li+ is delinked from the positive pole and inserted into the negative pole through the electrolyte. Discharge is the opposite. Generally, lithium is used as the electrode of the battery, and graphite is the most commonly used negative electrode at this stage. Compared with lead-acid battery, lithium battery has the advantages of light weight, large specific capacity, long cycle life and so on. As an electric power source for the elderly, lithium battery is not only lightweight, portable and convenient to charge, but also conducive to the "lightweight and simplified" design of the vehicle products.

The electrode of lead-acid battery is mainly made of lead and its oxide, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. Under the charge state of lead-acid battery, the main component of the positive electrode is lead dioxide, and the main component of the negative electrode is lead. Under discharge condition, the main components of positive and negative electrodes are lead sulfate.

Four, the two kinds of batteries are not the same except that they are energy storage devices. Lead-acid batteries are safer and cheaper, but they have a lower energy density than lithium, so lead-acid batteries are larger. At this stage, the battery (storage) technology research has not been able to obtain a breakthrough, "low cost, high performance" that the battery has not yet been put into commercial application, existing lead-acid battery and lithium battery can be together the excellent characteristic of transformation and upgrading, as at present and the future for a period of major research topic. It is believed that this will have a clearer direction for the development of the elderly electric scooter and even the entire electric scooter industry in the future.