What do you mean by uniform charge and floating charge respectively?

The difference between even(all) charge and floating charge: Uniform charge is generally performed after discharge of the battery(refers to discharge exceeding the specified limit or discharge) or the battery rest time exceeds 6 months or the floating time exceeds 6 months, The charging current is 0.1 C10(0.1 times the capacity); 2,; Floating is to keep the battery in full charging state and charging the battery with a small current(the battery will lose the difference between self-discharge and internal resistance); 3, because the battery is in series, the float current through each battery is exactly the same; However, the self-discharge and internal resistance of each battery cannot be completely consistent. By floating or storing or discharging for a period of time, the charging efficiency of the battery cannot be completely consistent, and some batteries will be under-charged, so they must also be even or even. Charge.

A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called a chemical battery, which is generally referred to simply as a battery. After discharge, the internal active material can be regenerated by charging the electrical energy is stored as chemical energy; When the discharge is required, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy again. This type of battery is called a battery, also known as a secondary battery.

The so-called battery is an electrical and chemical device that stores chemical energy and emits electrical energy when necessary.

A battery is a device that converts chemical energy directly into electrical energy. It is a rechargeable battery designed to recharge through a reversible chemical reaction. It usually refers to a lead-acid battery. It is a type of battery and belongs to a secondary battery. Its working principle: When charging, it uses external electrical energy to regenerate the internal active material, store the electrical energy as chemical energy, and convert the chemical energy into electrical energy output again when it is needed to discharge, such as mobile phone batteries commonly used in life.

It uses a lead-based grid(also known as a lattice) filled with cavernous lead as a negative electrode, a lead-based grid filled with lead dioxide as a positive electrode, and a dilute sulfuric acid with a density of 1.26 -- 1.33 g/mlg/ml as an electrolyte. When the battery is discharged, the metal lead is negative, and oxidation occurs to produce lead sulfate; Lead dioxide is a positive electrode and a reduction reaction occurs to produce lead sulfate. When the battery is charged with DC, the two poles produce lead and lead dioxide, respectively. After removing the power supply, it returns to its pre-discharge state and forms a chemical battery. The lead battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged. Its monomer voltage is 2V. The battery is a battery consisting of one or more monomers, referred to as a battery, the most common is 6V, and the others are 2V, 4V, 8V, and 24V. Battery. For example, a battery(commonly known as a battery) used in a car is a battery pack of six lead batteries connected in series to 12V.

For traditional dry lead batteries(such as automobile dry charge batteries, motorcycle dry charge batteries, etc.), distilled water must be supplemented after a period of time, so that dilute sulfuric acid electrolytes maintain a density of 1.28 g/ml; For maintenance-free batteries, distilled water is no longer required to be added until the end of life.

Chemical principles The equation is as follows:

Total reaction: Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(AQ) reversible symbol 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(L)

Discharge: negative Pb(s) -2e-+ SO42-(AQ) = PbSO4(s)

PbO2(s) + 2e-+ SO42-(AQ) + 4H +(AQ) = PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(L)

Total Pb(s) + PbO2(s) + 2H2SO4(AQ) = 2PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(L)

Electrolytic cell during charging

Cathode PbSO4(s) + 2e-= Pb(s) + SO42-(AQ)

Anode PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(L)-2e-= Pbo2(s) + SO42-(AQ) + 4H +(a)

Note(negative pole when cathode discharge when charging)

Physical composition

The main components of the lead battery are as follows:

Anode plate(lead peroxide. PbO2) -- & GT; Active substances

Cathode plate(cavernous lead. Pb) -- & GT; Active substances

Electrolyte(dilute sulfuric acid) -- -- Sulfate(H2SO4) + Distilled Water(H2O)

Battery case, cover(PPABS flame retardant)

Isolation Board(AGM)

Safety valve

Positive and negative poles, etc..

Physical quantity connection

Electricity vs. Voltage

The remaining power of the battery can be roughly obtained by measuring the voltage of the battery. The relationship between the 12V lead-acid battery voltage and the remaining power for vehicles is shown in the following table:

& Voltage

Surplus power

12.7.

100 %

12.5.

90 %

12.4.

80 %

12.3.

70 %

12.2.

60 %

12.1.

50 %

11.9.

40 %

11.8

30 %

11.6.

20 %

11.3.

10 %

10.5.

0 %

Internal resistance and capacity

The relationship between internal resistance and capacity of the battery has two meanings:

The relationship between internal resistance and a rated capacity of the battery and the relationship between internal resistance and electrically charged SOC of the same type of battery. More than a decade ago, people tried to use the changes in the internal resistance(or conductivity) of valve-controlled sealed lead-acid batteries to detect the capacity of the battery online and predict the battery life, but failed to do so; People put forward higher and higher requirements for the high current discharge ability of power batteries, which requires that the internal resistance of batteries be reduced as much as possible. Therefore, this paper will further explore and clarify some commonly used battery internal resistance and capacity between the internal relationship.

Valve control seal

At present, valve-controlled sealed lead-acid batteries have gradually replaced open-type mobile electrolytic lead-acid batteries, and are widely used in post and telecommunications power supplies, UPS, and energy storage power systems. Power type valve controlled sealed lead-acid battery has been widely used in electric auxiliary vehicles. All these fields require on-line detection of battery charge state.

Relationship between internal resistance and charge state of the battery

The battery's charged SOC refers to the ratio of the capacity that the battery can release to its rated capacity. This data is important for post and telecommunications power systems and power batteries in use.

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