What are the effects of ternary lithium batteries and solid lithium batteries?

1. The ternary lithium battery: the technology is mature, and becomes the main trend of the market.

As for product maturity, the Tesla Model series models have a breakthrough. Model3 soon will have scale sales, which proves that the ternary lithium power battery feasibility. Model3 uses new 21700 batteries. Compared to 18650 batteries in appearance, the energy density is increased by 20%, single battery capacity is 3 ~ 4.8 Ah, a sharp increase of 35%. There is no doubt that the current ternary lithium power battery has become the mainstream products.

2, solid-state lithium battery: technical potential, is expected to become mainstream products in the future

Potential from a technical perspective, the ternary lithium power battery energy density increase is relatively difficult, all solid state lithium battery energy density increase, theoretically more feasible. Is a solid-state lithium battery voltage platform ascension, solid electrolyte is more common than organic electrolyte wide electrochemical window, is conducive to further enhance the energy density of battery,2 it is a solid electrolyte can cut off lithium dendrite growth, material scope of application system, for the new li-ion battery with higher energy density of space technology lay the foundation. Three are all solid state lithium battery energy density of about 400 wh/Kg, current estimates maximum potential value of 900 wh/Kg, more than 100% of room for improvement. Solid state lithium batteries will be the mainstream products in the future.

3, solid-state lithium battery: high security, can greatly reduce vehicle fire rate

Multiple occurrences of new energy car spontaneous combustion accident at home and abroad in recent years, the use of new energy vehicles more and more attention. The main reason lies in the power battery (mainly) ternary lithium problem, ternary lithium battery of the electrical safety, functional safety, chemical safety, mechanical safety control is still not to force. In general, the ternary lithium battery electrolyte flammable and explosive liquid, in the process of long-term use of easy to trigger the "thermal runaway", in the process of charging and discharging lithium dendrite growth is easy to Pierce the diaphragm, causing the battery short circuit, cause potential safety hazard. But all solid state lithium battery has high security, the solid electrolyte nonflammable, non-corrosive, non-volatile, no leakage, but also overcome the phenomenon of lithium dendrite and carry all solid state lithium battery car spontaneous combustion probability will be greatly reduced.

Comprehensive the above products, technology, safety, etc., all solid state lithium battery has the absolute superiority in the use of security and technology potential, but the ternary lithium electricity in product maturity, market penetration has a considerable advantage. Taken together, the current using ternary lithium electricity is the most wise choice pure electric vehicles. But once all solid state lithium battery after solving the problem of poor stability of metallic lithium, alternative products will be a powerful force, or will overturn power battery industry pattern.

4, high-energy power battery development pattern anticipation

Mentioned above, the national policy guidance is very clear, strong support for new type of high energy density lithium ion power battery development, and have corresponding policies and regulations. Mainly displays in three aspects: one is released in June 2017, national ministry of double integral policy, through the high energy density to reduce the battery quality and hundreds of kilometers of low power consumption, Y can get 1.2 points; Subsidy policy, the second is the end of last year highlighted the high energy density (passenger car battery energy density > 120 wh/Kg), can obtain 1.1 ~ 1.2 times subsidies; Three from get subsidies must enter new energy cars catalogue, passenger car ternary lithium electric cars accounted for continued ascension, this batch of 6 models share account for more than 70%, has promoted the development of high energy density batteries.

However, while the domestic new energy automobile application has achieved good results, but pure electric passenger cars for private customers products are still under the control of the influence of "range anxiety", not implemented large-scale application. Private demand of the market breakthrough and meet the requirements of power battery energy density has further improvement, this would only ternary lithium power battery and solid state lithium power battery may reach 2020 goals. This will trigger a new pattern of the domestic power battery technology.

The first category, leading technology, represented by CATL.CATL business itself already have the ternary lithium electric precipitation technology, its products will use silicon carbon as cathode materials, during the period of "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in" is expected to achieve 350 wh/kg;CATL simultaneously in the solid state lithium batteries (lithium sulfur batteries, polymer batteries) has achieved a breakthrough, such as design and manufacture CATL has a capacity of 325 mAh polymer batteries, high temperature cycle performance is good. Technology leads and layout in advance to ensure that enterprises in the application of new technology to promote occupy the commanding heights.

Following the second category, technology, represented by the porch high-tech, Lishen. Hin high-tech, Lishen enterprise possesses strong markets such as the foundation, is accelerating research and development with high energy density of the ternary lithium battery technology.Such as the ministry of science and technology website on the porch high-tech ternary lithium electricity technology breakthroughs, said it to "high nickel anode + silicon-based anode for battery materials, laboratory battery energy density level 281 wh/kg. But such companies have little or no basically involve solid-state lithium battery technology reserves, or will speed up the enterprise with Samsung Japan research institute, Sakti3 (USA), the Qing dynasty pottery energy has a solid-state lithium battery technology companies such as joint venture cooperation.

Third, technological transformation, such as BYD, universal for bye bye. BYD, universal, and other enterprises, its core products lithium iron phosphate batteries energy density rise space is limited, and gradually reduce the influence of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and accelerate the transformation of the ternary lithium battery technology route. Among them, universal's A123Systems energy density of lithium iron phosphate products run into 140 wh/kg;BYD plans ternary lithium battery energy density in 2018 reached 240 wh/kg, 300 wh/kg in 2020.The enterprise has strong technical accumulation and research and development support, and have strong technical sense of smell, or with the Qingdao will strengthen energy cooperation, countries battery research institute and other scientific research institutes, to speed up the all solid state power battery research and development.

To sum up, the lithium iron phosphate technical route is replaced, the ternary lithium battery technology has become mainstream, future solid-state lithium battery or new lithium-ion battery technology will gradually replace the ternary lithium.

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