Development status of Chinese lithium battery industry

First, the main problems in the development of lithium batteries in China

The first is the consistency of manufacturing. Due to the gap in the manufacturing process and equipment of lithium batteries, the production process of domestic lithium batteries is uneven, and the manufacturing standards are not consistent. Lithium batteries used in electric vehicles are connected in series or in parallel. If the consistency problem is not solved well, the lithium batteries produced cannot be applied to electric vehicles on a large scale.

The second is intellectual property. At present, China has made a breakthrough in the research of lithium iron phosphate battery. However, because the United States has patents in this field, China can independently research and develop some links, but it does not know how to deal with the intellectual property problem.

The third is the screening of raw materials. The raw materials used in the production of lithium batteries are not all imported, mainly from the domestic, but the domestic raw materials must pass international certification, and the lithium batteries produced can be internationally recognized. Therefore, there are still some problems in the raw material certification.

Second, the constraints of the development of lithium-ion battery industry

1. The bottleneck of the development of lithium-ion batteries is the safety performance and management system of automotive power batteries: safety performance, because lithium-ion power batteries have high energy density, high operating temperature, and harsh working environment, plus people-oriented The safety concept, therefore, users put very high demands on the safety of the battery. In the management system of the automobile power battery, since the working voltage of the automobile power battery is 12V or 24V, and the operating voltage of the single power lithium ion battery is 3.7V, it is necessary to increase the voltage by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, but it is difficult to achieve the battery due to the battery. Fully uniform charge and discharge, thus causing a single battery in a series of battery packs to be charged and discharged unbalanced, the battery will be undercharged and over-discharged, and this situation will lead to a sharp deterioration of battery performance, and ultimately As a result, the entire battery cannot work properly or even be scrapped, which greatly affects the service life and reliability of the battery.

2. At present, the diaphragm used in lithium batteries is basically imported. If localization is achieved, the manufacturing cost can be greatly reduced. At present, only a few companies in China have broken through the diaphragm manufacturing technology and started mass production, but they cannot completely replace the imported diaphragm.

3. Expanding the scale of production of lithium batteries, improving the level of automation, and reducing costs. These require a large amount of capital intervention. In addition, a large number of initial investments in charging station facilities are needed to provide a convenient environment for electric vehicle applications. The facilities are relatively backward, which affects the domestic use of lithium battery powered vehicles.

Third, China should actively develop lithium battery industry

1. The government should vigorously support the development of lithium battery industrialization

In view of China's national conditions, the proportion of pillar industries in the national economy with independent intellectual property rights is very low. In the development of national economy, there is still a lack of strategic industries with independent intellectual property rights and core technologies, which makes China's industrial development still give the impression of "world processing plant". And accelerating the development of lithium battery industrialization, take the road of independent intellectual property development, is conducive to creating a pillar industry of national economic development, so as to improve China's comprehensive competitiveness.

Although China's lithium-power battery industry has developed earlier, due to the small scale of enterprises and relatively weak capital and technical strength, in the process of development, it is more necessary to focus resources on the support of governments at all levels. Due to the particularity of the lithium battery industry and the linkage with other industrial industries, especially the link with the electric vehicle industry, it is of great significance to stimulate the growth and rapid growth of China's national economy. From this point of view, to create development conditions for the lithium battery industry, support its development and growth, should be included in the important work schedule of governments at all levels and relevant departments, because the lithium battery industry is still in the early stages of development in China, although after six years The time, but not as fast as the lithium battery. That's because small lithium batteries have already cultivated a vast market space before they were sold to the market.

