The difference between automobile nickel metal hydride battery and automobile ternary lithium battery

1, Nickel metal hydride battery develops early, is already very mature, but its technology seems a bit backward at present. The biggest disadvantage is that it has the memory effect, which influences the usage and sustainability;

2, the lithium battery development relatively late, but technology developing rapidly, at present most of the research is focused on lithium battery technology, the biggest advantage is no memory effect, and defect is lithium battery cost is relatively high.

Nickel metal hydride batteries are older, but the technology mature, Toyota's hybrid system, in particular, the three generations are with nickel metal hydride batteries, reliability, life and a guarantee for safety.

Lithium-ion batteries are new direction of the industry recognized in the recent ten years, all aspects of performance on nickel metal hydride batteries, just process, technology has not been very mature, occasionally will still hear some lithium battery safety problems. As technology advances, lithium batteries must be trend and has not yet been put into production of the Prius plug-in versions of Toyota's have also been used in lithium batteries.

But, after all, is the new thing, no one can guarantee the reliability and security of one hundred percent, Boeing 787 lithium-ion battery, there is a fire accident.

Electric cars have long studied actually just because of a variety of battery technology performance is far from practical application of the gap is not popularized;

Previously used by the Japanese development of electric vehicles is the Ni-Mh battery, with the emergence and popularity of the lithium battery, the obvious advantage than the Ni-Mh batteries have, especially electricity ratio and high voltage, so instead of Ni-Mh batteries.

The ternary lithium battery is one of the lithium battery, compared with other kinds of lithium battery, ternary lithium battery is the biggest advantage of high voltage, large power than, for security reasons at present the country allows you to use in the car, with the development of battery technology, later also will use the bus on the higher electric vehicle safety requirements.

Sharply on the 4th generation Prius, in addition to the exterior styling changes, the efficiency of transmission system, but also the important characteristics of a new generation of products, the Prius carry a 1.8 -liter inline 4 cylinder of Atkinson cycle engine, inline 4 cylinder gasoline engine with electric motor, the architecture of the maximum synergy is 121 horsepower. Although the synergy horsepower figures revised down from the previous generation, but still accelerates the speed of 100 km of strength is not out too far, the average fuel consumption data more former generation of 4.1 L / 100 km, up to 3 L / 100 km.

U - CAR of fuel consumption information report which have previously mentioned, put in the rear seat at the bottom of the battery Hybrid system, Toyota according to different markets, equipped with nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion batteries the collocation of two kinds of battery pack, no matter what, is better than the old one used Prius battery module is lighter, smaller. According to the European media reports pointed out that the Toyota Prius is carrying lithium battery pack, and Ni-Mh battery pack, not far from cost, efficiency is equal, why want to introduce two different versions, rather than the current in the family, a lot of Ni-Mh battery pack can be used

The Prius with 1.8 -liter inline four cylinders engine, with a combination of electric motor Hybrid architecture, the battery is there are two kinds of combination, lithium battery and Ni-Mh battery pack respectively.

Original said, would use the collocation of two different kinds of battery pack, the key is to "weight", the Prius configuration of lithium battery, nickel metal hydride battery pack lighter in weight of about 16 kilograms, Toyota will be configured in advanced models equipped with relatively abundant, complete (with more so the heavier weight of the car), in order to balance the overall effectiveness of performance. According to understand, however, the collocation of lithium-ion battery pack only in North America, and Japan market, also only in the advanced model configuration (the Japanese market for introductory and advanced).

Compared with nickel metal hydride batteries, lithium batteries have low self discharge, low memory effect and fast charge and discharge, nickel metal hydride batteries, on the other hand, however, it also represents the price drop sharply; In the fourth generation of Prius on the power system of lithium-ion battery pack version only 56 Cells, while Ni-Mh battery pack has 168 Cells, that's why Toyota said its cost is not far from; Provided in voltage section, lithium battery voltage of 207.2 v, 201.6 v Ni-Mh battery pack, not far from the two, so the efficiency is not affected.

Carrying on the 4th generation Prius lithium battery pack, only 56 Cells, while Ni-Mh battery pack has 168 Cells, so both close on cost price, and the output voltage are equal, but the weight of the lithium battery is nickel metal hydride battery pack light 16 kilograms.

North American market perhaps because to avoid any misunderstanding, also avoid unnecessary negative situation, so in view of the advanced models equipped with rich, will bring more weight, and through the setting of lithium-ion battery pack lightweight, to achieve the 3/100 km average fuel consumption figures published by the original factory. In addition, the Toyota Prius will also be home, the first TSS (Toyota Safety Sense) active safety systems.

1, resistance to overcharge, discharge,

2, high discharge capacity is strong,

3, the use of safe, especially under the condition of abuse;

4, relatively cheap;5

Higher power density

Faults low voltage, low energy density

The main advantage of the lithium battery:

Lithium battery high voltage platform: monomer battery an average voltage of 3.7 V or 3.2 V, is approximately equal to three nickel cadmium battery or nickel metal hydride batteries in series voltage, easy to battery power team;

Lithium battery energy density is high relative to the battery. High energy storage density, the current has reached 460-460 wh/kg, is about 6 to 7 times of the lead-acid battery;

Lithium battery light weight than the level of lead-acid battery, the same volume under the weight of about 1/5 of the lead acid products, 6;

Lithium battery service life is relatively long, service life can reach more than 6 years, lithium iron phosphate for positive cells in 1 cdod charged to put, can use the record of 1000;

Have high power tolerance, including electric cars use lithium iron phosphate lithium ion batteries up to 15-30 c the ability to charge and discharge, is advantageous for the high strength of starting and accelerating;

Low self-discharge rate, no memory effect;

Lithium battery high and low temperature adaptability is strong, can be in - 20 ℃, 60 ℃ under the environment of use, through technology on the processing, can be used in - 45 ℃ environment;

Green environmental protection, regardless of the production, use and scrap, does not contain, and did not produce any poisonous and harmful heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium and material.

The disadvantage of lithium battery:

1, the lithium battery has poor safety, there is a risk of explosion.

2, cobalt acid lithium materials of lithium battery can't large current discharge, poor security.

3, lithium batteries must be in order to protect the circuit from the battery discharge be overcharge.

4, high requirement and high cost.

Polymer lithium battery advantages:

1, monomer battery working voltage of 3.6 v ~ 3.8 v is much higher than nickel-metal hydride and nickel cadmium battery voltage of 1.2 v.

2, capacity, density, and its volume density is nickel hydrogen battery or nickel cadmium battery 1.5 ~ 2.5 times, or even higher.

3, small self-discharge, placed in a long time after its capacity loss is very small.

4, long service life, normal use its cycle life can reach more than 500 times.

5, no memory effect, not empty battery before charging, easy to use.

6, safety performance is good.

The disadvantage of polymer lithium battery:

1, the cost is high, the battery electrolyte system purification difficulties.

2, the need to protect line control, overcharge or discharge will make chemical battery internal reversible destroyed, thus seriously affect the battery life.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.