What's the difference between a lithium battery electric car and a common battery electric car?

The biggest difference between a car battery and a cell phone battery is that the environment experienced by the car is very different from that of the phone. The car will experience various vibrations during operation, as well as the intrusion of water, dirt, and sand from the outside environment. Therefore, the outer casing and base of the battery pack are essential.

The base of an electric vehicle battery pack existing in the world is generally made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel, and the outer casing combined with the automobile chassis may be made of a composite material added with glass fiber.

The battery pack will undergo three-dimensional vibration during the test, and it is equivalent to more than 10 years of wind and rain (spray from different directions of dust and water), to ensure that there is no foreign matter in the battery pack, so that the drip does not leak.

It is worth noting that the battery pack has a wire connection with other components of the car, and the connection between these wires and the battery pack is also required to drip.

Users will also expect their electric cars to perform well in all weather conditions 365 days a year. The car battery pack directly affects the acceleration and cruising range of the car, which is quite different from the performance of the mobile phone battery.

The temperature management system ensures that the temperature of each cell is constant throughout the year. The use of batteries in extreme heat conditions ensures timely heat dissipation and prevents battery life from diminishing or exploding. Use the battery in extreme cold weather to ensure that the interior of the battery is warm enough that it does not affect performance and life.

The heat dissipation of the battery is carried out by the liquid coolant flowing through the bottom of the battery pack, and then directly contacted with the single battery by the excellent thermal conductivity cooling plate. Or direct air cooling, that is using a built-in electric fan.

The heating and warming of the battery is done by the heater, and the power of the heater comes from the battery itself. Therefore, the cruising distance of electric vehicles in winter will be slightly reduced.

Another challenge comes from charging in extreme environments. Since the car is turned off while charging, the temperature management system needs to be automatically activated when the charging is known, and the internal temperature of the battery pack is maintained, that is, when the entire car is in a sleep state, the battery pack is still It is awake.

Lithium batteries are lighter than other batteries with the 　　same energy (watt hours) , so lithium electric vehicles can be made lighter.

For battery maintenance, the charger used for lithium batteries is a dedicated charger that cannot be mixed with other electric vehicles.

Lithium batteries are more expensive than other batteries, but have a better service life.

Durability:

Lead-acid batteries are generally deep and deep-discharged within 400 times, with memory and life expectancy of about two years. If you are using a maintenance-free lead-acid battery, you need to be aware that the battery has less water loss, and you do not need to add distilled water during use. Lithium batteries are more durable, consume less, charge and discharge more than 500 times, and have no memory. The general life expectancy is 4-5 years.

According to experts, in terms of durability, the lithium battery has good vibration resistance. The battery in a fully charged state is safely fixed. It vibrates for 1 hour with an amplitude of 4 mm and a frequency of 16.7 Hz. No leakage, no battery expansion and rupture, open circuit voltage Normal; good overcharge resistance, 25 degrees Celsius, fully charged battery 0.1CA charge for 48 hours, no leakage, no battery expansion and rupture, open circuit voltage is normal, capacity retention rate is above 95%; resistance to high current, The fully charged battery 2CA is discharged for 5 minutes or 10CA for 5 seconds, and no conductive portion is blown, and there is no appearance deformation.

Volume and quality:

Generally, the lead-acid battery pack has a weight of 16-30 kg and a large volume; the lithium battery is generally 2-6 kg, and the volume is relatively small, so the ride is light and convenient to carry. As far as quality is concerned, it is difficult to define the two, and consumers can purchase batteries produced by regular manufacturers according to their own needs.

Price, warranty period:

At present, the mainstream battery on the market is 48 volts. If it is replaced, the lead-acid battery is about 700 yuan, and the warranty period is 1 year. The price of lithium battery is relatively expensive, it needs about 1200 yuan, but the warranty period can be 3 years.

Driving kilometers:

The same 48V battery, in the case of full charge, lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion battery electric vehicles can travel 30-40 km. The speed depends mainly on the size of the motor used.

battery capacity:

The capacity of the lead-acid battery is about 20 amp hours; the capacity of the lithium battery is arbitrary.

Environmental protection:

After the state promulgated the "Leading Battery Industry Access Conditions" in 2012, the lead-acid industry has undergone restructuring and integration. Most of the manufacturers have adopted internalization into cadmium-free and arsenic-free green production, which is more environmentally friendly and more energy-efficient, only during the recycling process. Improper use may cause pollution; lithium batteries are relatively greener in terms of production and recycling.

Generally speaking, it is compared in several aspects (lithium battery and lead acid battery (ie ordinary electric vehicle battery)):

1. Weight: The lithium battery is light in weight, and the lead-acid battery is heavier in weight. The car using the lithium battery is generally lighter and more convenient to use;

2, the price: lithium battery price is higher, lead-acid battery price is cheaper, generally the same capacity lithium battery price is four times the price of lead-acid battery, resulting in higher replacement cost in the future;

3. Lifespan: In theory, the life of lithium batteries is longer than that of lead-acid batteries (normally), but the maturity of lithium batteries is much worse than that of lead-acid. There are few stable products that are mass-produced by enterprises.

4. Contamination: The use of lithium batteries is non-polluting. Lead-acid batteries contain lead and acid. Improper handling may cause environmental pollution. For example, throw the battery directly into the garbage (but it seems that ordinary people can't bear it!);

5, other: There are many differences, such as charging characteristics, current characteristics, etc. are not easy for ordinary consumers to elaborate;

One of the most important obstacles to the current lithium battery is the safety issue - the explosion. Although many companies are currently promoting the stability of products, similar situations are still appearing, including the case of cell phone battery bombing, and electric vehicle lithium. The battery capacity is much larger than that of the mobile phone battery. The power of the explosion can be imagined. I believe that in the near future, the lithium battery will have a large market space after solving the safety problem and the price problem.

Generally speaking, it is compared in several aspects (lithium battery and lead acid battery (ie ordinary electric vehicle battery)):

1. Weight: The lithium battery is light in weight, and the lead-acid battery is heavier in weight. The car using the lithium battery is generally lighter and more convenient to use;

2, the price: lithium battery price is higher, lead-acid battery price is cheaper, generally the same capacity lithium battery price is four times the price of lead-acid battery, resulting in higher replacement cost in the future;

3. Lifespan: In theory, the life of lithium batteries is longer than that of lead-acid batteries (normally), but the maturity of lithium batteries is much worse than that of lead-acid. There are few stable products that are mass-produced by enterprises.

4. Contamination: The use of lithium batteries is non-polluting. Lead-acid batteries contain lead and acid. Improper handling may cause environmental pollution. For example, throw the battery directly into the garbage (but it seems that ordinary people can't bear it!);

5, other: There are many differences, such as charging characteristics, current characteristics, etc. are not easy for ordinary consumers to elaborate;

One of the most important obstacles to the current lithium battery is the safety issue - the explosion. Although many companies are currently promoting the stability of products, similar situations are still appearing, including the case of cell phone battery bombing, and electric vehicle lithium. The battery capacity is much larger than that of the mobile phone battery. The power of the explosion can be imagined. I believe that in the near future, the lithium battery will have a large market space after solving the safety problem and the price problem.