Maintenance-free lead-acid battery repair method

Maintenance-free battery introduction

The sealed maintenance-free battery adopts the newly designed fully sealed structure and modern production process in the 1990s. It provides high performance, long life, pollution-free and maintenance-free, safe and reliable performance.

General battery lead-acid battery is made up of positive and negative plate, plate, shell, electrolyte and wiring and other components of the pile head, the discharge of chemical reactions is depend on the positive plate active substances (lead dioxide and pb) and the negative plate active substances (spongiform pure lead) in the electrolyte (dilute sulphuric acid solution), under the action of the plate grid frame, traditional battery lead antimony alloy, maintenance-free battery is made of lead calcium alloy, the former with antimony, the latter with calcium, which is fundamental to both the mark. Different material can produce different phenomena: traditional battery will happen in the process of using liquid reducing phenomenon, this is because the gate frame of antimony can lead pollution on the negative plate spongiform pure, weakened after fully charged battery in the counter electromotive force, caused by excessive water decomposition, a large number of oxygen and hydrogen escape from the positive and negative plates respectively, reduce the electrolyte. Use calcium instead of antimony, can change the counter electromotive force after fully charged battery, reduce charging flow, liquid vaporization rate reduce, thereby reducing the loss of the electrolyte.

Due to the free maintenance battery USES lead calcium alloy grid frame, charging when the water quantity is little, low moisture evaporation, coupled with the outer seal structure, the acid gases released is very few, so it is compared with the traditional battery, do not need to add any liquid, pile head for wiring, wireless corrosion, overcharge resistance is strong, large starting current, power advantages of long storage time.

The maintenance-free battery has only a small amount of gas generated by the electrolyte under normal charging voltage. The plate has strong anti-overcharge capability, and has the characteristics of small internal resistance, good low-temperature starting performance and longer service life than conventional batteries. Therefore, it is not necessary to add distilled water throughout the use period, and in the normal case of the charging system, it is not necessary to perform supplementary charging from the removal. However, the specific gravity of the electrolyte should be checked during maintenance.

Most maintenance-free batteries have a hole-shaped liquid (temperature-compensated) hydrometer on the cover that changes color depending on the specific gravity of the electrolyte. It can indicate the storage state of the battery and the height of the electrolyte level. When the indicator eye of the hydrometer is green, it indicates that the charging is sufficient, the battery is normal; when the indicator eye green point is little or black, it indicates that the battery needs to be charged; when the indicator eye shows light yellow, it indicates that the battery is faulty inside and needs to be repaired or Replace it.

When conditions permit, the maintenance-free battery can be charged with a charging device with current-voltage characteristics. The device ensures sufficient power and avoids overcharging and consumes more water.

General from the factory to use this kind of free maintenance battery can store 10 months, its voltage and capacitance remains the same, poor quality in the factory about 3 months after the voltage and capacitance will fall. Choose when buy is 3 months from the date of production, you can check the battery voltage and capacitance on the spot whether meet the requirements of the directions, if there is a decrease in the voltage and capacitance of the material is bad, it is inside so that the quality of the battery must also not line, it is possible that water battery after charging distributor in disguise.

Maintenance-free battery charged can also supplement, charging ways and common battery charging method is essentially the same. Charging each single cell voltage should be limited in 2.3-2.4 V. Pay attention to using conventional charging method consumes more water, charging current when charging should be slightly smaller (below 5 a).Cannot be quick charge, otherwise, the battery may explode, causing cuts. When the hydrometer of the maintenance-free battery is displayed in light yellow or red, it indicates that the battery is near scrapped, even if it is recharged, the service life is not long. Charging at this time can only be used as an expedient measure for emergency.

Lead-acid battery and dismantling

The maintenance-free battery has the characteristics of low price, convenient carrying and large capacity. It has been applied in many aspects such as emergency lights, flashlights, UPS power supplies, motorcycles, electric bicycles and electric tricycles. However, if used improperly, it will cause damage to the battery and even scrap. In fact, as long as proper repairs are made, the capacity of most batteries can be restored to a certain extent.

This kind of battery cover is sealed with the sealing glue, need to put in boiler steam to heat sealing gel to tear down or take blower, until the plastic melt. Attention to uniform blow don't blow the battery plastic shell is broken.

Battery, chemical energy into electrical energy device called chemical battery, commonly referred to as "for the battery. After discharge, can make the internal active substances in charging way - to store the electric energy to chemical energy regeneration when need to discharge to convert chemical energy to electrical energy again. Call this type of battery storage battery (storage battery), also known as the secondary battery.

The so-called battery is an electrical chemical device that stores chemical energy and discharges electric energy when necessary.

The maintenance-free battery has the characteristics of low price, convenient carrying and large capacity. It has been applied in many aspects such as emergency lights, flashlights, UPS power supplies, motorcycles, electric bicycles and electric tricycles. However, if used improperly, it will cause damage to the battery and even scrap. In fact, as long as proper repairs are made, the capacity of most batteries can be restored to a certain extent.

