Introduction of a New Type of Calcium Ion Battery

Recently, Tangyongbing, a researcher at the Functional Film Materials Research Center of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his team teamed up with Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen College and Chenghuiming, a researcher at the Shenyang National Research Center for Materials Science of the Institute of Metals of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. A high-performance calcium ion battery was developed. Through the innovation of battery structure, they have made calcium ion batteries have a new electrochemical reaction mechanism and achieved a stable charging and discharging reaction at room temperature. The findings are published online in Nature Chemistry.

In alkaline earth metal elements, calcium has the advantages of low polarization, the standard electrode potential is close to lithium, the Ion is +2(the number of charged charges is twice that of lithium ions), abundant reserves, and low cost. Therefore, calcium ion batteries have the potential to become efficient and low-cost energy storage batteries.

In 2016, researchers developed a new type of calcium ion liquid battery with a low operating voltage(<; 1V), but at high temperatures(550 ~ 700 °C) but showed good cyclic stability. Although the researchers did not find a reversible Redox reaction of calcium ions at room temperature, calcium ions were found to have reversible deposition reactions on the surface of calcium negative electrodes in carbonate electrolytes at 75 to 100 °C, and at 100 °C The cycle can be more than 30 weeks. However, in order for calcium ion batteries to have practical value, their operating temperature must be reduced to room temperature. It is necessary to find positive and negative electrode materials that can achieve reversible calcium ion embedding / degenerating and improve their electrochemical properties. Including room temperature cycling characteristics, doubling characteristics and operating voltage(currently & lt; 2V).

The researchers proposed a new type of calcium ion battery, which uses tin foil as the negative electrode to undergo reversible alloying reaction with calcium ions, and uses an integrated design of active material and collecting fluid. The reversible intercale/deembedding reaction of anions is realized with graphite as the positive electrode; Carbonate solvents with a solution of calcium hexafluorophosphate and a 5V high pressure resistance are used as electrolytes. The calcium ion battery has excellent electrochemical properties, with an average discharge pressure of up to 4.45 V, and a capacity retention rate of more than 95 % after 350 cycles at room temperature.

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