Deep Discharge Battery-Meaning, Fixing, and Discharging Methods

In this era, every day, we see new gadgets and technologies coming into the market. From a mobile phone to a remote-controlled car, they all come with a battery. Be it any device, they all need to get charge for them to perform any function. In today’s fast-paced world, there is nothing worse than a discharged battery.

There are so many devices and appliances that use a battery that has the potential of deep discharge as well. Well, if you are new to the concept of deep discharging, then, further in this article, you will get to know all the information related to these batteries and some ways to fix the deeply discharged battery.

What does deep discharge battery mean?

A deep discharged battery is more commonly known as an over-discharged battery. Deep discharging in a battery takes place when the battery gets discharged to its full capacity. When a battery is fully charged, it contains potential electric energy, and when the battery gets discharged, the process of charging gets reversed; and during this time, the stored potential electric energy helps the electronic component to function. It is vital here to highlight that all the batteries have a cut-off point. This point is nothing but a voltage point; at this point, the battery gets fully discharged. There are many battery manufacturers who prefer to write the cut-off voltage point for different discharging rates.

The cut-off voltage of a battery is very sensitive when it comes to the discharging rate of a battery. In simple words, if the discharge rate of the battery is high, then the cut-off voltage of the battery will be low and vice versa. The cut-off voltage of the battery is sensitive to the operating temperature of the battery as well.

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In the case of over-discharging, the electric discharge in the battery is around 1.5 to 2 times more than the normal or average capacity of the battery. Therefore, it becomes extremely challenging to charge a deep-discharged battery. This is due to the increased internal resistance of the cell. Following mentioned are some devices and appliances whose batteries can reach the level of deep discharging:

• Recreational Vehicles

• Traffic Signals
  

• Motorized Wheelchairs
  

• Recreational Fishing Boats
  

• Energy Storage System Of Solar Power Plant
  

• Golf Carts
  

• Highway Electric Vehicles
  

• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
  

• Power For Equipment At The Remote Sites
  

• Sump Pumps
  

• Audio Equipment
  

• Industrial Instruments And Equipment
  

• Forklifts
  

• Electric Floor Sweepers
  

• Small Boats
  

• Off-Grid Energy Storage For Wind Power Systems
  

If you own any of the devices as mentioned above, you might know that the batteries of such devices are quite expensive due to their electric power storage; therefore, you must protect your batteries from getting over-discharged to secure the load and the lifespan of the battery.

How do you fix a deep discharge battery?

One of the most common benefits of deeply discharged batteries is that a user can use these batteries for a long period of time if they are maintained properly. If you already have a deep discharged battery, then you do not have to buy a new one immediately. The best part of these batteries is that you can fix them, and they will be ready to use. No doubt there are few requirements and certain pre-requisites, but you can fix them.

As mentioned earlier, in the case of a deep discharged battery, its internal resistance increases, and the discharging rate increases up to 1.5 to 2 times the normal capacity. If you want to fix the battery, you need to examine the existing voltage point of the deep discharged battery, which is less than the cut-off voltage.

To make it easy, let us learn this with the help of an example. Let’s take an extensively used 4.2 V Li-Po battery whose voltage level has reduced to 3.7 V, and the internal resistance power of the battery has increased. The damage is said to be significant when the voltage level reaches 3.0 V; at this stage, it takes a lot of time to charge these kinds of batteries.

In order to fix the issue, you must have a smart charger as this is a pre-requisite. In the beginning, for the stage of 0 V to 3 V of the battery, you need to charge it at a 1/20 C charge rate. Well, it is vital here to remember that you cannot leave the battery unattended while the charging process is taking place. Make sure that you are touching the battery often in order to know whether it is getting hot or not. If it gets hot, you need to reduce the charging rate. When you find that the battery is charged up to 3.0 V, increase the rate of charging to a 1/ 10 C rate. Once the voltage level reaches 3.7 V, you can charge the deep discharged battery at a higher 1/ 2 C rate until it gets up to 4.2 V.

It is to remember here that you need to charge the battery very slowly; you must gradually increase the rate of charging. After charging, you can use the batteries for their application. But once the battery is fixed, check the battery puffs and see if too much heat is generating because, in this case, the battery cannot be fixed further.

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How much can you discharge a deep cycle battery?

It all depends on the usage rate of the battery, but you must never discharge the battery below 80% of its capacity. When you discharge a battery below this point, the battery will most likely get damaged, and it can become quite a task for you to revive the battery. Therefore, you need to maintain the battery properly.

Some Closing Thoughts:

Well, that’s all for a deep discharged battery. If your appliance has a deep discharged battery, then you must use it in a correct manner so that it does not become challenging for you to fix it again. However, you can consider the points mentioned above to recover a deep discharged battery.