Lithium-powered batteries are subject to the following factors: First, the two quality technologies of the lithium-ion battery itself need to be improved and improved, which is the problem of the cycle life and safety of the power battery; the second is the lithium-power battery Use technical issues; third is market issues. These problems are intertwined, so that the characteristics of the lithium-ion battery determine that each single-cell battery needs to be monitored and managed. The use of technology is immature. When the battery product is just put into use, several safety accidents have occurred, which severely restricts lithium. The market progress that restricted lithium power battery badly. Therefore, the government and relevant departments should consciously and step by step to promote their capital concentration, promote enterprise alliance, support innovation and R&D in quality technology, or directly inject capital, and solve the industrialization difficulties of lithium-ion batteries as soon as possible. Whether it can develop rapidly in our country is very important. If government officials are afraid of taking risks, they will only let these lithium-powered battery companies face the market competition alone. I am afraid that this weak industry will be unable to withstand the rapid development of the international market and will be wiped out. Then, if this very promising sunrise industry will die, who will become a sinner of history? Although South Korea is small, it has been strongly supported by the nation’s efforts to seize the industry that revitalizes the national economy. During the "10th Five-Year Plan" period in China, the "863" project only invested a small amount of money for the lithium-powered battery project, which can be said to be only intentional support.

As China is still in a relatively low position in the global industrial chain, that is, in the labor-intensive or low value-added processing links, only a small piece can be obtained in the distribution of interests. Therefore, the government proposes to process China's processing industry as soon as possible. Turn to innovative development. If the Chinese government can take strong measures and strategies to support this lithium-ion battery project with independent intellectual property rights, then the success is not only the lithium battery industry itself, but other industries linked by it will drive the whole The national economy has produced considerable growth points. At the end of the twentieth century, American economists put forward the theory and competition model of "winners win all". It is a step ahead of a high-tech industry. Even a small step, it is possible to occupy the majority of the market share. Other competitors are hard to keep up, and latecomers seem to have no chance to compete and participate. China's lithium-powered battery products have a number of their own intellectual property rights, which is a step ahead of other countries. Faced with the key technical problems of lithium-ion batteries and the technical problems of using intelligent monitoring and management, with the comprehensive technical strength of China's talents, it is not necessarily impossible to solve them. Isn't the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhu Branch already solved the intelligent monitoring and management system of the lithium-power battery group? In the face of the insurmountable high-tech enterprises in the field of lithium-ion battery technology and quality, if the government can make an appeal, coordinate and integrate technical talents or relevant research institutions to jointly tackle the problem, especially to conduct in-depth research and discussion on how to improve the service life. It will greatly support these weak enterprises.

Lithium-powered battery companies have weak technical strength and lack of innovation capabilities, which is also an important factor restricting the development of industrialization. If the government cannot give strong support and promotion, it is obviously difficult to achieve industrial scale by relying solely on the decentralized technology development and innovation of various enterprises. The government should also provide enterprises with the conditions to understand and use cutting-edge technical information through public services. Increase the ability of companies to use knowledge and information. And through the development of public technology service institutions, the creation of an information platform using technical services, in order to facilitate enterprises to improve research and development capabilities, improve the technical quality of battery products. Like South Korea, through the public technology service platform, to serve enterprises, and thus build a CDMA industry technology platform, making CDMA a global leader. Because of the insufficient investment in technology research capital of lithium-power battery companies, the government should also invest a certain amount of capital in public technology and major key technology research and development projects, so that lithium-power battery companies can enjoy the results of this public technology development and encourage enterprises. Use these results to create new innovations to help improve the company's ability to innovate. Once the key quality technical problems of lithium-ion batteries are solved, it will have an important impact on the development of this industry and drive the common progress of related industries.

2. Realizing the industrialization of lithium battery is very important to improve China's comprehensive competitiveness.

The rise in oil prices will increase the inflation rate of oil importing countries and the economic growth rate will fall. A large amount of dependence on imported oil will undoubtedly have a great adverse impact on China's comprehensive economic strength. How to get rid of the dependence on oil, especially the rise in oil prices, is a real problem for senior government officials and relevant departments. How to use power batteries to save energy and create a new era of electric power is one of the most feasible ways to ensure the safety of petroleum energy. Who owns the lithium battery technology has the soul of the electric car. China's vigorous development of automotive energy diversification strategy, especially the development of lithium battery strategy, is a magic weapon to improve China's comprehensive competitiveness.

