How to distinguish between rechargeable battery and ordinary battery

Look at the model number of the battery.

If the above reads: "R6P" or "LR6", the voltage is 1.5V. It must be an ordinary battery.

If the above reads: "***MAH", the voltage is 1.2V. It must be a rechargeable battery.

Note: "***" indicates the number.

The difference between rechargeable battery and ordinary battery:

First, the rechargeable battery can be charged, and the ordinary battery cannot be charged.

Second, the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery is small, and the internal resistance of the ordinary battery is large, so the ordinary battery is not suitable for high-current discharge equipment, such as a digital camera.

Third, the rechargeable battery self-discharge is large, the ordinary battery self-discharge is small, so the rechargeable battery is not fully charged without leakage (about half of the leak in about two months).

Fourth, the rechargeable battery is not resistant to storage, the ordinary battery is resistant to storage, so the long-term performance of the rechargeable battery will be greatly reduced, so that it cannot be used.

5. The charging battery terminal voltage is 1.2V, and the ordinary battery will be 1.5V. However, since the internal resistance of the rechargeable battery is small, the pressure is reduced during use, so in most cases, the two can be used universally.

Disposable batteries are commonly referred to as "discarded" batteries, because they are exhausted and can no longer be recharged and can only be discarded. Common disposable batteries include alkaline manganese batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, lithium batteries, silver-zinc batteries, zinc-air batteries, zinc-mercury batteries, and magnesium-manganese batteries.

Rechargeable batteries are different in terms of materials and processes. Commonly used are lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-iron batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, and lithium-ion batteries. The advantage is that the cycle life is long, they can be fully charged and discharged more than 200 times, and some rechargeable batteries have higher load capacity than most disposable batteries. In the use of ordinary nickel-cadmium and nickel-hydrogen batteries, the unique memory effect causes inconvenience in use and often causes premature failure. ,

The rechargeable battery is a rechargeable battery with a limited number of times of charging, and is used with a charger. The market generally sells No. 5 and No. 7, but also has No. 1. The advantages of rechargeable batteries are economical, environmentally friendly, and sufficient power, suitable for high-power, long-term use of electrical appliances (such as Walkman, electric toys, etc.). The voltage of the rechargeable battery is lower than that of the same type of disposable battery. The AA battery (charge No. 5) is 1.2 volts, and the 9V rechargeable battery is actually 8.4 volts. Now the average number of times of charging can be around 1000 times. As of February 2012, there are only five types: nickel cadmium, nickel hydride, lithium ion, lead storage, and iron lithium.

The active material on the positive electrode of the lead-acid battery is lead dioxide, the active material on the negative plate is spongy pure lead, the electrolyte is a certain concentration of sulfuric acid solution, and the electromotive force between the plates is about 2V.

The active material on the positive electrode plate of the nickel-cadmium battery is nickel oxide powder, and the active material on the negative electrode plate is cadmium oxide powder. The active materials are respectively wrapped in the perforated steel strip, and become the positive and negative plates of the battery after press molding. The electrolyte is usually treated with potassium hydroxide solution. The open circuit voltage of the battery is 1.2V.

The material of the positive electrode plate of the nickel metal hydrogen battery is nickel oxide powder, the material of the negative electrode plate is a hydrogen absorbing alloy, and the electrolyte solution is potassium hydroxide solution. The open circuit voltage of the battery is 1.2V. The lithium ion battery uses LiCoO2 composite metal oxide to form an anode on the aluminum plate, the lithium carbon compound forms a cathode on the copper plate, and the submicron microporous polyolefin film separator between the plates, electrolysis The liquid is an organic solvent. The open circuit voltage is 3.6V.

Lithium polymer battery is an improved type of lithium ion battery. There is no battery liquid. Instead of polymer electrolyte, it is more stable than ion battery. The open circuit voltage is 3.6V.

The battery capacity represents how much battery the battery can store. The numbers we see on the battery pack generally refer to the battery capacity indicator. It is expressed in units of ampere-hours or milliamps. It is a composite unit consisting of the current unit and the time unit product, representing the ability of the battery to sustain discharge at a constant current. A fully charged battery can be discharged with a current of 200mA for 10 hours. By multiplying the current by time, we can get the capacity of this battery is 2000mA.H. If it is discharged at 400 mA, the available time is 5 hours.

Energy density: The amount of electrical energy contained in a unit volume or unit weight. For the same power requirements, a battery with a high energy density can be smaller in size and lighter in weight.

C current: refers to the amount of current that is filled in a fully charged battery or filled with a used battery in one hour. In fact, it is the value of the capacity of the hour. Battery with 1800mA capacity, C current is 1800mA. The battery of 2000mA capacity, the C current is 2000mA.

Open circuit voltage: refers to the potential difference between the two poles of the battery.

Memory effect: The new battery, whose electrode material has fine crystal grains, can obtain the largest electrode surface area. Because of the use, the battery content is crystallized. After crystallization, the crystal grains increase, (also called passivation), which reduces the available electrode area, and the grown crystal grains cause self-discharge to increase, so that the battery reduced capacity and impaired performance. This is the memory effect. The reason for the memory effect is due to incomplete partial charging and discharging of the battery.

Self-discharge rate: after charging the battery, even in the case of no use, will gradually lose  power, the higher the general temperature, the more significant self-discharge.

Nickel cadmium

(Ni-CD)

Voltage: 1.2V service life: 500 times

The discharge temperature is: -20 degrees to 60 degrees

Charging temperature is: 0 degrees to 45 degrees

Nickel hydrogen

(Ni-MH)

Rechargeable Battery

Rechargeable Battery

Voltage: 1.2V

Service life: 1000 times

The discharge temperature is: -10 degrees to 45 degrees

Charging temperature: 10 degrees to 45 degrees

Remarks: At present, the maximum capacity of domestic No. 5 battery is about 3000mAh.

Lithium ion

(Li-lon)

Rechargeable Battery

Rechargeable Battery

Voltage: 3.6V

Service life: 500 times

The discharge temperature is: -20 degrees to 60 degrees

Charging temperature is: 0 degrees to 45 degrees

Remarks: The weight is 30% to 40% lighter than that of NIMH batteries, and the capacity is higher than that of NIMH batteries by more than 60%. However, it is not resistant to overcharging. If overcharged, the temperature will be too high and the structure will be destroyed.

Lithium polymer

Voltage: 3.7V

Service life: 500 discharge temperatures: -20 degrees to 60 degrees

Charging temperature is: 0 degrees to 45 degrees

Remarks: The improved version of lithium battery, without battery liquid, can be made into various shapes instead of polymer electrolyte, which is more stable than lithium battery.

Lead-acid batteries

Voltage: 12V

Service life: 200 to 300 times

The discharge temperature is: 0 degrees to 45 degrees

Charging temperature is: 0 degrees to 45 degrees

Remarks: It is a general car battery (it is 6V in series with 12V). The battery life of the water-free battery is up to 10 years, but the volume and capacity are the largest.

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