The reasonable application method of 12V lithium battery

For better and safer use of this product, please read the manual carefully.

Lithium battery environment:

In a clean, dry, and ventilated environment with a temperature between 0 and 40 ° C and a relative humidity of no more than 75%, avoid contact with corrosive materials and keep away from sources of ignition and heat.

Charging precautions:

It is strictly forbidden to charge the discharge terminal. It must be charged from the charging socket with the special charger. When the charging indicator on the charger stops scrolling, please remove the charging plug in time to avoid overcharging the battery.

Discharge precautions:

The product has an overcurrent protection function. When the current used by the electrical equipment exceeds the maximum output current of the product, the overcurrent protection circuit operates and the electrical equipment does not seem to work properly.

Daily use precautions:

The output of the discharge terminal is not controlled by the switch on the panel. The discharge terminal closes the output only when the battery voltage is below 9.0V. The switch on the panel controls the display and USB socket output. When the switch is turned on and the battery voltage is ≤9.1V, the display will flash at a frequency of one second and one second to remind you to charge in time. When the battery voltage is ≤9.0V, the display will be displayed. The screen is off and the USB socket is turned off. The purpose is to protect the lithium battery from over-discharge. This is the process of the microprocessor on the control panel going to sleep. You need to manually turn off the switch. When the battery voltage is ≥9.1V, turn the switch on to turn the micro The processor wakes up, the display can display the battery voltage value, and the USB has 5V output. Although this product has an output short-circuit protection function, the +, - power output should not be short-circuited frequently in daily use.

Related to environmental protection:

The normal cycle charge and discharge times of lithium batteries are about 500 to 800 times. Lithium batteries that have reached the end of their life should be recycled and disposed of according to local laws.

Battery maintenance for proper use of lithium batteries:

The battery is a consumable item, and its life is certain (the number of charge and discharge is usually 300-500 times), so mastering the correct method of use is the secret of the battery "longevity". Different types of batteries have different charging requirements. Nickel-metal hydride is prone to heat and high temperature during charging. If heat cannot be dissipated in time, it is easy to cause battery degradation or irreversible damage or even explosion. Generally, according to the requirements of the manual, the charger (or original charger) attached to the battery can be used to charge the battery. Avoid uninterrupted charging for a long time and charge with a charger that does not meet the requirements (especially low-end charging). The device has no protection function) to avoid damage or danger. The correct method should be to charge with a qualified or original charger, and remove it after the full time is reached. Usually, the lithium battery has a relatively complete protection function (with a protection board). There are not many other requirements when charging the battery, but it is not recommended to prevent charging for a long time to prevent the safety problem caused by the failure of the protection board overcharge protection function. When the battery is fully charged, remove it. In addition, you must use the charger supplied with the original or the battery, and follow the instructions for operation and use. Otherwise, the battery may be damaged or even dangerous. The lithium battery is more likely to be exposed to fire than other types of batteries. Many, recently APPLE, DELL have similar cases; In addition, the battery or charger when charging should not have inflammable and explosive items, such as newspapers and magazines.

Before using the battery, check whether the load is met. If the load cannot meet the load requirement or the high current (more than 1C), the battery will be damaged or the life will be shortened.

Since long-term storage will accelerate battery self-discharge and active material passivation, the ambient temperature and humidity are suitable between 10 °C and 30 °C and 65±20%, and at the same time, to reduce the self-discharge and activity caused by long-term storage of the battery (such as more than one year). The negative effect of material passivation, the battery needs to do a charge and discharge cycle every three months to restore its original performance.