Among all the batteries that pure electric vehicles rely on to survive and develop, it is recognized that the first one is lithium-powered batteries. Lithium-powered batteries have high starting point, rapid development and good comprehensive performance in China, which have already attracted worldwide attention. Vigorously develop the industrial scale of lithium-powered batteries, of course, in order to realize the industrialization of electric vehicles in China. As long as the lithium-ion battery can perfectly enter the "heart" of the electric vehicle, it will also grasp the "pulse" of the industrialization of electric vehicles. The core technology of electric vehicles is power batteries, motors and control systems. China's traditional automobile technology has to catch up with or exceed the manufacturing level of these advanced countries after more than 20 years of sunset in Europe and America. It only has innovative development toward electric vehicles, and only the three core technologies of electric vehicles such as batteries, motors and electronic controls. Development and improvement can determine the formation of electric vehicle industrialization. As the "heart" and "soul" of electric vehicles, power batteries are the first of the three core technologies. The kind of battery will make the kind of electric car. Only when the power battery technology reaches maturity, it is possible to pull the development of related control technology. This control technique seems to be impossible to achieve theoretically and practically. The control system includes the monitoring and management of the lithium battery. It can control the power supply voltage of the battery, balance the charging and discharging, etc., but cannot control the inconsistency of the internal resistance of the battery and the internal conduction inconsistency. It is still a complex system engineering to develop large-scale industrialization of lithium battery. In order to achieve the third revolution of lithium-ion battery, it not only includes technological innovation, but also institutional innovation and concept innovation, which requires the coordination of government, production, learning and research. We will mobilize all aspects of society and jointly promote the scale of industrialization. Establish a multi-level and multi-channel investment and financing system based on government funds, enterprise investment as the main body, bank loans, venture funds, foreign investment and social idle funds, and realize the scale of industrialization as soon as possible. Because the development of lithium-ion battery industrialization scale is a strategic issue involving national energy and economic security, social development and comprehensive competitiveness, it is not allowed to hesitate and wait.

The development of lithium battery industry not only can promote the industrialization of battery intelligent electronic monitoring and management system, but also has a very important significance for promoting the revitalization of China's motor industry. Because China's motor core component control module has long relied on imports, it is subject to people. The high cost of motor products, low profits and low efficiency have been plaguing the development of China's motor manufacturing industry. Just like the chips in the computer industry cannot be separated from imports, China's motor manufacturing industry has been unable to escape the fate of working for large foreign companies. For the integration of control modules, electric vehicles with smaller size, once breakthroughs in motor control technology and control system modules, successfully realize industrialization, will change the backward situation of China's motor manufacturing industry, and push the power module, power device and other industries and related the development of supporting manufacturers. And drive precision casting, precision gear and other precision machining step up a new level. China's AC asynchronous motor full digital vector control system has made breakthroughs, reaching the domestic advanced control level, and the developed electric motor special motor has begun to export to the United States. In terms of vehicle drive control, China has been able to integrate the motor, drive, brake, speed measurement and suspension into its own independent module. This laid a certain foundation for the formation of China's electric vehicle industrialization.

It can be seen that the industrial scale of lithium-powered batteries is closely related to the industrialization of electric vehicles. As a modern technology industry, such as battery technology, motor technology, information technology, electronic technology, new energy, new materials, advanced manufacturing technology, electric vehicles not only promote the industrialization of high-tech, but also promote the modernization process of China's automobile industry. At the same time, the link drives the innovative development of manufacturing in more related industries. Because the electric vehicle itself is a high-tech product, its industrialization process will certainly stimulate and stimulate the development of various high-tech industries. The electric vehicle industry's pulling effect on the national economy is much more than 2-3 times higher than that of traditional cars. In addition, the industrialization of lithium-powered batteries will have a huge impact on the development of electric motorcycles, lightweight folding bicycles, and tourism industry, boat and yacht industries. All these industries need to increase people. This will provide more opportunities for employment work to alleviate the employment pressure in our country, especially the employment problems of fresh graduates. If lithium-powered batteries can promote the formation of China's electric vehicle industry, China can at least increase employment opportunities for tens of thousands of people. As the created products will be circulated in a global market, more people will need to operate. This will have a very important impact on the growth of China's overall national strength.

China's lithium-ion battery products have a number of independent intellectual property rights, and many companies have developed products, and there are many favorable conditions that are very suitable for China's development. As long as the government really attaches importance to this industry, and through a variety of effective measures, its industrial scale will be able to develop rapidly, and it can form a national pillar-type industrial project with independent intellectual property rights.

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