Common to fix the problem and deal with

1. The maintenance-free battery (hereinafter referred to as the battery) basically does not generate air bubbles during charging, and can save maintenance work such as acid addition in a sealed state. However, it is impossible to completely generate no gas during the charging and discharging process of the battery. In order to release the gas, the battery cannot be completely sealed. Open the plastic cover on the upper part of the battery and you can see that each small battery has a liquid-filled hole on the rubber cap. The moisture of the battery can be evaporated through the rubber cap. Even if the battery is not used, the water will evaporate, causing the battery capacity to drop. In severe cases, the battery will dry up and cannot be charged or discharged. For this kind of battery, as long as distilled water or purified water is added to the battery, and then several charge and discharge cycles are performed, most of the capacity of the battery can be recovered. Example: A 12V7.2Ah battery, the use time is not long, after charging to 14V, discharge, short-circuit current is only more than 300mA. Uncovering the upper cover, the liquid is almost dry, injecting distilled water and charging and discharging twice, the capacity is restored to 84%, and it can work normally.

2. When the battery is discharged, the sulfuric acid concentration and specific gravity of the electrolyte decrease, and after complete discharge, the specific gravity at 15 ° C drops to 1.11. Generally, the specific gravity increases when charging, and the proportion after fully charged in summer is 1.25 to 1.26, and that in winter is 1.27 to 1.28. Since the battery is in a sealed state, it can only be judged whether the battery has been charged or discharged after the battery is used. When the 6V and 12V batteries are fully charged, the voltages are 6.8V~7V and 13.6V~14V respectively. When fully discharged, the voltages of the 6V and 12V batteries are 5.3V and 10.6V, respectively. If the battery is over-discharged or is in a semi-discharge state for a long time, the battery will be vulcanized. The vulcanized battery cannot be removed by adding distilled water and conventional charging. Only when the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is relatively low, the vulcanization can be eliminated.

If the battery is not severely vulcanized, the capacity is not reduced much, and the battery can be charged for a long time with a small current (0.05A or less). If the battery is vulcanized more seriously, it can be charged to the highest voltage (6V battery charged to 7V, 12V battery charged to 14V), the electrolyte in the battery is withdrawn by a syringe, and then distilled water is injected to dilute the electrolyte. After charging for 1 to 2 hours, the electrolyte is extracted and distilled water is injected, and the above operation is repeated until the specific gravity of the extracted electrolyte is no longer significantly increased (generally 2 to 3 times). At this time, try to extract the electrolyte, and then inject sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.25~1.28 according to the ambient temperature, and then fully charge the electricity and check the specific gravity of the electro-hydraulic. If the specific gravity is small, the electrolyte can be extracted again and sulfuric acid can be injected to make the specific gravity of the electrolyte reach the standard. Note that the electrolyte injected into the battery should not be too much. When the sponge-like substance in the battery is filled with the electrolyte, the excess electrolyte is extracted and the repair work is completed. Example: A SonyBP603Ah battery is a power supply for 3/4-inch cameras in the 1980s, and the battery is severely vulcanized. After repairing by the above method, the capacity was restored to 2.2 Ah.

3. Some battery bridges or batteries have broken the external lead wires (in most cases, the lead wires of the positive and negative poles are broken), and the battery will not work. The changed battery can only be repaired if the broken part is found. Using the above method of injecting copper, use a multimeter to find a battery with an abnormal voltage or a small output current, and the breaking point is on the battery. After finding it, open a hole in the plastic cover at the break. The size of the hole can be welded to the break with a soldering iron. It should not be too large. After welding, the connection is normal, the open hole is closed with plastic or epoxy resin, and then revived by the above method the battery can be put back into work.

4. The battery internal short circuit fault, if any, low voltage large current available short-circuit point burned. Fall off if there is an active substances (show the extraction had brown material in the electrolyte), battery life has ended, this type of battery don't have to do the repair. But if just one of the two battery life end, can put the two battery short circuit, the rest of the battery can be used as low voltage of the battery to continue.

Two instructions

1. Impurities (especially iron ions) are very harmful to the battery, which will cause the battery to self-discharge and shorten its life. Therefore, attention should be paid to the purity when injecting sulfuric acid and water.

2. The hydrometer is an indispensable tool for repairing batteries, but commercially available hydrometers require more electrolytes and are difficult to use. The author made a miniature simple hydrometer with the gel pen and the pen cap of the ballpoint pen: put the hydrometer in pure water, and record the position of the hydrometer on the water surface, which is the scale position with a specific gravity of 1.00. Put in a known concentration (available in a battery store or repair shop to buy dilute sulfuric acid, please ask them to accurately measure the specific gravity of sulfuric acid, such as 1.28), record the hydrometer in the liquid level; The length of the specific gravity of 1.00~1.28 is engraved on the paper, and the scale of 1.00~1.28 is equally divided into 28, and the hydrometer is made.

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