Will the trend in the next decade be cylindrical, square or soft-packed lithium batteries?

It is a very boring technology popular science article. We also thought about whether you would be interested in these technical details. But I believe that certainly there will be someone interested in battery has three kinds of shapes. At the same time in the future on the technical development of new energy vehicles, how can you find a breakthrough from the battery. You can find the answer in this content.

Power battery with energy storage battery is the two scenarios of battery technology application, the energy storage battery corresponds to the solar energy equipment, power battery is corresponds to the new energy vehicles.And battery technology, led by Japan and South Korea enterprise, the enterprise once, long ago will power battery encapsulation type for the three forms: cylindrical, rectangular and soft package, intuitively their difference only lies in shape, but at the same time they also have different in technology development and application perspective, so little battery may happen because of the different shapes of the difference?This is our main contents of this issue.

Japan's SONY, invented in 1992, 18650 lithium-ion batteries, it has become by far the most common cylindrical battery design, such as 5, 7, alkaline batteries are using this shape design.In time, because the battery application scenario for the more, the square headed by Samsung SDI batteries and LG led by Huawei Soft package battery design is also entering the market, at present the three kinds of technology are also for application in the new energy automobile products.

In the new energy cars, three types of battery market pattern is stable at present, there is no best, only better different national car companies have different recognition for three types of battery technology.I recently attended a soft package battery technology training, so also want to in today and you chat, the content of the feedback to our actual application level, these three kinds of different shape of battery what's the difference.

Change the unchanged, no matter how to change shape is to follow the basic principle of

Because of manufacturing packaging in a different way, three types of battery are obviously different in shape.But with the battery itself, there is no influence to the working principle of manufacturing standard methods is mainly aimed at different working conditions, equipment application and more diversity of an example is not very serious, like a cake is made into different shapes, but the raw material for fermentation principle is the same.Simply put, lithium ion in the electrolyte from negative to positive, complete a discharge, again by the positive to negative, to complete a charge.So three different shapes of battery design, will comply with the technical principle of the battery itself, but, due to the different shapes on manufacturing molding into winding and superposition of two different processes.

Cylindrical battery

All three of the shape of the battery will be sent to you by cylindrical winding, square winding and eventually turned into a cylindrical, rectangular and square overlay soft package of batteries.But at present only cylindrical battery have consistency on manufacturing standards, known as cylindrical battery, for instance, is divided into 14650, 18650, 21700 models, a lot of people think this is a kind of cell types, but its just represents a cylindrical battery the size of the standard.In 18650, for example, it is the most mature standard cylindrical battery, the type 21700 is through continuous technological progress, likely in the next to replace 18650 type into a cylindrical battery product of choice for new energy vehicles.

Square battery

Square cell plasticity and will become more stronger, can according to pick up the product for the specific needs of customized design.So caused the current size, regardless of the manufacturing process or application standards, the classification is not quite as clear as cylindrical battery.But also because of its high flexibility, once for a long time in the early days of the application of new energy vehicles, car companies can according to the requirements of vehicle and the square cell size customized design, rather than limited to cylindrical battery standard.Square cells was also regarded as the most suitable battery design of the application of new energy vehicles.The current square battery on many models are adopted, such as BMW I series models, Roewe ERX5, Wei to ES8 and future will be listed in the car and SUV program.

Soft package battery

Soft package of battery is used for the manufacturing of the overlay, so after is more thin volume, under the same capacity density is also the lightest in weight.Similarly, soft package battery can also be customized according to the requirements of application, small to our mobile phone battery, the size of the big to the application on the new energy vehicles.Soft package battery also has been the industry as the first choice for mobile devices, but in automotive applications, but also because of the volume control were also what car brand value, especially for plug-in hybrids, while both the layout and the weight, soft package cell volume advantages more apparent.Currently gm buick VELITE5 / VELITE5, Cadillac CT6 plug, XT5 hybrid models, Nissan Sylphy pure electric battery USES a soft bag.

