Lead Carbon Battery – Technology, Advantages, and Manufacturers

Lead carbon batteries are an advanced form of Valve Regulated Lead Acid batteries that make use of a cathode made up of carbon and an anode made up of lead. The carbon on the carbon-made cathode performs the function of a capacitor or a ‘supercapacitor’ that allows rapid charging and discharging along with an elongated life at the initial charging stage of the battery. Lead carbon batteries are Gel sealed batteries that make use of a gel-type electrolyte instead of the typical fluid electrolyte which has the risk of spillage. The gel electrolyte allows the lead-carbon batteries to be robust providing enhanced safety and low maintenance. 

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The electrodes of the lead-carbon batteries perform better than the lead-acid batteries because of the gel electrolyte. Most of the companies producing lead-carbon batteries make use of the nanocarbon or advanced cathode allow materials to produce long-lasting electrodes for the batteries. 

Lead Carbon Battery Technology

Most of the batteries that are used offer fast charging within an hour or more. While the batteries are under the state of charge, they can still offer output energy which makes them operational even under the state of charge increasing their usage. However, the problem that arose in the lead-acid batteries was that it took a very small time to discharge and a very long time to chargeback again. 

The reason that lead-acid batteries took so long to gain their original chargeback was the remnants of lead sulfate that were precipitated on the battery’s electrodes and other internal components. This required an intermittent equalization of the sulfate from electrodes and other battery components. This precipitation of lead sulfate happens with every charge and discharge cycle and the excess of electrons due to precipitation causes hydrogen production resulting in water loss. This problem increases over time and the sulfate remnants begin to form crystals which ruin the charge acceptance capability of the electrode. 

The positive electrode of the same battery produces good results despite having the same lead sulfate precipitates which makes it clear that the problem is within the negative electrode of the battery. To overcome this issue, scientists and manufacturers have solved this problem by adding carbon to the negative electrode (cathode) of the battery. The addition of carbon improves the battery’s charge acceptance eliminating the partial charge and aging of the battery due to lead sulfate remnants. By adding carbon, the battery starts to behave as a ‘supercapacitor’ offering its properties for better performance of the battery. 

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The lead-carbon batteries are a perfect replacement for applications that involve a lead-acid battery like in frequent start-stop applications and micro/mild hybrid systems. Lead-carbon batteries can be heavier as compared to other types of batteries but they are cost-effective, resistant to extreme temperatures, and do not require cooling mechanisms to work alongside them. In contrary to the traditional lead-acid batteries, these lead-carbon batteries operate perfectly between 30 and 70 percent charging capacity without the fear of sulfate precipitations. Lead-carbon batteries have outperformed the lead-acid batteries in most of the functions but they suffer a voltage drop on discharge as a supercapacitor does. 

Lead-Carbon Battery Advantages 

Every battery has its designated use depending on its applications and can not be termed as good or bad in a general way. A lead-carbon battery may not be the most recent technology for batteries but it does offer some great advantages that even the recent battery technologies can not offer. Some of these advantages of lead-carbon batteries are given below: 

1.Lead-carbon batteries have the qualities of a supercapacitor. They do not require a battery management system to be connected alongside them to prevent the occurrence of over-charge or under-charge for a single cell. 

2.The thermal damage effect is minimal in lead-carbon batteries due to their charge-discharge properties. Individual cells are far from the risks of burning, exploding, or overheating. 

3.Lead-carbon batteries are economical batteries. They offer a very high value of storage capacity in terms of kW stored per dollar as compared to recent technologies like lithium batteries. They can offer a double storage capacity for a similar price or a half-price for two batteries of the same capacity based on different technologies. 

4.These batteries are heavier than the traditional lead-acid batteries but still not heavy enough to require lifting machinery. Even the battery packs of lead-carbon batteries can be carried using manpower without any risk of human harm or injury. They contain gel electrolytes, which makes them even safer for applications where vibrations or shocks are to endure by the battery modules. 

5.Lead-carbon batteries are a perfect match for on-grid and off-grid systems. This quality makes them a good choice for solar electricity systems because they offer high discharge current ability. 

6.Lead-carbon batteries are free from the phenomenon of over-charging which makes them free from heating issues. Also, their constant charge and discharge nature eliminates the need for any cooling fans or cooling systems that may be required with other battery technologies of the same rating under the same applications. 

7.Lead-carbon batteries offer high energy density and can provide constant and stable outputs for longer periods as compared to other battery technologies like AGM/GEL and Lead Flooded Batteries. 

8.The chemical reactions inside the lead-carbon batteries do not allow the formation of any chemical residues. Therefore, the lead-carbon battery is free from any harmful or toxic gases that can be harmful to humans or the battery itself. 

Lead-Carbon Battery Manufacturers 

Every few months or years a new technology for the batteries arises. But still, the need and demand for technologies like lead-carbon and lead-acid batteries will always have their place. Lead-carbon batteries have found their way into a lot of human applications. To keep up with the increasing demands of consumers, lead-carbon batteries are being manufactured around the world in different specifications and different qualities. The top producers of lead-carbon batteries are from China, Japan, and the United States of America. Some of the most famous and most trusted lead-carbon battery manufacturers are: 

1.Duracell 

2.Renogy 

3.North Star 

4.Kilo Vault 

Optima Batteries