What is the output voltage of the battery？

People often say: The storage battery voltage of 12V. The 12V mentioned here refers to the most basic parameter of the battery - the nominal potential (unit V). A single lead-acid battery has a nominal potential of 2V, and the nominal potential of a battery connected by six single-cell strings is 12V. The power supply for electric vehicles is generally composed of 2 to 5 12V batteries connected in series to form 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V battery packs. Here, it refers to the nominal potential of the battery pack, which is the characteristic of the active material used in the battery and the theoretical value of the decision.

In fact, there are differences in the voltage and nominal potential of the battery under different conditions. For example, a normal lead-acid battery with a nominal potential of 12V is at the end of the charging process, the charging polarization reaches a maximum value, and the voltage can reach 14.4V or higher; at the end of the discharge, the discharge polarization reaches a maximum value. The voltage can be as low as 9V. After charging or discharging is stopped and left for a few hours, the polarization voltage (concentration polarization) disappears completely. The potential of this 12V battery can be between 13.8V (after filling) and 11V (after discharging). The difference is caused by a change in the state of the active material inside the battery.

The capacity of the battery voltage of 12v is 2.2AH, 7AH, 14AH, 17AH, 24AH, 32AH, 45AH, 60AH, 80AH, 105AH, 120AH, 160AH, 198AH.

A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called a chemical battery, and is generally referred to as a battery. After discharge, the internal active material can be regenerated by charging - storing electrical energy as chemical energy; and converting the chemical energy into electrical energy when discharging is required. Such a battery is called a battery (storage battery), which is also called a secondary battery.

The so-called battery is an electrical chemical device that stores chemical energy and discharges electric energy when necessary.

The battery is 12V. There are also 24V and 6V, 12V for household cars, 24V for large trucks, and 6V for emergency lights.

Note: The lead battery has a voltage of 2 volts per cell. Most of the batteries on the market are 6 volts and 12 volts. It can be designed as a series of single cells. If two common 6 cells are used in series, it is 24 volts. Need to be determined.

1. The voltage before the normal start is above 13V. If it is lower than 12V, it will lose power. After starting, it will be above 14V. The minimum voltage to start the car is 11V or more.

2. Electric vehicles can be divided into two types of batteries and fuel cells. The battery is suitable for pure electric vehicles and can be classified into lead-acid batteries, nickel-based batteries (nickel-hydrogen and nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-defence and nickel-zinc batteries), sodium batteries (sodium-sulfur batteries and sodium). Nickel chloride battery), secondary lithium battery , air battery and other types. Fuel cells are dedicated to fuel cell electric vehicles and can be classified into alkaline fuel cells (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), and proton exchange membranes, fuel cell (PEMFC), direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and other types.

3. There are slight differences with the types of electric vehicles. In a pure electric vehicle equipped with only a battery, the battery functions as the sole source of power for the vehicle drive system. In a hybrid vehicle equipped with a conventional engine (or fuel cell) and a battery, the battery can play the role of the main power source of the vehicle drive system or act as an auxiliary power source. It can be seen that at low speed and start-up, the battery plays the role of the main power source of the vehicle drive system; when it is fully loaded, it acts as the auxiliary power source; it acts as a storage energy during normal driving or deceleration and braking.

The battery discharge end point is 10:5 volts, and the charging end point is 13:5 volts, which is normal between the two, which is related to how much electricity is still in the electric pond. In winter, the battery has a poor discharge capacity. It takes 11 volts for fire and 10:5 volts for summer. Influenced by factors such as vehicle conditions, fuel (gasoline, diesel), temperature, altitude, etc., it cannot be generalized.

1. According to the battery industry standard: the "terminating charging voltage" of the battery, rechargeable battery, etc. is about 1.2 times the rated voltage. The charging is completed when the voltage is 1.2 times when charging. For a 12V battery, the termination charging voltage is (12V x 1.2) 14.4V. Below 14.4V is undercharged and can damage the battery.

——★2, rechargeable battery, battery have two fears: overcharge and over discharge. Therefore, the rechargeable battery is protected. Mobile e.g. lithium battery, its charge termination voltage (3.6V × 1.2 fold) ≈4.3V

——★ 3, 12V battery is charged with 16V2.2A power supply, there must be a termination charging voltage setting. In addition, the charging current is also important, and a reasonable range should be set according to the battery capacity.

The battery voltage should be about 13 volts at no-load voltage, and the load voltage should be no less than 11 volts. It is difficult to start below this voltage. After starting, the generator should start generating 12 volts. The voltage should be between 13.5-14.5. The .24 volt car is between 27 volts and -29 volts. The generator voltage is measured after starting. Since the battery and the generator are operated in parallel, the battery voltage cannot be measured at this time. Your battery is 11 volts. I don't know if you are using a battery meter or a multi-meter. If you use a multi-meter, it is obviously a bit low. It seems to be a loss of power. Otherwise, the measurement after startup should not be biased. Low, if so, you should remove the battery for supplementary charging, otherwise it will have a certain impact on battery life.

Battery full voltage: 13.8V-14V

Related:

Charger output voltage: 13.8V-14.8V

Discharge termination voltage: 10.5V-11V