What are the types of lithium battery cores

18650 core

The 18650 lithium battery refers to a battery with a diameter of 18mm and a length of 65mm. 0 represents a cylindrical battery. The technology of the 18650 core is relatively mature. The battery structure is stable, has a high specific capacity, and has outstanding comprehensive performance. Because of its compact size, it can be used in many ranges. The disadvantage is that its safety is worse than that of polymer lithium batteries, and the number of cycles of the core is low, only about 300 times.

Polymer core

The difference between polymer core and traditional lithium-ion batteries lies in the production process. Lithium batteries are wound and softer. Polymers are superimposed and have a hard body shape. With the same volume of polymer and lithium batteries, the polymer has a larger capacity, about 30 % or more of Gaochu. And safer, less risk of explosion. Long service life. Charging and discharge reached more than 500 times. The disadvantage is that the cost is high, and the polymer core of the same capacity is at least 100 % more expensive than the 1,8650 lithium ion core.

"Lithium battery" is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as a negative electrode material and uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. In 1912, the lithium metal battery was first used by Gilbert N. Lewis proposed and studied. In the 1970s, M. S. Whittingham proposed and began to study lithium ion batteries. Due to the very lively chemical properties of lithium metals, the processing, preservation, and use of lithium metals require very high environmental requirements. Therefore, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have now become the mainstream.

Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and can be charged. The fifth-generation lithium metal battery of rechargeable batteries was born in 1996, and its safety, specific capacity, self-discharge rate and performance price are better than those of lithium-ion batteries. Due to its own high-tech requirements, companies in only a few countries are now producing this lithium metal battery.

Lithium metal battery:

Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as a positive electrode material, lithium metal or its alloy metal as a negative electrode material, and batteries using non-aqueous electrolyte solutions.

Basic Principles of Lithium Battery

Basic Principles of Lithium Battery

Discharge reaction: Li + MnO2 = LiMnO2

Lithium-ion batteries:

Lithium-ion batteries generally use lithium alloy metal oxides as positive electrode materials, graphite as negative electrode materials, and batteries using non-aqueous electrolytes.

The reaction that occurs on the charging positive pole is

LiCoO2 = Li(1-x) CoO2 + XLi + Xe-(electron)

The reaction that occurs on the charge negative pole is

6C + XLi + Xe-= LixC 6

Total rechargeable battery reaction: LiCoO2 +6 C = Li(1-x) CoO2 + LixC6

positive electrode

Positive materials: There are many optional positive materials, and mainstream products are mostly lithium iron phosphate. Different positive material comparisons:

LiCoO2

3.7 V

140 mAh/g

Li2Mn2O4

4.0 V

100 mAh/g

LiFePO4

3.3 V

100 mAh/g

Li2FePO4F

3.6 V

115 mAh/g

Positive reaction: Lithium-ion embedding during discharge, lithium ion deembedding during charging. Charging: LiFePO4 → Li1-xFePO4 + xLi + + XE-Discharge: Li1-xFePO4 + xLi + XE-→ LiFePO4.

negative electrode

Negative materials: More graphite. New research has found that titanate may be a better material.

Negative reaction: lithium ion is deembedded during discharge, and lithium ion is embedded during charging.

When charging: xLi + + XE-+6C → LixC6

Discharge: LixC6 → xLi + XE-+6C

Lithium batteries were first used in pacemakers. Lithium batteries have the advantages of extremely low self-discharge rates and flat discharge voltage, allowing pacemakers implanted in the human body to operate for a long time without recharging. Lithium batteries generally have a nominal voltage of more than 3.0 volts, which is more suitable for integrated circuit power supplies. Manganese dioxide batteries are widely used in calculators, digital cameras, and watches.

In order to develop better varieties, people have studied various materials and produced unprecedented products.

In 1992, Sony successfully developed lithium-ion batteries. Its practical application has greatly reduced the weight and volume of portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, laptops, and calculators.

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