What are the effects of lithium batteries at low temperature?

In cold weather, many people who use mobile phone outside found that mobile phone battery consumed quickly. Sometimes there will be a crash or touch screen failure. Professor reminds that low temperature has much effect on the cell phone battery. We can make out some method to protect our mobile phone battery when use the battery outside.

Phone's battery is commonly at present lithium battery the chemical reaction speed will be affected by the temperature of the battery. Mobile phone in the low temperature environment for a long time, can make the battery chemistry have been slow to respond, lead to smaller battery discharge current, reduce the capacity of battery, battery may appear quickly, the black screen, crash, touch screen failure, unable to surf the Internet, and so on and so forth. When entered the warm from the cold outdoor indoor, the change in temperature can also lead to cell phones inside condensed water mist, a circuit board short circuit or other malfunction.

Go out in the cold weather, the phone power is enough, as far as possible and reduce playing games, watching movies, listening to music and so on the operation of the power program. The best mobile phone in a pocket, backpack etc. relatively warm place, make and receive telephone can use headphones, and try to avoid mobile phones directly exposed to the cold air. Don't use mobile phone for a long time in low temperature environment. From enter indoor, outdoor place your mobile phone for a period of time, such as spray evaporation before using.

If the phone temporary failures when used in low temperature environment, can be shutdown stop using, and then let the phone in a slightly higher temperature environment to adapt for a while, the situation will improve.

Lithium ion batteries work on the internal principle of electrolytes through the change of the chemical reaction, in is the cathode potential difference so as to generate an electric current. Electrolyte moving rather slowly in low temperature environment, which affects the lithium ion between is negative transfer activity, resulting in a decline in the battery charge and discharge performance.

Say simply, in low temperature environment, it isn't that lithium battery is power off, but electricity was not released properly.

Have analysis data, according to the ordinary lithium batteries at zero degrees centigrade, its capacity will be reduced by 20%, when to minus 10 degrees Celsius, capacity may be only half.

Most of the normal work of the cell phone battery range is between 0 to 35 degrees Celsius, below or above this temperature, is likely to be disorder.

Low temperature is not good for lithium battery, if coupled with low power, that hurt worse, so apple in order to protect the lithium battery, joined the "self protection" mechanism - meet with "low temperature + power" automatic shutdown and unable to boot.

To this, we look at the instructions given apple, the iPhone's ideal working environment temperature 0 ℃ to 35 ℃.When the room temperature to a certain temperature (10 ℃ or so), apple will automatically power off.

Low temperature on lithium iron phosphate batteries the influence of

At present, lithium iron phosphate batteries are applied in electric vehicle batteries, most the battery safety, monomer life longer, but the lithium iron phosphate has a fatal weakness, his performance at low temperature battery slightly less than that of the other technical system. Low temperature of the lithium iron phosphate anode, electrolyte and adhesive is exist. For example, the lithium iron phosphate anode itself with poor electronic conductivity, low temperature environment prone to polarization, to reduce the battery capacity; Affected by low temperature, graphite intercalated-li reduced speed, easy to precipitate in the cathode surface metal lithium, if suspended in lack of time and put into use after charging, lithium metal couldn't embedded inside the graphite again, all part of the cathode surface, the persistence of metallic lithium dendrite formation, likely affect battery safety; Low temperature, electrolyte viscosity increases, lithium ion migration resistance will also increase; In addition, in the production process of lithium iron phosphate, bonding agent is a very key factor, low temperature also can produce great influence on the performance of the adhesive.

Low temperature on lithium titanate battery the influence of

Is also a lithium-ion batteries, lithium titanate battery low temperature resistant performance is more outstanding. Spinel structure of anode materials for lithium titanate intercalated-li potential 1.5 V, not lithium dendrite formation, in the process of charging and discharging volume strain is less than 1%.Nano titanium acid lithium batteries can be large current charge and discharge, realize the low temperature quick charge at the same time guarantee the durability and safety of the battery. Main titanium acid lithium batteries, for example, new energy of silver, its products have normal charging and discharging ability in - 50 to 60 ℃.Lithium titanate battery have the advantage of material still can realize quick charge at low temperature, the capricious, battery difficult to other materials.

Why charge more than the discharge temperature needed?

Many enterprises of normal discharge battery products can realize low temperature, but at the same temperature, realize the normal charging is difficult, can't even charge, when Li + embedded graphite material, must first desolvation, this process will consume a certain energy, hindered the Li + diffusion into the graphite; Instead, Li + in the emergence of graphite materials into the solution, there will be a process of solvent, and solvation does not consume energy, Li + can quickly out of graphite. Therefore, graphite material charge to accept ability significantly inferior to discharge capacities.

Low temperature environment, the battery has a certain risk. Because with the loss of the temperature, the dynamic characteristics of graphite anode of progress a variation, the charging process, the anode electrochemical polarization intensified obviously, precipitation of metal lithium dendrite formation, easily worn out diaphragm across the electrodes and cause short circuit.

Try to avoid lithium ion battery charging under low temperature. When charging when the battery must be low temperature, need as far as possible choose low current (i.e., slow filling) on lithium ion battery charging, and in charge of lithium ion battery fully, thus ensuring metallic lithium can react with graphite anode precipitation, to embed the graphite anode inside.

Industry enterprises and research institutions explore and research on the performance of the battery resistance of low temperature, and focus on the process improvement of the current anode materials, and create conditions for the battery work under low temperature by improving the local environment temperature of the battery. With the further development of technology, lithium batteries will have a further breakthrough in low temperature environment.

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