Electric Vehicle Battery- Introduction, Cost Performance And Usage

With the current advancement in technology, electric vehicles are becoming common. We are moving from the era of petrol to an era where the electric current takes up the task performed by petroleum. Electric vehicles are more environmentally friendly than other types of vehicles.

The most common battery used in the vehicles that use fuel is lead-acid batteries. Lead-acid batteries were used in the vehicles that use fuel because lead-acid batteries can store many currents and provide high current for a limited period.

The lead-acid batteries were appropriate because they were recharged by the vehicle while the engine is running. But with electric cars, the case is different from the car above types.

The main things that propelled the automotive industry to develop electric vehicles are the limited amount of oil mined and environmental concerns. The only solution that they came up with is battery electric vehicles (BEVs).

Battery electric vehicles are becoming a popular option that will save us from petroleum products and do not generate greenhouse gases. We need to know much about the batteries used by these electric vehicles because they are the future of the automotive industry.

Even if you do not own an electric car now, it is good to have the necessary knowledge to be comfortable once you acquire one.

3.2V 20A Low Temp LiFePO4 Battery Cell -40℃ 3C discharge capacity≥70% Charging temperature：-20~45℃ Discharging temperature: -40~+55℃ pass acupuncture test -40℃ maximum discharge rate：3C

READ MORE

What battery is used in electric vehicles?

There are so many battery types in the market as far as the battery industry is concerned. But for your information, not all batteries are suitable for use in electric cars. Thus, which battery type is suitable for electric vehicles?

Lithium-ion batteries are now known to be the standard for modern battery electric vehicles. There are so many lithium-ion batteries that each have different characteristics, but vehicle manufacturers are determined to have excellent longevity.

When compared to other mature battery technologies, lithium-ion batteries remain outstanding because of several reasons that include:

• Li-ion batteries have an excellent specific energy density of about 140 WH/kg, and energy density is impressive.

• This type of battery is right in retaining energy. It has a self-discharge rate of about 5 percent per month.
  

• Lithium-ion batteries have a reduced weight as compared to other battery types. This makes the vehicle remain lighter, thus gaining a higher speed quickly.
  

• Lithium-ion batteries take a shorter period to attain full charge as compared to other types of batteries.
  

• Lithium-ion batteries hold a large amount of current that can be used over an extended period.
  

Lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride battery is mature battery technology. They were previously used in battery electric vehicles such as General Motor's EV1. The lead-acid battery has been used in petroleum driven vehicles and is less expensive.

The main reason why lead-acid battery and nickel-metal hydride battery is not used in electric vehicles is that they have a lower specific energy density. The lead-acid battery has a poor specific energy density of 34 Wh/kg, while the nickel-metal hydride battery has an energy density of about 68 Wh/kg.

NiMH is thus lighter than the lead-acid batteries, and thus it can be utilized by the battery electric vehicles. Nickel batteries also have a greater energy density, which will allow the battery system to be managed within a smaller space.

The main problem of nickel-metal hydride battery is its self-discharge rate of about 12.5 percent per day when exposed to normal room temperature conditions. When exposed to higher temperatures, the self-discharge rate rises; thus, this battery type is not suitable for hotter environments.

What is the cost performance of the electric vehicle battery?

The automotive industry is focusing mainly on improving the energy density of cells by introducing new chemistries. This will increase the vehicle range and offer the potential cost savings resulting from less material per kWh and fewer cells to monitor.

Batteries for BEVs are more constrained by energy density because smaller packs have higher discharge rates during acceleration. This will need higher rated power electronics, advanced thermal management, and more expensive pack components.

This results in a high cost per kWh for BEVs compared to other pure electric vehicles. The battery pack is the main thing that makes up the cost of a battery-electric vehicle. The cost of electricity used to run a battery electric vehicle is a small fraction of the fuel cost that could have been used.

Low Temperature High Energy Density Rugged Laptop Polymer Battery Battery specification: 11.1V 7800mAh -40℃ 0.2C discharge capacity ≥80% Dustproof, resistance to dropping, anti - corrosion, anti - electromagnetic interference

READ MORE

How do you use an electric vehicle battery properly?

Batteries can last for an extended period if the maintenance protocols are correctly followed. Most people complain that their batteries lasted for a short period, but they are the ones who failed to honor their duty.

Batteries used in battery electric vehicles can be quite expensive; thus, you should below are do's and don'ts for electric vehicle batteries;

Avoid using fast charging.

Automotive manufacturers understand that the key to mass electric vehicle adoption is charging very fast, similar to fueling a car. Thus, the manufacturer is timid about warning against high-voltage DC charging.

It is okay to recharge your battery during infrequent long trips or when a surprise appointment drains your strategic 70 percent overnight charge. But it is not acceptable to make this a habit.

Reduce the time spent at 100 percent state of charge

You should not plug in charge your battery all night every night. If your car consumes 30 percent daily, using a middle-30-percent is suitable for the battery than always using the 30 percent daily.

Minimize exposure to high and low temperatures in storage and use

If possible, it is always advisable to park your electric vehicle in the shade or plug in to ensure that the battery's thermal management system functions using grid power.

In extremely low temperatures, it is right to plug in the charger so that the thermal management system remains functional. Other battery electric vehicles switch on the thermal system automatically even when unplugged.

Minimize time spent at zero percent state of charge

An electric vehicle's battery management system automatically switches off the vehicle before the battery reaches o percent. But a vehicle that remains unplugged for long will start to self-discharge to zero and, if left for long, can expose the vehicle to great danger.