1, charging

In the use of lithium batteries, it should be noted that after the battery is placed for a period of time, it enters a sleep state. At this time, the capacity is lower than the normal value, and the use time is also shortened. However, the lithium battery is easy to activate, as long as the battery is activated after 3 to 5 normal charge and discharge cycles, and the normal capacity is restored. Due to the characteristics of the lithium battery itself, it is determined that it has almost no memory effect. Therefore, the new lithium battery in the user's mobile phone does not require special methods and equipment during the activation process. Not only in theory, but from my own practice, it is best to use a standard method of charging this "natural activation" method from the beginning. For the "activation" problem of lithium batteries, there are many sayings: charging time must be more than 12 hours, repeated three times in order to activate the battery. This statement that "the first three charges have to be charged for more than 12 hours" is obviously a continuation of nickel batteries (such as nickel cadmium and nickel hydride). So this kind of statement can be said to be misinformation at the beginning. The charge and discharge characteristics of lithium and nickel batteries are very different, and it is very clear to tell you that all the serious formal technical information I have reviewed emphasizes that overcharge and over discharge will make lithium batteries, especially liquid lithium. Ion batteries cause great damage. Therefore, charging is preferably done in accordance with standard time and standard methods, especially for ultra-long charging of more than 12 hours. Usually, the charging method described in the mobile phone manual is a standard charging method suitable for the mobile phone.

In addition, the lithium battery phone or charger will automatically stop charging after the battery is fully charged, there is no so-called “turbulent” charging that the nickel battery charger has for 10 hours. In other words, if your lithium battery is full, it will be white charger on the charger. And none of us can guarantee that the characteristics of the battery's charge and discharge protection circuit will never change and the quality will be foolproof, so your battery will be on the edge of danger for a long time. This is another reason why we oppose long charging. In addition, on some mobile phones, after charging for more than a certain period of time, if you do not remove the charger, then the system will not stop charging, and will start the discharge-charge cycle. Perhaps the manufacturer of this approach has its own purpose, but it is clearly unfavorable for the life of the battery and the phone/charger. At the same time, long charging takes a long time and often needs to be carried out at night. In the case of China's power grid, the voltage at night is high in many places and fluctuates greatly. As mentioned earlier, lithium batteries are very delicate, and they are much less resistant to fluctuations in charge and discharge than nickel, which in turn poses additional risks. In addition, another aspect that cannot be ignored is that lithium batteries are also not suitable for over-discharge, and over-discharge is also disadvantageous for lithium batteries. This leads to the following problem.

2. When should I start charging during normal use?

In the forum, you can often see this statement, because the number of charge and discharge is limited, so the battery power of the mobile phone should be recharged as much as possible. But find an experimental table on the charge and discharge cycle of lithium-ion batteries. The data on cycle life are listed below:

Cycle life (10% DOD): >1000 times

Cycle life (100% DOD): >200 times

Among them, DOD is the abbreviation of depth of discharge. As can be seen from the table, the number of chargeable is related to the depth of discharge, and the cycle life at 10% DOD is much longer than that of 100% DOD. Of course, if it is converted to the relative total capacity of the actual charge: 10% * 1000 = 100, 100% * 200 = 200, the latter's full charge and discharge is still better. Under normal circumstances, you should have the reserve to charge according to the principle that the remaining battery power is used up and recharge, but if the battery is not expected to hold the whole day during the second day, you should start charging in time, of course, if you are willing to charge It’s a different matter to go to the office. And when you need to charge to cope with the expected important events that will cause the communication to be busy, even if the battery still has a lot of power, then you only charge in advance because you have not really lost the "1" charge cycle life. It is only "0.x" times, and often this x will be small. The principle of recharging the remaining battery power is not to go to extremes. One of the more widely spread sayings like long charging is that "try to run out of battery power, it is best to use automatic shutdown." This practice is actually only a nickel battery, the purpose is to avoid the memory effect. Unfortunately, it is also circulating on the lithium battery. Someone has used the example of automatic shutdown since the warning of the low battery level of the mobile phone is still not used. As a result, the mobile phone in this example did not respond during the subsequent charging and booting, and had to be sent to the customer service for repair. This is actually caused by the battery being over-discharged and the voltage is too low, so that it does not have normal charging and power-on conditions.

