What are the advantages and disadvantages of supercapacitors?

Capacitors are commonly used electronic devices for storing electrical charges and are widely used in many electronic devices. Due to the rapid development of industry technology in the new era, the early circuit structure was gradually replaced by more complicated circuit forms, and ordinary capacitors could not meet the needs of circuit operation. In order to meet the needs of high-load or overloaded circuit operation, the use of supercapacitors has been promoted in China, and this device is superior in performance to conventional capacitors.

Supercapacitors, also known as electrochemical capacitors, electric double layer capacitors, gold capacitors, and farad capacitors, are electrochemical components that have been developed by polarized electrolytes since the 1970s and 1980s. It is different from the traditional chemical power source. It is a kind of power source with special performance between the traditional capacitor and the battery. It mainly relies on the electric double layer and the redox tantalum capacitor to store electric energy. However, there is no chemical reaction in the process of energy storage. This energy storage process is reversible, and it is precisely because this supercapacitor can be repeatedly charged and discharged hundreds of thousands of times.

Supercapacitor Features _ Supercapacitor Advantages

Supercapacitor features

(1) The charging speed is fast, and it can reach more than 95% of its rated capacity by charging for 10 seconds to 10 minutes;

(2) The cycle life is long, and the number of deep charge and discharge cycles can reach 10,000 to 500,000 times, without "memory effect";

(3) The high current discharge capacity is super strong, the energy conversion efficiency is high, the process loss is small, and the high current energy cycle efficiency is ≥90%;

(4) High power density, up to 300W/KG~5000W/KG, equivalent to 5~10 times of battery;

(5) The raw material composition, production, use, storage and dismantling process of the product are not polluted, and it is an ideal green environmental protection power source;

(6) The charging and discharging circuit is simple, no charging circuit like rechargeable battery is needed, and the safety factor is high, and the maintenance is long-term maintenance-free;

(7) Good ultra-low temperature characteristics, temperature range -40 ° C ~ +70 ° C;

(8) Easy to detect, the remaining power can be read directly;

(9) The capacity range is usually 0.1F--1000F.

Supercapacitor Features _ Supercapacitor Advantages

Supercapacitor advantages and disadvantages

Supercapacitors are not superior in every aspect of the process, which requires the advantages and disadvantages of the device to be mastered when using supercapacitors. Due to the limitations of manufacturing technology, there are still some shortcomings in installation and debugging when using supercapacitors in China. Many equipments cause circuit failures due to blind use of supercapacitors, which affects the performance of the entire equipment. As a new product of capacitors, the advantages exhibited by supercapacitors are significantly greater than the disadvantages.

(1) Advantages

Supercapacitors are an upgrade of common capacitor devices, and many improvements have been made to early capacitors.

1, capacitance

Conventional capacitors used in the early days have a small amount of capacitance storage and can only meet the circuit requirements of small loads. The capacitance level of supercapacitors can reach the Farad level and can be adapted to more complex circuit operation needs.

2, the circuit

Supercapacitors have lower requirements on the circuit structure, and do not need to be equipped with special charging circuits and control discharge circuits, and the use time of the capacitors is not affected by overcharge and overdischarge.

3, welding

Ordinary capacitors cannot be soldered. When the supercapacitor is mounted, soldering can be performed as needed to prevent battery contact failure and other phenomena, and the performance of the capacitor component is improved.

4. Environmental protection

It is a green energy source that is less polluting to the environment than other conventional capacitors.

(2) Disadvantages

Through the performance test of supercapacitors, it is found that this new type of capacitor also has disadvantages. Such as:

1. Leakage

The installation position of the supercapacitor is unreasonable, which easily causes problems such as electrolyte leakage and damages the structural performance of the capacitor.

2, the circuit

Supercapacitors are limited to the use of DC circuits. This is because the internal resistance of supercapacitors is larger than that of aluminum electrolytic capacitors, which is not suitable for the operation of AC circuits.

3. Efficiency

The energy density is not high, and the efficiency of long-term discharge is not as good as that of batteries.

4, the price

Since supercapacitors are a new generation of high-tech products, they are relatively expensive when they are introduced to the market, increasing the cost of equipment operation.

Supercapacitor Features _ Supercapacitor Advantages

To sum up:

What has long been used in China is a conventional capacitor, which is an electronic component for storing electric charges and electric energy after the electrodes are composed of two conductors which are close to each other and insulated from each other. Supercapacitors, or "electric double layer capacitors," are currently new devices for storing electrical energy. From a physical point of view, supercapacitors have the characteristics of short charging time, long running time, good temperature control effect and strong environmental performance.

Today, supercapacitors are widely used in high current, data backup, hybrid vehicles and other fields. However, for portable electrical appliances that require large energy densities, supercapacitors are still suffering from the problem of low energy density. No one wants to carry a charging treasure that can never be smashed, and super capacitors have such a problem. Maybe you can't use a supercapacitor phone right now, but in the future, whoever is right?

The page contains the contents of the machine translation.