Lithium-ion Battery Low Temperature

Lithium-ion batteries are discouraged to use in extremely low temperatures as they get Permanent damage. At low temperatures, this battery's capacity is extremely low hence causing damage. Low temperatures affect the electrolyte, which slows down the movement of the lithium ions between the anode and cathode. The lowest temperature this battery can be used is around -20° C.

Low temperatures affect the electrolyte as its resistance decreases, lithium ions slow down, and less movement of the ions leads to less amount of energy produced by the battery. Storing a lithium-ion battery at low temperatures increases its discharge capacity, which could be around 80%.

Are graphene batteries a hoax?

Graphene batteries are the type of batteries that use graphene as part of the electrode. These batteries enhance good conductivity, which leads to better cycles of a charge, and graphene is used for its wide surface area and high density, which allows the batteries to store energy. Graphene is, however, not as popular as lithium, copper, and other metals and components used in batteries.

Some years ago, graphene was thought to be overhyped as the battery of the future. Its characteristics of high density, high electrical conductivity, and large surface area have been put into question as people thought the battery was over-exaggerated.

Many energy-storing applications have proposed to use graphene. It has been used in the past in lead acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors, among others. The application of graphene is said to be a majority in the automotive sector and residential installations.

The use of graphene in batteries is being debated and tested. It ought to be used as a coating for the lithium-ion electrodes or as an enabler to the silicon anodes. Apart from being used in batteries, graphene has a major market in the smartphone industry as it's used as a heat spreader for smartphones.

Are graphene batteries a hoax? There have been many articles questioning the credibility of graphene and most of its applications. It has been claimed that the companies selling the graphene ideology have exaggerated since most of the graphene compounds can only be used in theory and are not practical.

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Huawei has responded to all the allegations and propaganda circulating on the internet regarding the graphene compounds for batteries. The Claim is that tests have been done and the compound is operational though not at the commercial level.

Graphene Batteries Disadvantage

1.Too expensive

To get high-quality graphene, a very long and complex process is used. A gram of graphene can be sold for thousands of dollars which many manufacturers cannot afford to buy in large quantities.

2.Less production

Due to how expensive graphene is, the cost of a product is very high, which makes it difficult for most manufacturers to work with. An ordinary firm cannot afford to produce any graphene battery or any other compound that may use graphene. 

3.The very high manufacturing process

The cost of manufacturing is determined by the availability and price of graphene. It is not easily found, and when you get it, it's expensive and does not give a large profit margin to cover the cost of production.

4.Exhibits toxics qualities

In order to get graphene, very high temperatures are used to heat toxic materials, which produce dangerous materials and air.

5.Exposed to the oxidative atmosphere 

When graphene is put into water or any other solvent, it forms graphene oxide. When exposed to the atmosphere, graphene gets oxidized, and that is not good for the compound.

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6.Maturity of the technology

Graphene needs further tests to properly introduce it into the market. It is still in its early development stages. Graphene batteries are not at a point in development where they can be produced in mass. This leads to a market potential limit.

7.Scalability

Graphene batteries have been produced and used by some manufacturers. The problem is that graphene production is too high in terms of costs which limits many manufacturers from incorporating it in their batteries; hence it is not able to be used on a wide scale.

8.Uncertain commercial viability

Due to the high cost of production of graphene batteries, there has been uncertainty in the sales of the batteries in the market. Their production is low and cannot meet the market demand. Its profit margin is also thin, which leads to the uncertainty of its commercial viability.

Graphene Batteries Lifespan

Graphene had been used to coat the plates in lithium and other batteries. The life span of these types of batteries could go up to 2000 cycles. The long life span is contributed to by the fast charge and lower discharge rate. The rate to withstand the charge and discharge has lead to a longer lifespan of the battery.

Graphene is incorporated into other batteries, which gives them a longer lifespan due to its ability to withstand high lithium-ion batteries, which have the coating of graphene and are said to withstand a 10°C higher heat than its normal heat capacity. These batteries have proved to stay up to 4 years withstanding high temperatures, all thanks to graphene.

Some scientists have tried to show that the battery has the capability of withstanding high cycles of more than 1500, which is equivalent to around ten years with 80% capacity, which is also enhanced baby it's high energy density. The long lifespan of graphene batteries has attracted a lot of technologies that want to incorporate it in their batteries since it's very effective.

Conclusion 

Graphene batteries have been romanticized in the media for a couple of years before, yet it was not operational. Many articles have criticized graphene batteries because it's not in operation in a wide range. The graphene manufacturers, however, have defended it, showing proof of how the battery works and sharing its advantages when used alone or incorporated in plates of other batteries.

Some of the advantages of graphene that have made it the talk of the news for a very long time include: lightweight, can withstand high temperatures, has a long service life, fast charge, and low self-discharge rate, and is efficient and durable, among others.