Confusion about battery recycling: when does economies of scale emerge?

The development and reform commission of shenzhen municipality has issued a notice on the pilot program for the development of a national regulatory recycling and utilization system for new energy vehicle power batteries in shenzhen (2018-2020).

According to the plan, shenzhen will carry out city-wide exploration and practice of the extended producer responsibility system for power batteries, strive to establish and improve the recycling and utilization system for new energy vehicle power batteries, and promote the healthy development of the new energy vehicle industry.

The scheme will be officially implemented on June 1, 2018 and will be valid for three years. The move provides strong support for the development of new energy vehicles in shenzhen and points out the development direction for the power battery recycling industry.

The recycling market has a bright future

As the core component of new energy vehicles, power battery accounts for more than half of the cost. Reducing the cost of power battery is the key to reduce the cost of new energy vehicles. As an important means to reduce the cost of battery, the recycling of power battery can promote the development of new energy automobile industry.

China's new energy vehicle sales reached 777,000 in 2017, up 53.3 percent year-on-year. Meanwhile, the installed capacity of power batteries reached 37.27GWh, up 21% year on year. With the battery life of the first batch of new energy vehicles running out, it is estimated that the recycling market for used power batteries could reach billions of yuan this year.

In the "2018 China new energy power battery and energy storage industry conference press conference", the national "863" plan energy conservation and new energy vehicle major project overall expert group expert xiao chengwei said, by 2020, the new energy vehicle ownership will reach 5 million, is expected to retire lithium battery about 50GWh, the market space can reach 10 billion level.

The recycling of power batteries is of great significance, which is not only the safety and cost of resources, but also the protection of the ecological environment.

In recent years, the country attaches great importance to environmental protection, improve the level of power battery recycling, the development of circular economy, can realize the re use of resources, the maximum damage or little damage to the natural environment, waste into treasure, benefit the country and the people.

A recycling system is urgently needed

Up to now, China's new energy vehicle power battery regulatory recycling and utilization scale system has not been established, power battery recycling technology is not mature, recycling evaluation standards are not transparent, recycling and utilization model to be explored. At the same time, the recycling market is not strictly regulated, recycling channels are numerous, the market price is chaotic, the enterprise vicious competition, the car enterprises recycling battery enthusiasm is not high.

On February 26, 2018, the ministry, the ministry of science and technology and other seven departments issued by the new energy vehicle power battery recycling management interim measures ", the way of clear encourage power battery multilevel utilization, stressed power battery needs, according to the principle of pilot use regeneration after use, the waste power battery for the rational use of multilevel and multifunction, and security is the use of residue environmental treatment. It is worth mentioning that the method clearly points out that the main body responsible for the recycling of new energy vehicle power batteries is the automobile enterprise.

As the leader in the production of new energy vehicles in China, baic new energy launched the "optimus prime plan" last year. It plans to invest 10 billion yuan to build 3,000 light storage and electrical changing stations nationwide by 2022. A total of 500,000 vehicles will be put into the project. Among them, the light storage electrical changing station will use batteries in stages to provide energy supply for electrical changing station and power batteries as energy storage equipment.

In addition, during the two sessions of this year, Chen hong, a deputy to the National People's Congress and the party secretary and chairman of saic motor, put forward the proposal of "on regulating the recycling of new energy vehicles and the cascade utilization of power batteries to promote the construction of ecological civilization". Refine the technical standards, supervision and withdrawal mechanism of battery dismantling, and phase out enterprises with backward technology and substandard environmental protection; We will subsidize the research and development of power batteries, encourage industry-university-research cooperation, share research results with domestic manufacturers on basic technologies, and reduce recycling costs.

The recycling model needs to be innovated

Although the main responsibility of power battery recycling has been clear, but how to recycling, recycling how to use a series of problems need to be solved.

