The difference between lithium battery and lithium polymer battery

Lithium batteries usually include metal lithium batteries (commonly used as button batteries) and lithium ion batteries (also known as lithium batteries). Lithium-ion batteries include liquid lithium-ion batteries (usually known as lithium-ion batteries) and polymer lithium-ion batteries. Typical characteristics of various lithium batteries metal lithium battery: lithium element exists in the form of metal in the lithium ion battery: lithium element exists in the form of lithium ion (usually lithium salt) in the battery Liquid lithium ion battery: electrolyte is liquid polymerization lithium (ion) battery: The electrolyte is in a gel state or a solid state. The packaging material used in the polymer lithium ion battery is basically an aluminum plastic film (soft package), and the liquid lithium ion battery is made of a metal steel case or an aluminum case. Therefore, there is a misunderstanding in the market. The lithium battery of flexible packaging is a polymer lithium battery. In fact, most of the soft-packed batteries produced by domestic manufacturers are still using liquid electrolytes, which are not polymer lithium batteries, and truly do polymer lithium batteries. There are not many manufacturers.

The concept of lithium batteries includes "lithium ion batteries" and "lithium polymer batteries." Lithium-ion batteries are classified into liquid electrolyte lithium ion batteries and polymer electrolyte lithium ion batteries according to the normal temperature conditions in the electrolyte chamber. A polymer battery refers to an electrolyte that is in a solid or gel state and is "advanced" than a liquid electrolyte used in ordinary lithium ion batteries. In production, the liquid electrolyte is injected into the liquid electrolyte after the core is finished, and the polymer battery is coated before the positive and negative laminates before packaging with aluminum plastic. On the positive and negative electrodes or after the coating, the liquid electrolyte is injected at a temperature slightly above room temperature, and after the room temperature, the electrolyte becomes a gel state (polymer state).

Lithium-ion batteries are classified into liquid lithium-ion batteries (Liquified Lithium-Ion Battery, LIB for short) and polymer lithium-ion batteries (Polymer Lithium-Ion Battery, PLB for short) or plastic lithium-ion batteries (Plastic Lithium IonBatteries). , referred to as PLB). The positive and negative materials used in the polymer lithium ion battery are the same as the liquid lithium ions. The positive electrode material is divided into lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, ternary material and lithium iron phosphate material, and the negative electrode is graphite. The working principle of the battery is also basically Consistent. The main difference is that the electrolyte is different. The liquid lithium ion battery uses a liquid electrolyte, and the polymer lithium ion battery is replaced by a solid polymer electrolyte. The polymer can be either "dry" or "colloidal". Most of the current polymer gel electrolytes are used.

A lithium polymer battery refers to a lithium ion battery that is all solid or gel is too electrolyte. Aluminum-plastic composite film is generally used as a packaging material. There are currently only two real lithium polymer batteries in the world. One is Japan's SONY, and the other is China's ATL.

A lithium battery generally refers to an aluminum shell battery, the electrolyte is in a liquid state, and the outer packaging material is an aluminum shell,

Lithium polymer batteries are safer than lithium batteries. Lithium polymer batteries are upgraded products of lithium ion batteries. Compared with the current popular lithium-ion battery, it has the advantages of large capacity, small size (thin), and safety (no explosion). However, due to the time required for the replacement of the entire industry chain, its cost (cost) is still relatively high, and it is only used in high-end digital products (ultra-thin notebook computers, etc.).

It is foreseeable that in the next 5-10 years, lithium polymer batteries will replace the existing lithium-ion batteries! In fact, the penetration rate of lithium polymer batteries in countries such as Japan and South Korea, which are relatively developed in the electronics industry, has reached a certain level. However, China is still relatively backward in this respect. Let us wait and see! It is cheaper to use a lithium polymer battery phone in the near future. I must replace this more secure mobile phone (battery)!

