What is the difference between power batteries for electric vehicles and those for general starters?

One, the material is different. Power battery plate is lead calcium alloy. Storage battery of starter is lead antimony alloy.

Second, the discharge time is different, can power battery for a few hours, small current discharge depth is deep. Start the battery discharge time is very short,

Run a large discharge current, a few hundred amperes.

Three different, electrolyte concentration, in order to run farther, many people put the power battery electrolyte concentration increased to 1.31, actually this battery is very easy to sulfide, make the plate. Start battery electrolyte standard concentration is 1.28, under the concentration can obtain larger discharge current, which makes the car easy to start.

A, material is qualitative different, power battery plate is lead calcium alloy, start the battery is lead antimony alloy.

Second, the discharge time is different, can power battery for a few hours, small current discharge depth is deep. Start the battery discharge time is very short,

First, different nature

Under the condition of the battery is made up of new, used to put all test battery capacity, general power battery has a capacity of around 1000-1500 mAh; And batteries capacity above 2000 mAh, some to 3400 mAh.

Three, different discharge power

A 4200 mAh power battery will power light can in a short span of a few minutes, but the batteries completely can't do that, so batteries discharge ability completely cannot be compared with the power battery. Power batteries and batteries biggest difference lies in its discharge power, high specific energy. Because the main purpose for automotive type batteries which power the energy supply, so compared with ordinary batteries have higher discharge power

Fourth, different application

For electric vehicle drive power battery is called power batteries, including traditional lead-acid battery, nickel metal hydride and emerging of lithium ion power battery lithium battery type, divided into power battery type power battery (hybrid) and energy (pure electric vehicles);Mobile phones, laptops and other consumer electronics products lithium battery is generally referred to as lithium battery, to distinguish it from power battery for electric vehicle.

Power battery existing main types

Mainstream technology on the market at present is still in lead-acid battery, nickel metal hydride batteries, lithium batteries and fuel cell technology is given priority to.

Lead-acid battery

Longest history in the application of lead-acid battery, most mature technology, is the most low cost, the price of battery, has achieved mass production. Valve control type sealed lead acid battery (VRLA) became a important vehicle power battery, used in many European and American car companies on the development of EV and HEV, such as general, developed in the 90 s and 1980 s respectively Saturn and EVI electric cars and so on.

However, low specific energy lead-acid batteries, battery life is short, high self-discharge rate, low cycle life; Its main material, the weight of lead big, and may be produced in the process of production and recycling heavy metal pollution of the environment. So, at present the lead-acid battery is mainly used for ignition device when the car started, and electric bicycle and other small equipment.

Ni-Mh batteries

Nickel metal hydride (Ni/MH battery has a good resistance to overcharge, discharge capacity, there is no heavy metal pollution problems, and will not appear in the working process of the phenomenon of increase or decrease in electrolyte, can realize sealing design and maintenance free. Compared with lead-acid battery and nickel cadmium battery, nickel metal hydride battery has high energy, specific power and cycle life.

Its disadvantage is that the battery has a memory effect is poorer, and as charge and discharge cycle of hydrogen storage alloy gradually lose the catalytic ability, the battery internal pressure will gradually rise, affect the use of the battery. In addition, nickel metal expensive price, also lead to the high cost.

On the key materials, nickel metal hydride batteries is mainly composed of the positive and negative, the diaphragm and the electrolyte composition, is extremely nickel electrode (Ni (OH) 2);The cathode generally USES metal hydride (MH);Mainly for the liquid electrolyte, ingredient is potassium hydroxide (KOH).The research emphasis of Ni-Mh batteries, mainly on the anode materials is, its technology is quite mature.

Vehicle Ni-Mh battery has achieved its mass production and use, is a hybrid car up on the application of on-board battery types. The most typical representative of the current hybrid production scale biggest Toyota Prius. Toyota established PEVE joint venture with Panasonic company is currently the world's largest manufacturer of Ni-Mh power battery.

Now Ni-Mh batteries have dropped out of the mainstream current power battery, so why Toyota will also be opinionated to camp of Ni-Mh batteries?

This will have to say to the nickel metal hydride batteries: the biggest advantage of super durability!

Once America's most famous auto media consumer reports on a ten years after the first generation of Prius has carried on the contrast test. Test results showed that the nickel metal hydride batteries of the first generation Prius models after 10 years after the 330000 km, with the new data contrast, whether in fuel consumption performance and dynamic performance are kept at the same level, the hybrid system and Ni-Mh battery pack still work normally.

In addition, even in use after ten years to run 330000 kilometers, the first generation of Prius, the nickel metal hydride battery pack that never happened, people ten years ago question for battery capacity attenuation will significantly affect the dynamics performance of fuel consumption and also did not appear. Thus, always rigorous conservative Japanese for nickel metal hydride batteries in love does have its unique reasons.

A fuel cell

Fuel cell is a kind of will exist in the chemical energy of the fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy power generation device. Fuel and air were sent to the fuel cell, electricity is produced. It viewed from the outside is the cathode and the electrolyte, etc, like a battery, but it can't essentially "storage" but a "power plants".

Compared with ordinary chemical batteries, fuel cells can refuel, hydrogen is often added. Some fuel cells can use methane and gas as a fuel, but is usually restricted to use industrial area, such as power plants and forklift truck. Basic principle of hydrogen fuel cell is the reverse reaction electrolysis of water, the hydrogen and oxygen supply of anode and cathode respectively, hydrogen in the anode after outward diffusion and reaction of the electrolyte, excite electrons by external load to the cathode.

Hydrogen fuel cells working principle is: to hydrogen fuel cell anode (cathode), through the role of catalyst (platinum), electron in a hydrogen atom is separated out, lose electron hydrogen ions (protons) through the proton exchange membrane, to fuel cell cathode plate (anode), and electron is not through the proton exchange membrane, the electron, only through an external circuit, to fuel cell cathode plate, so as to generate an electric current in the external circuit.

Electronics to the cathode plate, combined with oxygen and hydrogen ions for water. Due to supply oxygen to the cathode plate, can be obtained from the air, so as long as constantly to supply hydrogen anode plate, to supply air cathode plate, and promptly take water vapor, can continually provide electricity.

Fuel cell electric, the inverter, controller and other equipment, power supply to the motor, then through the transmission system and drive axle drive wheel rotation, can make the vehicles on the road. Compared with the traditional vehicles, fuel cell vehicles energy conversion efficiency is as high as 60 ~ 80%, and for 2 ~ 3 times of internal combustion engine.

Fuel cell has hydrogen and oxygen as fuel, and its product is clean water. It does not produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur or particulate exhaust. Therefore, hydrogen fuel cell car is a zero emissions, zero pollution car. Hydrogen fuel is a perfect car energy!

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