How does the power battery extend its service life?

For electric vehicles, the most expensive part is the power battery, so when you buy an electric car, you will consider how long the battery lasts. According to the current battery technology level, if the battery of the electric vehicle is used normally, it can last for about ten years. According to Nissan and General Motors and other car manufacturers, the current warranty policy is eight years or 160,000 kilometers.

How long the battery can last depends not only on the quality of the battery itself, but also on how it is used. When I went deep into a Japanese car company to inspect and visit, and communicated with senior engineers, the author summarized the contents and experience of this exchange, summed up how to use the battery correctly, extend the battery life, and provide several "immature". The small suggestions for reference, this is an important industry secret.

1. Avoid overcharging the battery

About the battery can not be fully charged, that is, the battery is often fully charged, which will affect the battery life. One of the reasons for this is that we can get a little experience from the batteries in the most popular mobile devices now in three or four years.

As an example of being close to life, the mobile phones commonly used in our daily life, such as Apple iphone6s, or Xiaomi mobile phones, Huawei mate7 mobile phones, etc., most of the time are waiting until the electricity is completely exhausted, and then completely full, so often The full charge, which is actually a very serious damage to the lithium-ion battery, the result is that the mobile phone battery has been very durable after about three years.

As an example on a car, Nissan's electric car Leaf has a setting that increases battery life and stops when the battery is charged to 80%. This reduces the mileage, but it can greatly improve the battery life. This setup is completely satisfying for daily commuting, and the key is one of the easiest ways to improve battery life.

For electric vehicles, it is not suitable to be fully charged. There is another reason, that is, when the electric vehicle is braking or downhill, it can recover a part of energy and then recharge it to the battery. Then the battery pack needs a certain charging space. , during the driving process, when you are not sure when you need regenerative braking to charge the battery.

2. For pure electric vehicles, the battery pack avoids deep discharge

For pure electric vehicles, the corresponding avoidance of overcharging is to avoid deep discharge. One of the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries is that they are partially recycled and cannot be turned into a deep square. There is no memory effect for lithium ions, so the use of partial discharge has no effect on the battery and does not reduce the battery capacity.

In the case of the Nissan Leaf, there are 12 battery-charged scales on the dashboard, which generally allows you to keep the power between 3-10, which can be used at any time. For a better battery energy management system, when the battery reaches a certain threshold, a warning will be issued, “How far do you need to travel?” to remind you that you need to charge according to the schedule.

3. For plug-in hybrid vehicles, consider using "mountain mode"

Based on the above to avoid over-discharging of the battery, for a Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid car or an extended-range electric car, such as the Chevrolet Volt, the BMW i3, etc., it is almost always used up the battery power and then switched to the gasoline engine mode. Fortunately, because of the battery management system, know when to stop using the battery and avoid deep discharge.

However, there is a situation where the current battery management system has no way to identify it. That is, there is a driving situation in which you need to drive a long slope in your driving route. If you use the battery blindly, it is very easy to The battery is depleted and the battery may be deeply discharged. If you can switch the work mode to the mountain mode before the climb, that is, the mode of the engine work, or choose to leave the EV mode at a certain point in time, this can save at least 20% of the battery.

In addition, you need to explain, in fact, the Toyota Prius operating system, there is a similar operating option for the driver, so that the vehicle exits the pure electric mode, you can use a little more gasoline in this driving time, the battery is less.

4, use the timing charger to minimize the time in the high state of charge

Regarding charging, in many cases, it will choose to charge in the middle of the night, so that the load on the grid is small, and the electricity bill is relatively cheap, but it is very likely that the charging is too full. So, how to ensure that the battery can maintain the best state of charge?

For example, suppose that when your battery is only 50%, but this 50% is difficult to maintain your next day's travel needs, and at this time, you only need to charge the battery for 60 minutes, you can reach 80%, so that you can meet the second. The driving needs of the day. Then, at this time, a charger with a timing function is needed to ensure that the battery is in a high state of charge.

In fact, this charging timer has other application purposes. For example, in normal times, you don't have to wait at the car to wait for charging. You can plug in the charging at any time. People can do other things and come back, and for the merchant, Timing charges are provided; in addition, the battery can be cooled down after charging to ensure battery safety during the next driving, which is not required in extremely cold areas.

Summary

Regarding the maintenance of electric vehicles, especially the maintenance and use of batteries, it is especially important to remember this basic principle to avoid overcharging and avoid excessive discharge. The battery management system is also managed based on this principle. Of course, the process of use also needs to follow this guideline. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a charger with a timer function. Maybe it is also an entrepreneurial project.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.