Advantages, disadvantages, analysis and comparison of lithium titanate battery and lithium iron phosphate

Lithium iron phosphate battery

Lithium iron phosphate battery: refers to a lithium ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as a positive electrode material. Its characteristic is that it does not contain precious elements such as cobalt. The raw material price is low and phosphorus and iron are abundant in the earth's resources, and there is no problem of feeding. Its working voltage is moderate (3.2V), its capacity per unit weight is large (170mAh/g), high discharge power, fast charging and long cycle life, high stability under high temperature and high heat environment.

Lithium iron phosphate battery advantages

Compared with the more common lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganate batteries currently on the market, lithium iron phosphate batteries have at least five advantages: higher safety, longer service life, and no heavy metals and rare metals (raw materials), low cost, fast charging and wide operating temperature range.

Lithium iron phosphate battery

Lithium iron phosphate has some performance defects, such as low tap density and compaction density, resulting in lower energy density of lithium ion battery; higher material preparation cost and battery manufacturing cost, lower battery yield and poor consistency; poor product consistency; intellectual property issues.

Analysis and Comparison of lithium titanate battery and Lithium Iron Phosphate

In the field of pure electric vehicles, the batteries are mostly lithium iron phosphate or ternary lithium. Recently, the core competitiveness of Gree's passenger car that Gree wants to acquire is a lithium titanate battery with a different approach.

Domestic automobile manufacturers use more ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium titanate has not yet been scaled up. And the price of lithium titanate battery is high (high production cost, high humidity control requirements), about 9 Yuan per watt hour, and the difference between the lithium iron phosphate battery and the ternary lithium battery of 2 Yuan per watt hour is also very large.

Is lithium titanate battery superior to lithium iron phosphate? This starts with the performance of the two batteries. It is well known that the performance of lithium batteries is mainly determined by the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the electrolyte and the separator. The positive and negative materials have important influences on the key parameters of the battery, such as capacity, energy density, cycle life, safety, rate performance and cost.

Lithium titanate battery breaks the traditional battery technology route with graphene as the negative electrode, and uses lithium titanate as the negative electrode material, which makes it a heterogeneous in the eyes of the peers. But it is the characteristics of lithium titanate itself that makes the battery of this material have remarkable characteristics.

Taking lithium iron phosphate-graphene and ternary-lithium titanate lithium batteries as examples, lithium titanate batteries are inferior in terms of energy density alone. According to the Northeast Securities Research Report, the actual specific energy of lithium iron phosphate battery is 100-120Wh/kg, of which the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary battery used by Tesla is 252Wh/kg, while the silver-plated lithium titanate battery is only 90Wh/ Kg, only half of some graphite anode materials.

From the cost point of view, lithium titanate battery has no advantage. At present, the raw materials of Yinlong lithium titanate battery include titanium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide, which are more expensive than graphite anode materials. According to the survey results of China Battery Network, the current cost of lithium iron phosphate and ternary batteries is 1100 Yuan/KWH -1200 Yuan/KWH, while the cost of lithium titanate batteries is about 2-3 times that of ternary batteries.

If the energy density is twice as low and the cost is 2-3 times higher, how can lithium titanate batteries compete in the market? Obviously, it is its own unique advantages to impress some of the industry.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.