What are the maintenance-free battery and the dosing battery?

From the point of view of use, there is no qualitative difference between the two types of batteries. The maintenance-free battery has been charged with the electro-hydraulic at the time of shipment, and the water-added battery is added at the time of purchase;

The maintenance-free battery does not need to add pure water throughout the life of the life. The water-added battery should be supplemented with pure water when the electro-hydraulic is lower than the lowest liquid level; the lead-free calcium plate for maintenance-free battery is deleted, the self-discharge is small, and the water battery is used. The low-lying board is deleted, and the self-discharge is relatively higher.

Maintenance-free batteries require a higher charge, and the water-filled battery requires a relatively rough charge. Recommendation: Maintenance-free batteries for passenger cars and water-filled batteries for commercial vehicles.

Ordinary battery; the plate of an ordinary battery is composed of an oxide of lead and lead, and the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. Its main advantage is that the voltage is stable and the price is cheap; the disadvantage is that the specific energy is low (that is, the energy stored per kilogram of the battery), the service life is short, and the daily maintenance is frequent.

The maintenance-free battery has a very small consumption of electrolyte due to its structural advantages, and it is basically unnecessary to replenish distilled water during its service life. It also has the characteristics of shock resistance, high temperature resistance, small size and small self-discharge. The service life is generally twice that of a normal battery. There are also two kinds of maintenance-free batteries on the market: the first one does not require maintenance (adding replenishing liquid) after the one-time addition of electrolyte at the time of purchase; the other is that the battery itself has been charged with electrolyte and sealed. The user cannot add replenishing liquid at all. ,

Maintenance-free and water batteries are lead-acid batteries, which are also water batteries (for start-up). The so-called maintenance-free operation consumes less water during use (the characteristics of lead alloys), and some small businesses are also exempted. Maintenance, some irresponsible, often cause the user's illusion, the use of the market is full of maintenance-free, what maintenance-free without adding water, etc., you have experience, the second water battery used for 4 years, to be honest, start the battery Most of them are water batteries (rich batteries), no matter what kind of battery, check to see if there is water shortage for a certain period of time. If there is water shortage, add distilled water. I think maintenance-free is not maintenance-free. Should be less maintenance, there is one point, try to buy brand goods.

The sealed maintenance-free battery adopts the newly designed fully sealed structure and modern production process in the 1990s. It provides high performance, long life, pollution-free, maintenance-free, safe and reliable performance.

When charging, electrical energy is converted into chemical energy, which is converted into electrical energy during discharge. When the battery is discharged, the metal lead is a negative electrode, which undergoes an oxidation reaction and is oxidized to lead sulfate; the lead dioxide is a positive electrode, and a reduction reaction occurs, and is reduced to lead sulfate. When the battery is charged by direct current, the two poles respectively produce lead and lead dioxide. After removing the power supply, it returns to the state before discharge, forming a chemical battery with internal dynamic balance. A lead storage battery is a battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and is also called a secondary battery.

The chemical equation for the reaction of lead-acid batteries is as follows:

Discharge →

PbO2+2H2SO4+Pb≒PbSO4+2H2O+PbSO4

←Charge sealed maintenance-free battery adopts the latest design of the fully sealed structure and modern production process in the 1990s. It provides high performance, long life, pollution-free, maintenance-free, safe and reliable performance.

Commonly used batteries are mainly divided into four categories, namely ordinary batteries, dry load batteries, wet load batteries and maintenance-free batteries.

Ordinary battery

The plates of ordinary batteries are composed of oxides of lead and lead, and the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid. Its main advantage is that the voltage is stable and the price is cheap; the disadvantage is that the specific energy is low (that is, the energy stored per kilogram of the battery), the service life is short, and the daily maintenance is frequent.

Dry charge battery

Its full name is a dry-charged lead-acid battery. Its main feature is that the negative plate has a high storage capacity. In a completely dry state, it can store the obtained electricity in two years. When it is used, it only needs to be added to the electrolysis. The liquid can be used after waiting for 20-30 minutes.

Wet load battery

Its plates are charged, with a small amount of electrolyte, and most of the electrolyte is drawn into a battery stored in the separator and plates.

Maintenance free battery

The maintenance-free battery has a very small consumption of electrolyte due to its structural advantages, and it is basically unnecessary to replenish distilled water during its service life. It also has the characteristics of shock resistance, high temperature resistance, small size and small self-discharge. The service life is generally twice that of a normal battery. There are also two kinds of maintenance-free batteries on the market: the first one does not require maintenance (adding replenishing liquid) after the one-time addition of electrolyte at the time of purchase; the other is that the battery itself has been charged with electrolyte and sealed. The user cannot add replenishing liquid at all.

The general battery lead-acid battery is composed of a positive and negative plate, a separator, a casing, an electrolyte and a wiring pile head. The chemical reaction of the discharge depends on the active material of the positive electrode plate (lead dioxide and lead) and the active material of the negative electrode plate. (sponge-like pure lead) is carried out under the action of an electrolyte (dilute sulfuric acid solution), wherein the grid of the plate is made of lead-bismuth alloy for the conventional battery, and the maintenance-free battery is made of lead-calcium alloy, the former uses 锑, the latter With calcium, this is the fundamental difference between the two. Different materials will produce different phenomena: the traditional battery will reduce the liquid during use, because the flaw on the grid will contaminate the sponge-like pure lead on the negative plate, which will reduce the reverse of the battery after full charge. The electromotive force causes excessive decomposition of water, and a large amount of oxygen and hydrogen escape from the positive and negative plates, respectively, and the electrolyte is reduced. By replacing the strontium with calcium, it is possible to change the back electromotive force of the fully charged battery, reduce the overcharge current, and reduce the liquid vaporization speed, thereby reducing the electrolyte loss.