Comments: three types of battery design respectively, in the form of "in its form" share a place in the market, from the Angle of the design on the three no absolute good or bad.But most mature cylindrical battery because have fixed global standards, from manufacture to application, the whole process of rigor will be higher, according to the standard battery, battery enterprises and car companies to design the application according to the standard, also has the very strong consistency.China on the square battery technology in Europe, tried to VDA standard as a template, but not many references to enterprises, the first choose to use square battery car companies, has also been gradually replace for cylindrical battery, in order to ensure the consistency of the product safety standards.

Square and soft package cell prominent advantage is that can be customized, also appeared different standard, process is differ, car companies and battery suppliers must strictly an agreement on the design and process requirement, obviously for both of us had a higher r&d costs.Now car companies for these three kinds of cells have their own preferences and opinions, will choose more palatable for the type of product research and development, the life after all users are concerned about the vehicle performance and better balance and layout, there is no preference of cell shape.Let's talk again, under the different shapes, three battery design on energy density and safety, and respective what advantage?

2 in the next decade, who will be technology trend?

In the pursuit of energy density and volume weight, how to tie

Three types of battery design on the basis of different shape, also have their own characteristics, the three can through the shell material and the internal design of monomer battery energy density, safety, and weight.We'll take the cake, for example, stuffing represents the energy density of single cells, and flour represents the shell packaging material selection.

Stainless steel shell, once the main packaging materials has been the cylindrical and square cells, due to the difference of technology standards, lighter aluminum frame on the square battery quick promotion, also formed the advantage on the weight.More thin and soft package batteries and because of the pursuit of the process, using the shell weight lighter than aluminium aluminum-plastic film packaging, the degree of thin you can even feel with the hand inside the liquid flow of the battery.

Shell materials of different except directly affect monomer battery weight for the safety of the battery, fever may also be affected, finally, after all, one by one single cells to encapsulate group after a car.The most heaviest hard also steel shell, it need to take into account security technology difficulty is relatively lower, and the aluminum membrane shell most soft and light, manufacturing and packaging group in the monomer, give attention to two or more things arrives the security also requires higher heat dissipation and collision.And square batteries will be depending on the material selection of enclosure, there are the same advantages and disadvantages.

Don't dismiss monomer battery weight in this matter, for the final packet group in the car will be multifaceted impact.Lighter batteries can make a lower overall vehicle weight, thus provides a more automakers layout method.With the progress of technology, the lighter the monomer battery on both the energy density of space.Such as vehicle restrictions can only be loaded in the design of a set of 300 kilograms of battery pack, the lighter obviously monomer, the total energy of the battery pack is higher.

While the use of steel cylindrical shell and the square batteries, when installed to the vehicle body weight control scheme is single.Such as the current mainstream use cylindrical battery of new energy vehicles, the layout of the battery pack is directly in the body, so as to ensure even heavier will not affect the vehicle's weight before and after, but the vehicle ground clearance and the platform of car height will have effect.And some plug-in hybrids, will put cylindrical battery load below, by matching with the weight of the car engine, to balance the weight of the vehicle, but the result is the boot space will be small.

Cell shape is different, the packaging group's safety and on issues such as heat dissipation, the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of battery, there is different.Heavy as cylindrical battery and low energy density, but between the cylinder and the cylinder when the packet has formed a good heat dissipation space, the square is different, if not align the slot tightly together, in addition to the heat dissipation is the problem, between monomer and its security is also difficult to guarantee.Battery will more complex in encapsulation and soft package, to safety, to ensure the heat dissipation, also do not damage the advantage of soft package itself thin volume, you can imagine how complex on packaging group link.Many car companies will carefully consider three kinds of battery design in packaging link costs, for now, rely on the technology difficulty and cost lower cylindrical battery is a good choice at this stage.