At present, there are two main recycling modes of power batteries: one is cascade utilization, and the other is the raw material of lithium batteries after disassembly. Among them, Europe, America, Japan and South Korea and other countries have accumulated more experience in disassembly of power batteries, and China has more colorful patterns in cascade utilization of power batteries.

In terms of how to recycle, the country needs to speed up the construction of the standard system for the management of power battery recycling and utilization, and standardize the systems of traceability management, cascade product management, scrap management and punishment management. With the battery code as the information carrier, the source of power battery can be checked and the responsibility can be investigated, and the whole process of power battery recycling and utilization can be implemented information control.

At the same time, power battery design, production, sales, use, maintenance, scrap, recycling, utilization and other industrial chain upstream and downstream links, need to make clear that each enterprise to fulfill the corresponding responsibility of power battery recycling, to ensure the effective use of power battery and environmental protection disposal, to build a closed-loop management system.

This, saic group and ningde times two big already had action. Not long ago, saic and ningde times signed a memorandum of understanding on strategic cooperation. The two sides intend to further deepen cooperation, discuss and jointly promote the recycling and reuse of new energy vehicle power batteries, jointly create a complete closed loop of new energy industry chain, and promote the healthy development of new energy industry.

Disassembly technology to keep up with international

The destiny of power battery is disassembly. In terms of recycling, the disassembly technology of power battery in domestic enterprises urgently needs to be further improved.

It is an indispensable procedure for battery recycling to evaluate the recovered battery, but the evaluation standards of major automobile enterprises and power battery enterprises are not unified, which is also a big problem that urgently needs to be solved.

Generally speaking, decommissioned batteries go through three types of treatment: first, they are put into the maintenance system; second, they are used in stages; and last, they are disassembled. If the battery is in good condition, but the life of individual monomer is exhausted, replace the monomer and reassemble the battery pack, then it can be re-applied to the car; If the recycled battery still has capacity, it can be used for cascade utilization, applied to distributed energy storage battery system, or applied to micro grid, to implement peak load cutting and valley filling, and resolve the contradiction between supply and demand of power load; If the battery loses its reuse value completely, it will be disassembled and chemically treated to recover important metals such as nickel and cobalt, and then used again to produce new batteries for recycling.

In addition, for battery recycling enterprises, they must be alert to the secondary pollution generated in the recycling process of power batteries, the chemical treatment agent used in the recycling process, the residue after metal refining and so on, all need to be further properly dealt with.

Currently, GEM Co.,Ltd, located in jingzhou city, is a well-known domestic power battery recycling company. The company mixes, roasts and compresses the recycled battery residues with coal gangue and shale to make environment-friendly bricks to maximize the recycling of resources.

At the same time, green beauty in the treatment of liquid pollutants and water ecological restoration achievements, has a complete set of environmental ecological restoration system.

Cascade rerelease kinetic energy

In the use of how power battery recycling, geely new energy marketing company, general manager of various ge inside in an interview with new energy vehicles newspaper, said geely new energy is cooperate with well-known enterprises at home and abroad, accelerating power battery recycling technology research and development, the recycle of power battery is expected to be in the future to cao cao limousine rental, electricity, energy storage, and other aspects.

The China iron tower company has nearly 2 million iron towers nationwide, with about 44 million kWh of batteries for backup power. 600,000 peak-load shifting stations need about 44 million kWh of batteries; Half a million new energy stations need about 48 million kWh of batteries, and a total of about 136 million kWh of batteries.

Earlier this year, China tower, chongqing changan, byd, silver long new energy, walter, the porch high-tech, Thornton, new energy and other 16 enterprises signed the new energy vehicle power battery recycling strategic partner agreement, begin use power battery pilot demonstration project construction, and has been supported by the seven ministries and commissions such as the ministry.

At present, power battery recycling and new energy vehicles have become hot spots for investment. It is hoped that with the dual support of the government and the market, China can establish a regulatory recycling and utilization scale system of new energy vehicle power battery suitable for China's national conditions as soon as possible, so as to provide a strong impetus for the development of new energy vehicle industry.

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