New manganese hydrogen batteries are available, and cycle charging can be as high as 10,000 times!

A team from Stanford University developed a prototype of a manganese hydrogen battery.

The prototype of the water-based battery is only three inches high and can generate 20 milliwatts of electricity per hour. Although the current size is small and the power generation capacity is weak, researchers believe that their equipment will expand in the future and will reach industrial scale, allowing up to 10,000 recycling charges. "We put special salts into water, put them into electrodes, produce reversible chemical reactions, and store electrons in hydrogen," said research coordinator Yicui. "

Scientists use industrial salts used in the production of dry batteries, fertilizers, paper, and other products to perform reversible electronic exchanges between water and manganese sulfate. The incoming electrons react with manganese sulfate dissolved in water, so that manganese dioxide particles adhere to the electrodes, resulting in excess electrons that become hydrogen, thereby storing these energies for future use.

Next, scientists reconnect power supplies to depleted devices to ensure that batteries can be recharged. Manganese dioxide particles adhere to the electrode and bind to water to supplement manganese sulfate salt. "Once this salt is restored, the incoming electrons will become redundant, and the excess energy will be released like hydrogen. This process can be repeated again and again.

The team also said it was developing a cheaper process to combine manganese sulfate with water.

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