Review: simply put, if the square cells also have the same industry standard and cylindrical battery, then the advantages and disadvantages in the application for the two basic and at the same level.Battery because design flexibility but soft package will be stronger, and combines the low weight and high energy density is more obvious advantages, in the future will be more car companies preferred battery type.But instead to the requirement of manufacturing process is also significantly higher than the previous two, the extra cost in the production, packaging and technical requirements, are disguised increased the terminal price of new energy vehicles.So the advantages and disadvantages of battery extreme soft package also makes some car companies, currently USES soft pack battery is the least proportion of new energy vehicles.To put it bluntly, in front of the cost, more enterprises chose concessions to the other two.

In addition, the monomer battery type is car companies in the choice one of research direction Angle, packaging technology is also is the key link.Is a line of new energy car companies have their own battery lab, they are suppliers do secondary battery prototype based on the research and development, and then push the research plan against to the supplier, together with finalize the required battery solutions.Then complete packaging work by yourself or suppliers, the final step after careful layout of balancing finish loading.All links exist in the process of trade-offs, and also the back car companies will choose which kind of battery type of key.

Come back even closer, Chinese battery firms and car companies win-win cooperation

From single cells to vehicle applications, car companies and the battery between enterprises have close relations of cooperation.Cylindrical battery applications, for example, Panasonic and Tesla keep years of technology alliance, general motors and LG chemical also reached consensus on the technology on the soft package of battery technology.Before that, the Samsung SDI also with BMW on the square cells also have a large number of technical cooperation.

Battery supplier to decide the reliable basis of battery technology, secondary development determines the battery car companies eventually applied to vehicle range, weight and safety of the three main problems of performance.The core of the three types of battery technology has long been Japan and South Korea enterprise knowledge, has become the new energy car companies preferred battery suppliers before.And nearly two years, China's battery and new energy car companies compared with abroad, not only in battery technology and application level has greatly shrunk, and practical application in production, quality control and performance, etc have more say, foreign car companies choose China as the preferred supplier of battery enterprises have become the norm.

By 2018, the Chinese battery companies already have cylindrical, rectangular and soft package battery comprehensive technical ability, and on the three kinds of monomer battery energy density also have progress.Battery companies in recent years, China also from cylindrical, rectangular battery to battery technology transition soft package, to Ningde Hin high-tech era, lishen, countries, led by a few companies are choosing the soft package battery technology route.

At the same time, along with the domestic new energy car subsidy standard puts forward higher requirements on the battery energy density, soft package technology became the battery the important means of lightweight and high density, Ningde era, Lishen, earlier this year the porch assume new high-tech three lithium ion power battery project of the enterprise, all chose the soft package battery technology route, monomer batteries energy density achieves 300 wh/kg.But the demand for high manufacturing process, also requires the related market after technology, such as the outer packing of aluminum-plastic film technology and production capacity, high precision of laminated, electrolyte injection technology and packaging equipment.

But on the way to the soft package of battery technology, there are still a lot of realistic problems.First is aluminous model membrane technology cost is high, the domestic technology level is limited, especially in laminated technology on the control, higher demands than winding, qc problems will directly affect the battery life and safety.Want to keep the capacity and quality control of synchronous growth, cell between firms and car companies work together even more crucial.

Conclusion: before the outbreak of new energy, are likely to become a trend

A few years ago, China's new energy automobile power battery is given priority to with square lithium iron phosphate batteries, because the Chinese enterprise own cylindrical battery technology and cost control ability compared with overseas is not prominent.In car companies point of view, can be customized square battery is more conducive to rapid development and design of new energy vehicles.Now, in order to show results, faster when battery and car companies will square as a transitional technology, and the current, cylindrical ternary lithium battery has become the new mainstream.

But this does not mean that which one will be the final technical representative. Cylindrical, rectangular and soft package battery now all have their own unique value for the market. Who can become the new trend can also be affected by the research and development of vehicle speed. But as for us, what is really worthy of our concern is whether their respective advantages can be showed by car companies on the product. White cat black cat, which can catch mice is good cat. Cylindrical, rectangular and soft package battery, which goes farther is a good battery.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.