Will China upgrade electric car batteries?

New energy vehicles are spreading like wildfire across the country, but in the eyes of the ministry of industry and information technology, there are discordant voices in local promotion catalogues in Beijing and Shanghai, and how to clean up similar local protection is becoming a new topic for the central government. However, even if this problem is solved, the promotion of new energy vehicles will be smooth sailing?

Local protection is still one of the important factors that puzzle the promotion of new energy vehicles. For this reason, the ministry of industry and information technology is currently studying the new policy of cleaning up local protection.

Recently, reporters learned from the ministry of industry and information technology that the ministry of industry and information technology will stop the current Beijing and Shanghai new energy vehicle enterprises and products of the local directory, as well as the local protection policy has not been introduced, after inviting the leaders of 39 new energy vehicle promotion demonstration cities or regions to discuss the promotion of new energy vehicles together. Because local protection has seriously affected the promotion of new energy vehicles in various places.

In this regard, the ministry of industry and information technology equipment department, the relevant person in charge told reporters that the ministry of industry and information technology will introduce targeted documents, but the middle of the formulation process is complex, when is still unknown. However, people familiar with the matter said there could be more than one document, with an initial release expected at the end of June.

But for new energy vehicles in the private sector, the national "863 project" energy saving and new energy automotive great project management consulting team Wang Binggang, said local protection is the key to limit the number of new energy vehicles to promote one of the reasons, but the new energy vehicles to promote disadvantage there are other reasons, including the lack of commercial return mechanism affect the enthusiasm of the participating companies, and battery technology bottleneck affecting the use of new energy vehicles convenience, become the main board of consumers to consider.

Promotion and expansion suffer from local protection problems

On May 24, President xi jinping made it clear during his visit to saic that the development of new energy vehicles is the only way for China to move from a major auto country to a powerful auto country. This is the country's highest level for the first time on the path of automotive power clearly defined.

Just days before President xi jinping's announcement, the city's capacity for new energy vehicles was expanded.

According to the reporter, on May 19, Wuhan, xi 'an, jiangsu province (Nanjing, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, Yancheng, Yangzhou and other six cities as a whole region into the national promotion city scope) have introduced the new energy vehicle subsidy policy; On May 20, the Shanghai municipal government announced the official implementation of the interim measures on encouraging the purchase and use of new energy vehicles in Shanghai. Another news shows that Tianjin, Changsha will also recently introduced local subsidies policy.

Among them, Wuhan and xi 'an stipulate that units and individuals who buy and use new energy vehicles will be given local matching subsidies according to 1:1 of the national subsidy standard, and the total amount of state and local financial subsidies shall not exceed 60% of the sales price of vehicles.

In addition, Wuhan also announced that by the end of 2015, the financial will invest 1.68 billion yuan, and strive to promote the application of 10500 new energy vehicles; Xi 'an also stipulates that all new taxis in the next two years will use new energy vehicles and take the lead in the use of new energy vehicles in official vehicles.

From then on, the promotion of new energy vehicles in the country showed the momentum of catching fire. Statistics from the China association of automobile manufacturers show that in the first four months of this year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China exceeded 10,000, reaching 10,501 units, a year-on-year increase of 154%, among which the monthly growth rate in April was 251%. After the central and local government policies have been introduced, the development of new energy automobile industry is expected to enter the substantive stage.

However, in this context, the promotion of new energy vehicles and local protection problems. "The number of foreign brands used in the promotion should not be less than 30 per cent. Shall not be used or in a disguised form barriers to restrict nonlocal brand vehicle purchasing "this rule clearly written in September 2013 the national four ministries (ministry of finance, the ministry, the ministry of science and technology, development and reform commission (NDRC) of" about to continue developing promotion of new energy automobile application notice, highlights the central government for new energy vehicles in the process of promoting local protection has begun to control signal.

However, in the subsequent practical promotion, led by Beijing and Shanghai, the new energy automobile enterprises and local product catalogs have been criticized by the industry as disguised restrictions on the purchase of foreign brands. Take Beijing as an example, its new energy vehicle industry development policy directly negates the local subsidy and separate lottery policy for plug-in hybrid vehicles, which makes qinjin of byd, for example, only enjoy the state subsidy in Beijing, which does not exist even in Shanghai.