Since the maintenance-free battery adopts a lead-calcium alloy grid, the amount of water decomposition generated during charging is small, the evaporation of water is low, and the sealed structure of the outer casing is used, and the sulfuric acid gas released is also small, so that compared with the conventional battery, It has the advantages of no need to add any liquid, less corrosion to the wiring pile head and wire, strong anti-overcharge ability, large starting current and long storage time.

The maintenance-free battery has only a small amount of gas generated by the electrolyte under normal charging voltage. The plate has strong anti-overcharge capability, and has the characteristics of small internal resistance, good low-temperature starting performance and longer service life than conventional batteries. Therefore, it is not necessary to add distilled water throughout the use period, and in the normal case of the charging system, it is not necessary to perform supplementary charging from the removal. However, the specific gravity of the electrolyte should be checked during maintenance.

Most maintenance-free batteries have a hole-shaped liquid (temperature-compensated) hydrometer on the cover that changes color depending on the specific gravity of the electrolyte. It can indicate the storage state of the battery and the height of the electrolyte level. When the indicator eye of the hydrometer is green, it indicates that the charging is sufficient, the battery is normal; when the indicator eye green point is little or black, it indicates that the battery needs to be charged; when the indicator eye shows light yellow, it indicates that the battery is faulty inside and needs to be repaired or Replace it.

When conditions permit, the maintenance-free battery can be charged with a charging device with current-voltage characteristics. The device ensures sufficient power and avoids overcharging and consumes more water.

Generally, such maintenance-free batteries can be stored for 10 months from the factory to the use, and the voltage and capacitance remain unchanged. The voltage and capacitance of the poor quality will decrease after about 3 months from the factory. If you choose to leave the production date for 3 months at the time of purchase, you can check whether the voltage and capacitance of the battery meet the requirements on the manual. If the voltage and capacitance are reduced, the material inside is not good, then the battery the quality is definitely not good. It may be that the water battery is disguised after being charged by the dealer.

Use maintenance

The maintenance-free battery can also be supplementally charged, and the charging method is basically the same as that of the ordinary battery. The voltage per cell should be limited to 2.3-2.4V during charging. Note that charging with a normal charging method consumes more water, and the charging current should be slightly smaller (less than 5A) during charging. Fast charging is not possible, otherwise the battery may explode, causing injury. When the hydrometer of the maintenance-free battery is displayed in light yellow or red, it indicates that the battery is near scrapped, even if it is recharged, the service life is not long. Charging at this time can only be used as an expedient measure for emergency.

Proper maintenance

The following 7 points are used for the correct use and maintenance of the battery:

1. Check if the fixing bolt of the battery on the bracket is tight. If the installation is not secure, the housing will be damaged due to the running vibration. Also, do not place metal objects on the battery to prevent short circuits.

2. Always check if the pole and terminal are connected reliably. To prevent oxidation of the terminal, a protective agent such as petroleum jelly can be applied.

3. It is not possible to check the battery's power by direct ignition (short-circuit test). This will cause damage to the battery.

4. Ordinary lead-acid batteries should pay attention to the regular addition of distilled water. The dry charge battery should be properly charged before use. As for the maintenance-free battery that can be added with water, it is not impossible to maintain proper inspection. If necessary, supplement the distilled water to help extend the service life.

5. The air holes on the battery cover should be unobstructed. When the battery is charged, a large amount of air bubbles will be generated. If the vent hole is blocked, the gas cannot escape. When the pressure is increased to a certain extent, the battery case will burst.

6. There is often a yellow-white paste around the battery pole and cover, which is caused by sulfuric acid corrosion of the column, line card, fixed frame and so on. The resistance of these substances is very large and should be removed in time.

7. When the two batteries need to be used in series, the capacity of the battery is preferably equal. Otherwise it will affect the battery life.

The role of UPS

The battery is the energy storage device of the UPS. When the mains supply is normally powered, it relies on the charging circuit to convert the electrical energy provided by the mains into chemical energy. When the mains supply is interrupted, it converts the chemical energy into electrical energy to release the uninterrupted power supply.

Battery selection

The battery selected by the UPS should pay attention to the standard or short backup time and must have the characteristic of outputting large current in a short time. There are 3 kinds of commonly used batteries, all of which belong to lead-acid batteries, and their models are HS (slurry high-efficiency lead battery), CS (covered lead battery) and M (sealed lead-acid battery), and sealed lead-acid batteries. It is the most commonly used. The electrolyte of the sealed lead-acid battery is basically constant and has no loss. This is because sealed lead-acid batteries use advanced cathode absorption sealing technology. The adoption of this technology can extend the interval of adding distilled water to more than 5 years. In order to ensure safe and reliable operation of the sealed battery, the charging current required to charge the battery must not exceed the maximum charging current allowed by the battery. The chargers of UPS adopt the grading constant current and constant voltage charging mode, that is, the constant current charging is adopted in the initial stage of charging, and the charging current is limited to the current value of one of the specified value or the rated capacity of the battery. After charging for a certain period of time, it is changed to constant voltage charging, that is, floating charging.

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