3. Important tips for the correct use of lithium battery mobile phones

To sum up, my most important tips on the charging and discharging problems of lithium battery mobile phones in use are:

1. Charge according to standard time and procedures, even if it is the first three times;

2. When there is a low battery power prompt, you should start charging as soon as possible;

3. The activation of the lithium battery does not require a special method. The lithium battery will naturally activate during normal use of the mobile phone. If you insist on using the "first three 12-hour long charge activation" method, it will not actually work. Therefore, all the pursuit of 12 hours of ultra-long charging and the use of lithium battery mobile phones to automatically shut down are wrong. If you have done it in the wrong way, please correct it in time, maybe it is not too late. Of course, in the case of good quality of the mobile phone and charger protection and control circuit, the protection of the lithium battery is quite guaranteed. So the understanding of the charging rules is the focus, and in some cases it is also possible to make some concessions. For example, if you find that your phone must be charged before you go to sleep at night, you can also start charging before going to bed. The point is that you should know what the right approach is and don't deliberately follow the wrong way.

Second, battery maintenance

In fact, there is not much use in the battery to pay attention to, in other words, it is not too much to consider. How many times a battery can be used, the difference is more from the individual differences in the manufacture of the battery itself, rather than the method of use. In addition to its own battery quality, the life of the battery itself is limited. Once the battery is off the production line, its life begins to pass. Lithium batteries last for only two to three years, whether you use them or not. One of the important reasons for the drop in battery capacity is the increase in internal resistance due to oxidation. Finally, the cell resistance reaches a certain point. Although the battery is fully charged, the battery cannot release the stored amount. Many friends think that the first use of lithium batteries should be charged for more than 16 hours, so that the battery can be fully activated. In fact, this is not based on this. This is just the charging method of nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium batteries that were popular in the past. As for lithium-ion batteries, it is not applicable. Because this lithium polymer-based battery has no memory effect in theory, even if it is, it is completely negligible. So it only takes about 3 hours to rush. If the display is completed and you don't need an external power supply, you can unplug it and you don't have to wait for such a long time.

Myth 1: The PSP needs to be charged and discharged three times in order to activate the battery. Unless the PSP is a product that has been in stock for more than one year, you don't need to do this because the current battery cell is activated at the factory, and the battery is equivalent to activation when it is packaged into a PSP battery. The test, so the battery you got the hand has already been activated, and then doing the three charge and discharge process is just a wasteless increase in battery consumption.

Myth 2: The first charge must be charged for 12 hours. This is suitable for early NiMH battery devices without battery control circuits, but it is a joke for PSPs with intelligent charge and discharge control modules. When the PSP battery is fully charged, the charging current is automatically cut off and The system displays as “External Power”. Even if you continue to charge for 120 hours, the state will not change. In general, 3 hours is completely full, and the remaining "charging" is just a waste of your time. Instead, when you get a new machine, you should first discharge the battery and recharge it.

Myth #3: The battery needs to be fully charged and discharged once a month. For nickel-hydrogen batteries with strong memory effects, this is a must, but for lithium batteries, this cycle is too frequent. Lithium batteries theoretically eliminate memory effects, and even if they do, they have greatly reduced negligible To the extent that you use the battery very often, then you should discharge the battery to a lower level (about 10~15%) and recharge it, but if it is discharged even if the machine can't be turned on (0~1%), it belongs to the lithium battery. Deep discharge with large damage is generally done once every 2 months. If you rarely use the battery, you only need to do this every 3 months.

Myth 4: Working while charging, or continuing to use external power after charging will damage the main unit and battery. This is the most ridiculous argument. The theoretical arguments of the so-called hole electrons, sub-charges and other mechanisms can get much reaction in practice. The battery industry academics firstly do not agree on this. The theory still has differences. How to guide consumers to use the actual battery? The loss of the battery is divided into normal loss and damage loss. The actual power consumption and the degree of loss caused by the use of the external power supply are completely within the normal loss range of the battery. That is to say, no matter how systematic the theoretical maintenance measures are taken, the battery will age, which is like how magical cosmetics and maintenance cannot prevent the beauty from becoming an old woman, at most only delay, but the surface of the whitewash How much real utility can be, this is by no means a theory can explain - respecting the actual use of experience is the correct and scientific view of knowledge. Some people may say that the only way to avoid battery aging is not to use it (so many people choose to take the battery down), but this makes the PSP portability meaningless. Second, even if the battery is in the sealed state, it will be over time. Extended and naturally aging. The battery is actually a semi-consumable product. As long as the battery brings you enough convenience and happiness, I think their sacrifice is valuable.