Do you know the occupational hazards of lithium battery manufacturing projects?

The state implements classified management of occupational disease hazard construction projects, which are classified into three categories: occupational disease hazards, occupational disease hazards and occupational hazards (3). The current classification rules are only qualitative and have no quantitative criteria. Although they can be classified according to the actual situation of occupational hazards, they are not classified, so there are difficulties in the specific implementation process. In the evaluation process of construction projects, the identification of occupational hazard factors is a key link. Whether the identification is correct and appropriate will directly affect the correctness of the evaluation results of occupational hazards in construction projects, and it is also crucial for the daily management of occupational health of the project. We discuss the over-evaluation of occupational hazard factors in the evaluation of a construction project.

1. Materials and methods

Material source

Pre-evaluation report and control effect evaluation report of occupational disease hazard in a lithium battery manufacturing project.

2. Method

Review the occupational disease hazard pre-evaluation report and control effect evaluation report of a lithium battery manufacturing project, and analyze the occupational disease hazard factor identification and control effect evaluation test data and the on-site occupational health survey results in the pre-evaluation of the project.

According to the positive electrode sheet (the main active material is lithium cobalt oxide) - the separator - the negative electrode sheet (the main active material is carbon) - the separator is placed in the order from top to bottom, and the battery core is wound up, inserted into the battery case, and then inserted. Dry, inject the electrolyte (the main component is lithium hexafluorophosphate), seal and complete the assembly, then use the special battery charge and discharge equipment to test the charge and discharge of the finished battery, test and screen each battery, and package after printing the batch number.

2. Evaluation of major occupational hazards in pre-evaluation In the pre-evaluation of occupational hazards in this project, according to engineering analysis, the main occupational hazards in the workplace were evaluated.

Detection of occupational hazards in the evaluation of control effects The project tested the hydrogen fluoride, fluoride, benzene, dust, noise, industrial X-rays in the workplace air during the evaluation of occupational hazard control effects, and the results were in line with national standard limits. Value, because the laser only exists in the equipment during the production process, no detection, dust and poison detection results are shown in Table 2.

3. Discussion

The correct identification of occupational hazards will directly affect the correctness of the evaluation results. The identification of occupational hazards in construction projects is not based on routine clinical case observation, experimental research or occupational epidemiological studies, but is mainly identified through engineering analysis, analogy surveys and experience of construction projects. The organic solvent such as toluene in this project is the raw and auxiliary materials used in the production process of the positive and negative electrodes. It is not used directly in the production process. It may only be the residual volatilization. The actual detection result in the control effect evaluation is lower than the detection limit. Or far below the occupational health limit, and does not exist according to the site survey analysis

It is possible that a large number of leaks will lead to an acute accident, whether an organic solvent such as toluene is used as an evaluation factor, or as an occupational hazard factor of this project is open to question. In the evaluation process, those traces exist, far below the hygienic standard [2], the scope is small, the hazard is small, there is no national health standard and the amount involved is generally not to cause occupational disease hazard as an evaluation factor to avoid Excessive level of management.

The raw material electrolyte used in this project is mainly composed of lithium hexafluorophosphate (12%). The material is highly deliquescent and soluble in water. It can be decomposed into HF and phosphorus oxychloride in the air and water vapor. The injection adopts full-closed negative pressure operation, and the vacuum pipe is used to suck in the electrolyte in the fume hood. The amount of contact air is small, and the temperature and humidity (25e, 40% or less) are strictly controlled, and the amount of decomposition is small; at the same time, the personnel operate by operating the hand hole. It also avoids direct contact with the operator; the whole room is ventilated, the electrolyte tank is equipped with an overflow tank, and the personal protective equipment such as a mask and gloves are replaced when the actual test results are lower than the detection limit. Since hydrogen fluoride is a highly toxic compound in the Catalogue of Highly Toxic Goods of the Ministry of Health (2003 edition), although the management measures for the classification of occupational hazards in the 5 construction projects can be based on the toxicological characteristics, concentration (strength), potential hazards of occupational hazards, Comprehensive analysis of the number of contacts, frequency, time, occupational hazard protection measures and the risk of occupational diseases (wind), but there is no specific classification standard for occupational hazards in construction projects.

In the case of the 5th construction project occupational disease hazard classification management method 6, the project should be identified as a construction project with serious occupational hazards. However, we believe that these completely closed use only the occupational hazard factors that cause harm in the event of fire or other accidents may not be used as the evaluation factor for the classification of occupational hazards in construction projects. Only the project is classified as an occupational hazard construction project, or classified as an occupational disease. Construction projects with serious damages are managed with reference to construction projects with general occupational hazards, and the report emphasizes the response of this factor under special circumstances.

In this project, if the organic solvent such as toluene is not subjected to special occupational disease protection facilities, the actual on-site test result is lower than the detection limit or is much lower than the occupational health limit, and if there is no large-scale change in concentration, it may not be used as the project. In the daily management of occupational health, the operator does not conduct health surveillance for this factor, or only conduct health checks before and after leaving the post, or extend the interval between inspections during the post. At the same time, for the electrolyte injection post, the operator who is only likely to contact in an accident state such as a leak does not perform an occupational health check of the periodic fluorine and its inorganic compound items.

4. Suggestions

In the evaluation of occupational disease hazards in construction projects, not only qualitative analysis of existing factors, but also analysis of the degree of risk of producing occupational diseases (wind), and comprehensive analysis of occupational disease hazards, classification and management . For those factors that are unlikely to have large-scale fluctuations and whose level is far below the hygiene standards, they are not identified as occupational hazards and are not managed as occupational hazards. For those occupational hazards that may only be contacted under special accident conditions, they are not routinely managed, only relevant occupational health emergency rescue facilities and measures are implemented and relevant occupational health training and education.

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