Lithium polymer battery (Li-polymer, also known as polymer lithium battery): It has a variety of obvious advantages such as high energy density, smaller size, ultra-thinness, light weight, high safety and low cost battery. In terms of shape, the lithium polymer battery has an ultra-thinning feature and can be fabricated into a battery of any shape and capacity in accordance with the needs of various products. The battery can reach a minimum thickness of 0.5mm. Compared to lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries have the following characteristics:

1. No battery leakage problem, the battery does not contain liquid electrolyte inside, and uses colloidal solids.

2. Can be made into a thin battery: with a capacity of 3.6V400mAh, its thickness can be as thin as 0.5mm.

3. The battery can be designed in a variety of shapes.

4. The battery can be bent and deformed: the polymer battery can be bent up to about 90°.

5. A single high-voltage: liquid electrolyte battery can only be connected in series with several batteries to obtain a high voltage, and the polymer battery can be made into a multi-layer combination in a single piece to achieve a high voltage because it has no liquid itself.

6. The capacity will be twice as high as the same size lithium-ion battery.

Solid

The solid polymer electrolyte lithium ion battery electrolyte is a mixture of a polymer and a salt, and the battery has high ionic conductivity at normal temperature and can be used at normal temperature.

Gel

The gel polymer electrolyte lithium ion battery adds an additive such as a plasticizer to the solid polymer electrolyte to increase the ionic conductivity and allow the battery to be used at normal temperature.

Polymer

Since the solid electrolyte is used instead of the liquid electrolyte, the polymer lithium ion battery has the advantages of being thinner, arbitrarily area, and arbitrarily shaped compared with the liquid lithium ion battery, so that the battery casing can be fabricated from the aluminum-plastic composite film, thereby It can improve the specific capacity of the whole battery; the polymer lithium ion battery can also use the polymer as the positive electrode material, and its mass specific energy will be increased by more than 20% compared with the current liquid lithium ion battery. The polymer lithium ion (Polymer Lithium-Ion Battery) battery is characterized by miniaturization, thinning, and weight reduction. Therefore, the market share of polymer batteries will gradually increase.

The properties of homopolymer polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene binary copolymer (PVdF-HFP) as polymer lithium ion battery skeleton materials were compared. The research results show that PVdF can be used as the framework material of polymer lithium ion battery to obtain better performance than PVdF-HFP copolymer by appropriate technical means.

Polymer lithium-ion batteries have been matured and commercialized in the world for more than two years. Although sales volume is growing rapidly, its market share is still around 10%, which is incomparable with 90% of liquid lithium battery market share, which is much lower than People's expectations. For various reasons, the price of polymers on the market is generally higher than that of liquid lithium batteries. However, because the competition mode of mobile appliances is quietly changing, especially the design value of polymer batteries for mobile appliances (such as 4mm) Polymer batteries are being recognized by more and more designers such as mobile phones and mobile DVDs. The polymer manufacturers are still confident that the polymer era will come.

The use of color screens and mobile phone functions continues to increase. In order to miniaturize the mobile phone, battery reduction and thinning are the most effective ways. The thickness of the battery below 4mm has become the mainstream trend of thin mobile phone configuration. In terms of cost performance, this is the specialty of the polymer. The effective space left by the mobile phone with irregular shape. Curve and curved surface design becomes irregular shape of the battery space. The liquid rectangular shape does not make efficient use of space and has a low capacity, and the laminated polymer can make the most efficient use of such irregular space to enlarge the capacity. Recently, the arc-shaped battery, trapezoidal battery, and backpack battery introduced by TCL Jinneng Company can increase the capacity of the mobile phone by more than 20% compared with the liquid battery of the corresponding specification. More and more mobile phones are used, resulting in more and more power consumption. The battery capacity is required to increase accordingly. Polymer batteries have significant advantages without increasing the thickness of the battery. Similarly, notebook computers, Bluetooth headsets, PHS phones, mobile DVDs and other appliances are moving in the direction of mobile and portable, all equipped with liquid crystal display, and the functions are increasing, and the LCD screen is constantly increasing. These provide some opportunities for polymer lithium-ion batteries.

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