In addition, in the area of government procurement, seven of the nine suburban districts and counties in Beijing that have introduced electric taxis have all adopted baic's models. Even byd E6, which has entered Beijing's local catalog, has difficulty in this field. "This situation is not only in Beijing, except for our headquarters in Shenzhen, it is difficult for byd E6 to get access to local government procurement." BYD about the people said.

Promotion models with local characteristics, such as Beijing and Shanghai, were criticized by vice premier ma kai as early as march this year, and the ministry of industry and information technology was assigned to clean up local protection policies. If the central government doesn't issue the document in time, wang said, other cities across the country are likely to follow the example of Beijing and Shanghai, which will seriously affect the marketization process of new energy vehicles.

Return mechanism and battery technology restriction promotion

"Local protection is indeed one of the key reasons for limiting the number of new energy vehicles, but there are other reasons why the promotion of new energy vehicles is unfavorable." Wang binggang points out that the promotion of new energy vehicles is in fact an "ecological circle". If it is not solved properly, it can form a vicious circle. It is also an important factor that the current imperfect reward mechanism is difficult to maintain the enthusiasm of participating enterprises in the long term.

Wang binggang's words are not difficult to understand, that is, due to the slow progress of new energy vehicles in the private sector, the original infrastructure construction, such as charging piles, is facing more and more losses.

Taking Shenzhen as an example, by the end of last year, Shenzhen slow charging pile sum is only 2273, less than original target (Shenzhen power supply bureau plans for the construction of Shenzhen in 2012 89 stations and 29500 charging piles) one over ten, and appear a large number of idle charging infrastructure, more important is on charging pile construction operations, currently implemented without government subsidies.

In such a realistic situation, Shenzhen has set the target of 150 charging stations and 200,000 charging piles in 2015. Some industry insiders admitted to the reporter that the electric vehicle base has not reached a certain order of magnitude, and the charging price is consistent with the power grid, so it is not feasible to set up and build, can China southern power grid continue to invest and build? Unless the introduction of social capital investment, but this must be established in a good return on investment mechanism to complete.

But don't say the return on investment of social capital, the mechanism of subsidy policy is lack of stability, hefei has engaged in the bus, the head of the company's operating said in the past two years the financial subsidies to the hybrid bus short situation, the serious influence the company's performance, "to industrial policy and fiscal subsidies can give us a stable expectations."

"We can talk about innovation in building a business model that works for the long term, but the technological bottleneck of the battery is one that's hard to crack in the world right now." Wang binggang pointed out.

It is understood that the world's current electric car battery, has always been unable to solve the lower than the energy, short driving range two major defects. The existence of these two problems can not make consumers buy electric cars from the perspective of applications. However, China is carrying out the research and development of the next generation battery, which USES the ternary material and modified lithium manganate instead of the current common lithium iron phosphate battery, and is expected to be industrialized within two years.

In 2012, the ministry of science and technology issued the "12th five-year" special plan for the development of electric vehicle science and technology ", which put forward requirements for the lithium battery of battery system in 2015. In 2015, the capacity density of single battery reached more than 180 watt-hours/kg, and the module energy reached 150 watt-hours/kg.

At present, the better lithium iron phosphate battery in China can achieve energy density of 100Wh/kg and can support driving for 100km. In other words, the life cycle of iron-lithium batteries will not exceed 2015, according to the ministry of science and technology. At present, most people in the industry believe that ternary material batteries, which are quite mature in Japan, will be an alternative direction according to the current technology level.

However, si haijian, general manager of huanyuesaier new energy, who has been engaged in the production of new energy vehicle power battery for many years, said that at present, the domestic new energy vehicle has just entered the commercial operation, and all business models have not yet turned a profit. For the research and development of higher density power battery, the enterprise is still a drop in the ocean.

In addition, iron-lithium batteries have become the mainstream of development, and a lot of infrastructure has been built for them. In the short term, the possibility of change is not large, so in the current domestic adhere to ternary material-based research and development of enterprises is not many.

In this regard, Wang binggang suggested that no matter iron lithium battery, or the so-called substitute ternary material battery, the majority of the research and development in domestic institutions or enterprises themselves, so we still expect the government to take the lead and promote, and rise to the national strategy.

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.