China's 300 watt-hour/kg power battery is close to meeting the application requirements.

The special research on the special special power battery of new energy vehicles of the Ministry of Science and Technology has made substantial breakthroughs, the 300 watt-hour/kg power battery to be industrialized in 2020 is close to the application requirements, among the three teams the Ningde era energy density reached 304 watt-hours/kg the cycle life was basically 1000 times and the safety was all passed. In addition, the team of lishen and Guoxuan had similar cycle life and energy density.

On January 7, Ouyang Minggao, executive vice president of China Electric Vehicles 100, mentioned the above progress in the discussion. Ouyang Minggao is also the overall expert group leader of the National 863 Program “Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicles”.

Ouyang Minggao introduced that the technical routes adopted by the three teams are similar, all of which are high-positive nickel and ternary, and the negative electrode is a silicon-carbon negative electrode basically a soft pack battery, not a square battery.

Ouyang Minggao explained that a 300 watt hour/kg unit can probably make a battery system of 200-210 watt-hours/kg at the end of 2017 and the beginning of 2018, the level of the industry is energy density monomer is about 230 watt-hours/kg and the system is about 150 watt-hours/kg, "That means that we need to increase 50-70 watt-hours/kg in 2018 and 2019. I think this can be done, as for (cell) 350 watt-hour / kg, (system) 260 watt-hour / kg us Strive for the goal."

Ouyang Minggao also introduced the status and objectives of the other two major power battery researches.

The first is the industrialization of 2025 and it is expected to impact the power battery of 400 watt-hours/kg of single cell. He said that a 300 watt hour/kg power battery requires a negative electrode to change from carbon to silicon carbon. 400 watt hour / kg power battery, to change is the positive electrode. "There are several kinds of positive electrodes available at present. Now we have made breakthroughs in the key projects of new energy vehicles. High-capacity lithium-rich manganese-based cathode materials, two units have undertaken the frontier basic projects: one is (Chinese Academy of Sciences) Institute of Physics The voltage decay of the lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode cycle is improved, and the index is that the voltage decay drops to less than 2% after 100 weeks. It should be said that this is a major progress. The other is the team of Peking University, which developed the ratio for the first time. A lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode with a capacity of 400 mAh/g should be no problem for 400 watt-hours/kg, or even higher."

The second is a solid state battery. “There are many research institutes and industrial units in the domestic solid-state battery, including the Qingdao Institute of Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo Institute of Materials, (Chinese Academy of Sciences), and the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, including Ningde Era New Energy, AVIC Lithium, etc. Recently, Ningbo Materials Institute In cooperation with Haofeng Lithium Industry, it is promoting industrialization and plans to mass production in 2019."

Looking at the current status of China's power battery research in 2017, Ouyang Minggao gives the following summary:

First, lithium-ion power batteries are expected to achieve the 300 watt-hour/kg target by 2020. At present, technology research and development at home and abroad are basically at the same level, but safety research needs to be strengthened.

Second, as two new types of systems to achieve long-term goals, lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries are currently making slow progress at home and abroad. In 2017, no breakthrough progress was seen.

Third, the research and development of solid-state batteries continues to heat up, but it is constrained by the two problems of solid/solid interface stability and metal lithium negative electrode chargeability. The true all-solid lithium metal anode battery is not yet mature, but it is made of inorganic sulfide. A breakthrough has been made in lithium-ion batteries as solid electrolytes.

Fourth, China has made some breakthroughs in high-capacity lithium-rich cathode materials in 2017. The innovative lithium-ion batteries based on high-capacity lithium-rich cathodes and high-capacity silicon-carbon anodes are more feasible than lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries.

As a result, the overall expert group of the “Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicles” major project has updated the development trend of power battery technology:

In 2020, the power battery will achieve a specific energy of 300 watt-hours/kg, a specific power of 1000 watt-hours/kg, a cycle of more than 1,000 times, and a cost of 0.8 yuan/watt-hour. "This is certain." The corresponding material is high nickel ternary. "The ratio of nickel, cobalt and manganese is changed from 3:3:3 to 6:2:2, which is high nickel, nickel becomes 6, then 8:1:1, nickel becomes 8, and cobalt is further reduced to 1, even Cobalt is further reduced to 0.5. The negative electrode is to be transformed from a carbon negative electrode to a silicon carbon negative electrode. This is our current technological change."

By 2025, the cathode material will further improve its performance, such as lithium-rich manganese-based materials, "From 2020 to 2025, the power density of the power battery is 400 watt-hours/kg from 300 watt-hours/kg, and the cost per watt-hour is less than 8 cents to less than 6 cents. At this time, our general price-performance pure electric car A reasonable mileage of 300-400 kilometers."

By 2030, "I hope to make breakthroughs in electrolytes, that is, the biggest breakthrough in 2025~2030 may be in electrolytes, that is, solid-state batteries will be industrialized in scale, and battery cells are expected to hit 500 watt-hours/kg more than energy." In 2030, the regular price-performance model should be able to reach more than 500 kilometers.

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